Abstract C46: Fruit and vegetable intake and lung cancer incidence among Black women according to cigarette smoking status

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah JO Nomura ◽  
Chiranjeev Dash ◽  
Lynn Rosenberg ◽  
Julie Palmer ◽  
Lucile L. Adams-Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable

Fruit and VegeTable Intake and Lung Cancer Incidence Among Black Women According to Cigarette Smoking Status

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 904-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. O. Nomura ◽  
Chiranjeev Dash ◽  
Lynn Rosenberg ◽  
Julie Palmer ◽  
Lucile L. Adams-Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable

Fruit and Vegetable Intake in the United States: The Baseline Survey of the Five a Day for Better Health Program

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 352-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy F. Subar ◽  
Jerianne Heimendinger ◽  
Blossom H. Patterson ◽  
Susan M. Krebs-Smith ◽  
Elizabeth Pivonka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable

Purpose. The purpose of the Five A Day Baseline Survey was to assess fruit and vegetable intake and associated factors among US adults. Design. Questionnaires querying frequency of intake of 33 fruits and vegetables, as well as demographics, attitudes, and knowledge related to fruits and vegetables were administered by telephone. Setting. The study was a nationally representative random digit dial survey conducted by telephone in the summer of 1991; response rate was 42.8%. Subjects. Respondents were 2811 US adults (including an oversample of African-Americans and Hispanics). Measures. Mean and median self-reported intakes of fruits and vegetables were calculated. Estimated servings per week were adjusted on the basis of responses to summary questions regarding overall fruit and vegetable intakes. Results. Median intake of fruits and vegetables was 3.4 servings per day. Linear regressions (accounting for no more than 10% of the variation) showed that education, income, and smoking status were predictors of fruit and vegetable intake and that intake increased with education, income, and nonsmoking status. Women had higher intakes than men at all ages; these differences between men and women increased with age. Fruit and vegetable intakes increased with age for whites and Hispanics, but not for African-Americans. Conclusions. Fruit and vegetable intake among adults in the United States is lower than the recommended minimum of five daily servings. These data will be useful in targeting campaign efforts and in assessing progress of the Five A Day for Better Health Program.

A Population-Based Case-Control Study on Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Lung Cancer: A Paradox Effect?

2002 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ruano-Ravina ◽  
Adolfo Figueiras ◽  
Olga Dosil-Diaz ◽  
Ana Barreiro-Carracedo ◽  
Juan Miguel Barros-Dios
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Serum urate and lung cancer: a cohort study and Mendelian randomization using UK Biobank

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J Horsfall ◽  
Ian P Hall ◽  
Irwin Nazareth
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Serum Urate ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Low Serum

Abstract Background Serum urate is the most abundant small molecule with antioxidant properties found in blood and the epithelial lining fluid of the respiratory system. Moderately raised serum urate is associated with lower rates of lung cancer and COPD in smokers but whether these relationships reflect antioxidant properties or residual confounding is unknown. Methods We investigated the observational and potentially causal associations between serum urate and lung cancer incidence using one-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and the UK Biobank resource. We instrumented serum urate level using genetic variants that explain ~ 5% of population-level variability. Incident lung cancer events were identified from national cancer registries. Observational and genetically instrumented incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and risk differences per 10,000 person-years (PYs) by smoking status were estimated. Results The analysis included 359,192 participants and 1,924 lung cancer events. The relationships between observed urate levels and lung cancer were generally U-shaped but varied by sex at birth with the strongest associations in current smoking men. After adjustment for confounding variables, current smoking men with low serum urate (100 µmol/L) had the highest predicted lung cancer incidence at 125/10,000PY (95%CI: 56–170/10,000PY) compared with 45/10,000PY (95%CI: 38–47/10,000PY) for those with the median level (300 µmol/L). The associations were weaker for women. Conclusions We found no strong evidence to support a causal association between genetically predicted serum urate and lung cancer or FEV1. Although low serum urate levels might be useful for identifying male smokers at highest risk, we found no evidence that urate is a modifiable risk factor for lung cancer.

A MODEL FOR THE EFFECT OF CIGARETTE SMOKING ON LUNG CANCER INCIDENCE IN CONNECTICUT

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
THEODORE R. HOLFORD ◽  
ZHONGXIN ZHANG ◽  
TONGZHANG ZHENG ◽  
LISA A. MCKAY
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence

Cigarette smoking and changing trends of lung cancer incidence by histological subtype among Chinese male population

Lung Cancer ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lap Ah Tse ◽  
Oscar Wai-Kong Mang ◽  
Ignatius Tak-Sun Yu ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
Joseph Siu-Kie Au ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Histological Subtype ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Changing Trends ◽  
Chinese Male

scholarly journals Serum urate and lung cancer: a cohort study and Mendelian randomization using UK Biobank

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Horsfall ◽  
Ian P. Hall ◽  
Irwin Nazareth
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Serum Urate ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Current Smoking

Abstract Background Serum urate is the most abundant small molecule with antioxidant properties found in blood and the epithelial lining fluid of the respiratory system. Moderately raised serum urate is associated with lower rates of lung cancer and COPD in smokers but whether these relationships reflect antioxidant properties or residual confounding is unknown. Methods We investigated the observational and potentially causal associations of serum urate with lung cancer incidence and FEV1 using one-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and the UK Biobank resource. Incident lung cancer events were identified from national cancer registries as FEV1 was measured at baseline. Observational and genetically instrumented incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and risk differences per 10,000 person-years (PYs) by smoking status were estimated. Results The analysis included 359,192 participants and 1,924 lung cancer events. The associations between measured urate levels and lung cancer were broadly U-shaped but varied by sex at birth with the strongest associations in current smoking men. After adjustment for confounding variables, current smoking men with low serum urate (100 µmol/L) had the highest predicted lung cancer incidence at 125/10,000 PY (95%CI 56–170/10,000 PY) compared with 45/10,000 PY (95%CI 38–47/10,000 PY) for those with the median level (300 µmol/L). Raised measured urate was associated with a lower baseline FEV1. The MR results did not support a causal relationship between serum urate and lung cancer or FEV1. Conclusions We found no evidence that serum urate is a modifiable risk factor for respiratory health or lung cancer.

scholarly journals The Associations of Fruit and Vegetable Intake with Lung Cancer Risk in Participants with Different Smoking Status: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Wang ◽  
Ting Yang ◽  
Xiao-fei Guo ◽  
Duo Li
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Former Smokers

The results of epidemiological studies on the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and lung cancer risk were inconsistent among participants with different smoking status. The purpose of this study was to investigate these relationships in participants with different smoking status with prospective cohort studies. A systematic literature retrieval was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases up to June 2019. The summary relative risks (RRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by random-effects model. The nonlinear dose-response analysis was carried out with restricted cubic spline regression model. Publication bias was estimated using Begg’s test. Nine independent prospective studies were included for data synthesis. Dietary consumption of fruit was negatively correlated with lung cancer risk among current smokers and former smokers, and the summery RRs were 0.86 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.94) and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.84, 0.99), respectively. Consumption of vegetable was significantly associated with reduced risk of lung cancer for current smokers (summary RR = 87%; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.94), but not for former smokers and never for smokers. Dose-response analysis suggested that risk of lung cancer was reduced by 5% (95% CI: 0.93, 0.97) in current smokers, and reduced by 4% (95% CI: 0.93, 0.98) in former smokers with an increase of 100 grams of fruit intake per day, respectively. Besides, dose-response analysis indicated a 3% reduction in lung cancer risk in current smokers for 100 gram per day increase of vegetable intake (95% CI: 0.96, 1.00). The findings of this study provide strong evidence that higher fruit consumption is negatively associated with the risk of lung cancer among current smokers and former smokers, while vegetable intake is significantly correlated with reducing the risk of lung cancer in current smokers. These findings might have considerable public health significance for the prevention of lung cancer through dietary interventions.

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