scholarly journals Chronic Electrical Stimulation of the Otolith Organ: Preliminary Results in Humans with Bilateral Vestibulopathy and Sensorineural Hearing Loss

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (Suppl. 1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Ramos Macias ◽  
Angel Ramos de Miguel ◽  
Isaura Rodriguez Montesdeoca ◽  
Silvia Borkoski Barreiro ◽  
Juan Carlos Falcón González
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials ◽  
Head Impulse Test ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Otolith Organ ◽  
Bilateral Vestibulopathy ◽  
Vestibular Loss ◽  
Bilateral Vestibular Loss ◽  
Chronic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Introduction: Bilateral vestibulopathy is an important cause of imbalance that is misdiagnosed. The clinical management of patients with bilateral vestibular loss remains difficult as there is no clear evidence for an effective treatment. In this paper, we try to analyze the effect of chronic electrical stimulation and adaptation to electrical stimulation of the vestibular system in humans when stimulating the otolith organ with a constant pulse train to mitigate imbalance due to bilateral vestibular dysfunction (BVD). Methods: We included 2 patients in our study with BVD according to Criteria Consensus of the Classification Committee of the Bárány Society. Both cases were implanted by using a full-band straight electrode to stimulate the otoliths organs and simultaneously for the cochlear stimulation we use a perimodiolar electrode. Results: In both cases Vestibular and clinical test (video head impulse test, videonistagmography cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials, cVEMP and oVEMP), subjective visual vertical test, computerized dynamic posturography, dynamic gait index, Time UP and Go test and dizziness handicap index) were performed. Posture and gait metrics reveal important improvement if compare with preoperartive situation. Oscillopsia, unsteadiness, independence and quality of life improved to almost normal situation. Discussion/Conclusion: Prosthetic implantation of the otolith organ in humans is technically feasible. Electrical stimulation might have potential effects on balance and this is stable after 1 year follow-up. This research provides new possibilities for the development of vestibular implants to improve gravito-inertial acceleration sensation, in this case by the otoliths stimulation.

Vestibular Implants: 8 Years of Experience with Electrical Stimulation of the Vestibular Nerve in 11 Patients with Bilateral Vestibular Loss

ORL ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Guinand ◽  
Raymond van de Berg ◽  
Samuel Cavuscens ◽  
Robert J. Stokroos ◽  
Maurizio Ranieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Vestibular Loss ◽  
Bilateral Vestibular Loss ◽  
Stimulation Of

The mechanism and effect of chronic electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus for treatment of Parkinson disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 997-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Ogura ◽  
Naoyuki Nakao ◽  
Ekini Nakai ◽  
Yuji Uematsu ◽  
Toru Itakura
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chronic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Stimulation Of

Object. Although chronic electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus (GP) has been shown to ameliorate motor disabilities in Parkinson disease (PD), the underlying mechanism remains to be clarified. In this study the authors explored the mechanism for the effects of deep brain stimulation of the GP by investigating the changes in neurotransmitter levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during the stimulation. Methods. Thirty patients received chronic electrical stimulation of the GP internus (GPi). Clinical effects were assessed using the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) and the Hoehn and Yahr Staging Scale at 1 week before surgery and at 6 and 12 months after surgery. One day after surgery, CSF samples were collected through a ventricular tube before and 1 hour after GPi stimulation. The concentration of neurotransmitters such as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), noradrenaline, dopamine, and homovanillic acid (HVA) in the CSF was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. The treatment was effective for tremors, rigidity, and drug-induced dyskinesia. The concentration of GABA in the CSF increased significantly during stimulation, although there were no significant changes in the level of noradrenaline, dopamine, and HVA. A comparison between an increased rate of GABA concentration and a lower UPDRS score 6 months postimplantation revealed that the increase in the GABA level correlated with the stimulation-induced clinical effects. Conclusions. Stimulation of the GPi substantially benefits patients with PD. The underlying mechanism of the treatment may involve activation of GABAergic afferents in the GP.

scholarly journals Improved Dexterity after Chronic Electrical Stimulation of the Motor Cortex for Central Pain: A Special Relevance for Thalamic Syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 370-378
Author(s):  
Christophe Nuti ◽  
François Vassal ◽  
Patrick Mertens ◽  
Jean-Jacques Lemaire ◽  
Michel Magnin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Central Pain ◽  
Chronic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Special Relevance ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Chronic Electrical Stimulation of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve in the Rat: A Potential Therapeutic Approach for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Kaori Iimura ◽  
Nobuhiro Watanabe ◽  
Philip Milliken ◽  
Yee-Hsee Hsieh ◽  
Stephen J. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Chronic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Electrical stimulation of myelinated afferent fibers of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) facilitates calcitonin secretion from the thyroid gland in anesthetized rats. In this study, we aimed to quantify the electrical SLN stimulation-induced systemic calcitonin release in conscious rats and to then clarify effects of chronic SLN stimulation on bone mineral density (BMD) in a rat ovariectomized disease model of osteoporosis. Cuff electrodes were implanted bilaterally on SLNs and after two weeks recovery were stimulated (0.5 ms, 90 microampere) repetitively at 40 Hz for 8 min. Immunoreactive calcitonin release was initially measured and quantified in systemic venous blood plasma samples from conscious healthy rats. For chronic SLN stimulation, stimuli were applied intermittently for 3–4 weeks, starting at five weeks after ovariectomy (OVX). After the end of the stimulation period, BMD of the femur and tibia was measured. SLN stimulation increased plasma immunoreactive calcitonin concentration by 13.3 ± 17.3 pg/mL (mean ± SD). BMD in proximal metaphysis of tibia (p = 0.0324) and in distal metaphysis of femur (p = 0.0510) in chronically SLN-stimulated rats was 4–5% higher than that in sham rats. Our findings demonstrate chronic electrical stimulation of the SLNs produced enhanced calcitonin release from the thyroid gland and partially improved bone loss in OVX rats.

Treatment of idiopathic head drop (camptocephalia) by deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus internus

2009 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 1271-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damianos E. Sakas ◽  
Ioannis G. Panourias ◽  
Efstathios J. Boviatsis ◽  
Marios S. Themistocleous ◽  
Lambis C. Stavrinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Globus Pallidus Internus ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Chronic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Lying Down ◽  
Deep Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

Deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus internus has been shown to be beneficial in a small number of patients suffering from axial dystonias. However, it has not yet been reported as an effective treatment for the alleviation of idiopathic head drop. The authors describe a 49-year-old woman with idiopathic cervical dystonia (camptocephalia) who was unable to raise her head > 30° when standing or sitting; her symptoms would abate when lying down. This disabling neurological condition was treated successfully with bilateral chronic electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus internus.

Benefit of chronic electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus internus in the treatment of dystonia

2002 ◽  
Vol 1232 ◽  
pp. 871-876
Author(s):  
Chikashi Fukaya ◽  
Yoichi Katayama ◽  
Kazutaka Kobayashi ◽  
Masahiko Kasai ◽  
Hideki Oshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Globus Pallidus Internus ◽  
Chronic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Chronic electrical stimulation of cultured hippocampal networks increases spontaneous spike rates

2009 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Brewer ◽  
Michael D. Boehler ◽  
Alessandro N. Ide ◽  
Bruce C. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Chronic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Hippocampal Networks ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Effects of Device on Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) Gain

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (09) ◽  
pp. 778-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen L. Janky ◽  
Jessie N. Patterson ◽  
Neil T. Shepard ◽  
Megan L. A. Thomas ◽  
Julie A. Honaker
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Vestibular Function ◽  
Head Impulse Test ◽  
Video Head Impulse Test ◽  
Vestibular Loss ◽  
Directional Bias ◽  
Horizontal Canal ◽  
Head Impulse ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Bilateral Vestibular Loss

AbstractNumerous video head impulse test (vHIT) devices are available commercially; however, gain is not calculated uniformly. An evaluation of these devices/algorithms in healthy controls and patients with vestibular loss is necessary for comparing and synthesizing work that utilizes different devices and gain calculations.Using three commercially available vHIT devices/algorithms, the purpose of the present study was to compare: (1) horizontal canal vHIT gain among devices/algorithms in normal control subjects; (2) the effects of age on vHIT gain for each device/algorithm in normal control subjects; and (3) the clinical performance of horizontal canal vHIT gain between devices/algorithms for differentiating normal versus abnormal vestibular function.Prospective.Sixty-one normal control adult subjects (range 20–78) and eleven adults with unilateral or bilateral vestibular loss (range 32–79).vHIT was administered using three different devices/algorithms, randomized in order, for each subject on the same day: (1) Impulse (Otometrics, Schaumberg, IL; monocular eye recording, right eye only; using area under the curve gain), (2) EyeSeeCam (Interacoustics, Denmark; monocular eye recording, left eye only; using instantaneous gain), and (3) VisualEyes (MicroMedical, Chatham, IL, binocular eye recording; using position gain).There was a significant mean difference in vHIT gain among devices/algorithms for both the normal control and vestibular loss groups. vHIT gain was significantly larger in the ipsilateral direction of the eye used to measure gain; however, in spite of the significant mean differences in vHIT gain among devices/algorithms and the significant directional bias, classification of “normal” versus “abnormal” gain is consistent across all compared devices/algorithms, with the exception of instantaneous gain at 40 msec. There was not an effect of age on vHIT gain up to 78 years regardless of the device/algorithm.These findings support that vHIT gain is significantly different between devices/algorithms, suggesting that care should be taken when making direct comparisons of absolute gain values between devices/algorithms.

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