scholarly journals A Solitary Melanoma Metastasis Confined to the Submandibular Gland

2021 ◽  
pp. 957-962
Author(s):  
Senne Gorris ◽  
Celia Perdaens ◽  
Veerle Delvaux ◽  
Vincent Vander Poorten ◽  
Bart Neyns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Melanoma Metastasis ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Cancer Society ◽  
Small Subgroup ◽  
The Face

Malignant melanoma is a type of cancer that most commonly originates from the skin, less frequently from mucosal surfaces, the eye, or meninges [<i>Annu Rev Pathol</i>. 2014;9(1):239–71]. In 2019, this type of malignancy was the third most frequent cancer to be diagnosed in males and the fifth most in females according to the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute [<i>CA Cancer J Clin</i>. 2019;69(5):363–85]. The majority of the malignant melanomas in the head and neck region (85–90%) are cutaneous lesions, most often arising in the skin of the face [<i>Head Neck</i>. 2016;38:147–155]. In sharp contrast are the histological findings of metastatic melanoma with an unknown primary site: they are much more scarce and histologically difficult to diagnose. The literature is limited to case studies or small cohorts. In 2–6% of all patients suffering from metastatic melanoma, after clinical examination of the skin and mucosa, imaging, and other diagnostic examination, a primary tumor cannot be found [<i>Eur J Cancer</i>. 2004;40(9):1454–5]. A very small subgroup (0.5%) presents with a single focus of melanoma within the dermis or subcutaneous tissues [<i>Arch Dermatol</i>. 2000;136(11):1397–9]. We hereby report a case in this subgroup of a solitary melanoma metastasis found in the submandibular gland in a 59-year-old male. The tumor was discovered incidentally after surgical excision of this gland because of nodular enlargement.

scholarly journals Primary reconstruction of neck defect after excision of metastatic melanoma of unknown primary site with regional pectoral myocutaneous flap

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 436-439
Author(s):  
Asen Velickov ◽  
Predrag Kovacevic ◽  
Aleksandra Velickov ◽  
Shahram Ghanaati
Keyword(s):  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Primary Melanoma ◽  
Muscle Flap ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Large Tumor ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Regional Flap ◽  
Tissue Defects

Introduction. Metastatic melanoma of unknown primary (MMUP) is already a well described oncologic phenomenon in the literature, whereas tissue defects? reconstructions on the neck region always present a challenge for the reconstructive surgeon. Two cases of giant metastatic, skin infiltrative neck tumor masses are presented. In both cases MMUP was diagnosed. Both intraoperative tissue defects were reconstructed using pectoralis major (PM) regional flap. Outline of cases. The first patient was admitted with giant tumor mass on the right side of the neck. The fast growing mass appeared two months prior to the admission. Thorough examination showed no signs of primary tumor. Removal surgery was performed and the defect was reconstructed using the PM musculocutaneous flap. The second patient was admitted with large tumor mass on the left side of the neck. Thorough examination displayed no signs of any primary tumor. After the excision, the tumor mass and subsequent neck dissection, reconstruction followed, using the pedicled PM muscle flap and partial thickness skin transplants. There were no major complications in either case. The histopathological examinations presented metastatic melanoma diagnoses. Conclusion. Clinical outcome of MMUP described in literature is rather variable. Different studies have shown that prognosis in patients with MMUP is better than that in patients with diagnosed primary melanoma with metastatic disease. Therefore, the best initial course of action in those cases would be surgery, according to oncological principles, if possible. Neck defects? reconstructions should fulfill both functional and esthetic demands. Due to the reliability and low cost of the procedure, PM regional flap presents a very good and trustworthy reconstruction modality.

scholarly journals Xanthogranuloma of the external auditory canal—an atypical anatomical manifestation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
James T Connell ◽  
Thu Nguyen ◽  
Andrew S Carney ◽  
Sheldon Chong
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Juvenile Xanthogranuloma ◽  
Soft Tissue Lesion ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Head And Neck Region

Abstract Juvenile xanthogranuloma is a proliferative cutaneous manifestation encountered in the paediatric population. Adult cases are uncommon, but have been reported. Lesions are prevalent in the head and neck region, but rarely observed in the external auditory canal. We present the case of a 39-year-old female with a rapidly progressing obstructive soft tissue lesion of the external auditory canal. Surgical excision diagnosed the lesion as a rarely observed otological manifestation of juvenile xanthogranuloma. Surgical excision was curative with no locoregional recurrence. Otolaryngologists should consider juvenile xanthogranuloma as a differential for atypical soft tissue cutaneous lesions of the head and neck, including in divergent populations.

scholarly journals A Rare Schwannoma Of The Submandibular Gland: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Mohd Shaiful Nizam Mamat Nasir ◽  
Bathma Dhevi Susibalan ◽  
Mohd Najeb Md Soleh ◽  
Nor Hafliza Md Salleh ◽  
Irfan Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
First Case

Schwannomas are benign tumors arising from Schwann cells of the sheaths of peripheral nerves. Although vagus nerve and sympathetic chain composed of sympathetic fibers is one of the most common sites of schwannomas in extracranial head and neck region, many cases of origin unknown schwannomas were reported. We report an unusual rare case of a submandibular gland schwannoma in a 67-year-old lady, who was successfully treated by surgical excision with no cranial nerve deficits and complete resolution of the symptoms postoperatively. In this report, we establish a rare findings of schwannoma of the submandibular gland and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case-report of schwannoma of submandibular gland reported from a tertiary hospital in the east coast of Malaysia.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 02 No. 01 Jan’18. Page : 38-40

scholarly journals Chronic Odontogenic Sinus Tracts associated with an Impacted Tooth: Report of Two Cases

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
Abhishek Mathur ◽  
G Anup Kumar ◽  
DP Ashwin ◽  
Lagna Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Impacted Tooth ◽  
Root Piece ◽  
Dental Origin ◽  
The Face ◽  
Nasal Region ◽  
Cutaneous Sinus

ABSTRACT Odontogenic sinus tracts in the face and neck region are relatively uncommon and may present a diagnostic problem. As specific dental symptoms usually are absent in these cases, patients generally visit physician first for the evaluation and treatment because of the absence of dental symptoms. These cutaneous sinus tracts are most commonly located on the chin, cheek or in the submandibular area and rarely in the nasal region. Diagnostic errors can result in multiple surgical excisions and biopsies, long-term antibiotic therapy and even radiation therapy or electrodessication.1 The primary odontogenic disorder that results in such cutaneous lesions is typically a chronic periapical abscess or an impacted tooth or a root piece. We report two cases of extraoral sinus tracts, which were diagnosed as cutaneous sinus tracts of dental origin only after the failure of initial misdirected therapy.

scholarly journals LRG1 Promotes Metastatic Dissemination of Melanoma through Regulating EGFR/STAT3 Signalling

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3279
Author(s):  
Yuet Ping Kwan ◽  
Melissa Hui Yen Teo ◽  
Jonathan Chee Woei Lim ◽  
Michelle Siying Tan ◽  
Graciella Rosellinny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Melanoma Cell ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Melanoma Metastasis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Human Patient ◽  
Cell Invasiveness

Although less common, melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer largely due to its highly metastatic nature. Currently, there are limited treatment options for metastatic melanoma and many of them could cause serious side effects. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex disease pathophysiology of metastatic melanoma may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and facilitate the development of targeted therapeutics. In this study, we investigated the role of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) in melanoma development and progression. We first established the association between LRG1 and melanoma in both human patient biopsies and mouse melanoma cell lines and revealed a significant induction of LRG1 expression in metastatic melanoma cells. We then showed no change in tumour cell growth, proliferation, and angiogenesis in the absence of the host Lrg1. On the other hand, there was reduced melanoma cell metastasis to the lungs in Lrg1-deficient mice. This observation was supported by the promoting effect of LRG1 in melanoma cell migration, invasion, and adhesion. Mechanistically, LRG1 mediates melanoma cell invasiveness in an EGFR/STAT3-dependent manner. Taken together, our studies provided compelling evidence that LRG1 is required for melanoma metastasis but not growth. Targeting LRG1 may offer an alternative strategy to control malignant melanoma.

scholarly journals Infantile haemangioma: 5-year experience at the vascular anomaly clinic

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr Abdelhamid AbouZeid ◽  
Iman A. Ragab ◽  
Shaimaa Abdelsattar Mohammad ◽  
Wael Ahmed Ghanem ◽  
Haytham Mohamed Nasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Region ◽  
Vascular Anomaly ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
Tumour Regression ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
The Face ◽  
Spontaneous Involution ◽  
Infantile Haemangiomas

Abstract Background Infantile haemangiomas (IH) represent a common benign vascular tumour affecting the paediatric population. Infantile haemangiomas are characterised by a natural history differentiating it from other vascular anomalies. After a transient proliferative phase in early infancy, the tumour passes through a plateau phase before going into spontaneous involution. In this report, we tried to share our experience over the last 5 years in managing cases presenting with IH at a specialised vascular anomaly clinic. Main body of abstract This report included cases of IH who were attending the vascular anomaly clinic during the period 2015 through 2019. Data of all patients attending the clinic were retrospectively examined. Files of 103 cases with IH were available for review. The diagnosis of IH was usually straight forward owing to the typical history and characteristic findings at clinical examination. A significant female predominance was noticed. Generally, IH were more common in the head and neck region (70%). Active intervention was necessary in specific situations (eye occlusion, airway involvement, large lesions with skin ulcerations). Whenever intervention proved to be necessary, propranolol was chosen as the first line of treatment with a favourable response detected in about 90% of cases. Surgery was still a valid option (6%) for lesions amenable to resection; however, we must put in consideration that most lesions will spontaneously regress. Conclusion Infantile haemangiomas are common benign vascular tumours of infancy with relatively few complications. Cosmesis is a major concern especially for lesions affecting the face. Propranolol can induce tumour regression in most cases, and generally, a favourable outcome can be anticipated.

scholarly journals Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor of the Submandibular Gland: A Case Report and Literature Review

ORL ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Qingjiao Li ◽  
Xiaolu Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Pelvic Cavity ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
Round Cell Tumor ◽  
Small Round Cell Tumor ◽  
Small Round Cell ◽  
The Right

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare and aggressively malignant tumor mostly occurring in the abdominal and pelvic cavity of young patients. However, few cases had been reported concerning DSRCT occurring in the head and neck region. We presented a rare case of DSRCT of the right submandibular in a 25-year-old man. MRI revealed a 3 × 2-cm solid nodule located in the right submandibular, and physical examination showed no other occupying lesion elsewhere. Histologically, the tumor was composed of various-sized small round cell nests, embedded in an abundant desmoplastic stroma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were typically positive for epithelial (CK and EMA), mesenchymal (vimentin and desmin), and neuroendocrine (CD56, NSE, Syn, and CgA) markers, but negative for WT1. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed the presence of a break apart involving the <i>Ewing sarcoma</i> (<i>EWS</i>) gene. The patient received chemotherapy and radiotherapy and relapsed after 19 months of follow-up. DSRCT of the submandibular gland is rare, and the diagnosis of this tumor in an uncommon location relies on the histomorphology, immunophenotype, and <i>EWS</i> gene translocation detection. Differential diagnosis including primary salivary gland tumors and the other small round cell tumors needs to be excluded.

scholarly journals Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Region in Ethnic Chinese

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Velda Ling Yu Chow ◽  
Jimmy Yu Wai Chan ◽  
Richie Chiu Lung Chan ◽  
Joseph Hon Ping Chung ◽  
William Ignace Wei
Keyword(s):  
Neck Region ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Skin Closure ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Tumour Control ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Ethnic Chinese ◽  
Elderly Female ◽  
Tertiary Centre

Objectives.This study aims to report our experience in the management of HNBCC in ethnic Chinese over a 10-year period.Methods.A retrospective review of all ethnic Chinese patients with HNBCC treated in a tertiary centre from 1999 to 2009.Results.From 1999 to 2009, 225 patients underwent surgical excision for HNBCC. Majority were elderly female patients. Commonest presentation was a pigmented (76.2%) ulcer (64.8%) over the nose (31.6%). Median skin margin taken on tumour excision was 2.0 mm; primary skin closure was achieved in 51.8%. Postresection skin margin was clear in 75.4%. Of those with inadequate skin margins, 56.7% opted for further treatment, 43.4% for observation. Recurrence rates were 2.6% and 13.8%, respectively (). Overall recurrence rate was 5.5%.Conclusions.HNBCC commonly presented as pigmented ulcers over the nose of elderly female patients in our locality. Adequate tumour excision ± reconstruction offered the best chance of cure. Reexcision of those with inadequate skin margins improved local tumour control.

Noma and Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Face and Neck

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Miller ◽  
David A. Shaye
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Superficial Fascia ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
The Face

AbstractNecrotizing fasciitis (NF) is part of the class of necrotizing soft tissue infections characterized by rapid fascial spread and necrosis of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and superficial fascia. If left untreated, NF can rapidly deteriorate into multiorgan shock and systemic failure. NF most commonly infects the trunk and lower extremities, although it can sometimes present in the head and neck region. This review provides an overview of NF as it relates specifically to the head and neck region, including its associated clinical features and options for treatment. Noma, a related but relatively unknown disease, is then described along with its relationship with severe poverty.

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