Post-conflict non-affiliative behavioural strategies and subsequent social interaction in preschool boys with language impairment in comparison to preschool boys with typical language skills

Behaviour ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 145 (11) ◽  
pp. 1671-1700
Author(s):  
Laura Horowitz ◽  
Tomas Ljungberg ◽  
Karolina Westlund
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Preschool Boys ◽  
Behavioural Strategies

scholarly journals Well-being Siswa yang Diikutkan Banyak Kegiatan Bimbingan Belajar oleh Orang Tuanya

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ledya Mawaddah
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Scientific Idea ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Cognitive Activities

Psychological well-being (psychological well-being) is an important aspect that determines the quality of student learning. Not a few students in Indonesia that included tutoring by his parents more than two places tutoring. This research aims to provide a scientific idea against parents and teachers to be more attentive to the mental development of the students, in this case it is the psychological well-being of students. According to Piaget, learning that is incompatible with the child's cognitive development have negative consequences for the development of other psychological aspects. Including his tutoring is a good step to provide facilities at students in the Leisure and completing their learning difficulties, but not to the large number of tutoring followed by students (cognitive activities) is precisely make students are depressed and damaging the structure of the kognitifnya. Students must be given the space to play, develop a positive hobby, develop language skills and social interaction as well as other self development.

Caregiver Implementation of a Home-Based Reading Program With Their Children With Disabilities: Patterns of Adherence

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A. R. Logan ◽  
Jaclyn M. Dynia ◽  
Laura M. Justice ◽  
Brook Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Reading Intervention ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Reading Program ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Caregiver Education ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Early Dropout

The overall purpose of this study was to examine caregivers’ adherence to a storybook-reading intervention using latent class analysis (LCA). This study also examined whether adherence was related to child and family characteristics including children’s language ability, caregiver education, and whether the child has a disability. Caregivers of children with language impairment ( N = 695) were provided with a book per week and were encouraged to read the book twice a week. Results of the LCA indicated that there were four profiles of caregivers’ adherence: sporadic, late dropout, completers, and early dropout. Completers were so-named because they adhered to study activities for the duration, completed the study as designed. These caregivers represented one third of participants, whereas dropouts (both early and late) represented the majority of caregivers (51%). This study found no reliable differences in the adherence patterns for caregivers of children with a disability and their typically developing peers. However, children who had better language skills also had significantly higher probability of continued caregiver adherence. Implications for educational research are discussed.

The Efficacy of Phonological Awareness Intervention for Children With Spoken Language Impairment

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail T. Gillon
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Reading Development ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Language Intervention ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Speech And Language

Purpose:This study investigated the efficacy of an integrated phonological awareness intervention approach for children with spoken language impairment (SLI) who demonstrated early reading delay. Ninety-one, 5- to 7-year-old New Zealand children participated in this study: 61 children with SLI and 30 children with typically developing speech and language skills. All of the children with language impairment exhibited expressive phonological difficulties and some also had delayed semantic and syntactic development.Method:The children with SLI participated in either: (a) an integrated phonological awareness program, (b) a more traditional speech-language intervention control program that focused on improving articulation and language skills, or (c) a minimal intervention control program over a 4 1/2-month time period.Results:Effects of the interventions on phonological awareness ability, reading performance, and speech production were examined. The children who received phonological awareness intervention made significantly more gains in their phonological awareness ability and reading development than the children receiving the other types of speech and language intervention. Despite significant delays in phonological awareness prior to training, children who received the phonological awareness intervention reached levels of performance similar to children with typically developing speech and language skills at post-test assessment. The phonological awareness intervention also improved the children's speech articulation.Clinical Implications:The findings suggest that integrated phonological awareness intervention may be an efficient method to improve phonological awareness, speech production, and reading development of children with SLI. Findings are discussed with reference to a speech-literacy link model.

scholarly journals Perception of Small Frequency Differences in Children with Auditory Processing Disorder or Specific Language Impairment

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (06) ◽  
pp. 489-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Rota-Donahue ◽  
Richard G. Schwartz ◽  
Valerie Shafer ◽  
Elyse S. Sussman
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Frequency Discrimination ◽  
Auditory Processing Disorder ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Small Frequency ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Frequency Changes

Background: Frequency discrimination is often impaired in children developing language atypically. However, findings in the detection of small frequency changes in these children are conflicting. Previous studies on children’s auditory perceptual abilities usually involved establishing differential sensitivity thresholds in sample populations who were not tested for auditory deficits. To date, there are no data comparing suprathreshold frequency discrimination ability in children tested for both auditory processing and language skills. Purpose: : This study examined the perception of small frequency differences (Δf) in children with auditory processing disorder (APD) and/or specific language impairment (SLI). The aim was to determine whether children with APD and children with SLI showed differences in their behavioral responses to frequency changes. Results were expected to identify different degrees of impairment and shed some light on the auditory perceptual overlap between pediatric APD and SLI. Research Design: An experimental group design using a two-alternative forced-choice procedure was used to determine frequency discrimination ability for three magnitudes of Δf from the 1000-Hz base frequency. Study Sample: Thirty children between 10 years of age and 12 years, 11 months of age: 17 children with APD and/or SLI, and 13 typically developing (TD) peers participated. The clinical groups included four children with APD only, four children with SLI only, and nine children with both APD and SLI. Data Collection and Analysis: Behavioral data collected using headphone delivery were analyzed using the sensitivity index d′, calculated for three Δf was 2%, 5%, and 15% of the base frequency or 20, 50, and 150 Hz. Correlations between the dependent variable d′ and the independent variables measuring auditory processing and language skills were also obtained. A stepwise regression analysis was then performed. Results: TD children and children with APD and/or SLI differed in the detection of small-tone Δf. In addition, APD or SLI status affected behavioral results differently. Comparisons between auditory processing test scores or language test scores and the sensitivity index d′ showed different strengths of correlation based on the magnitudes of the Δf. Auditory processing scores showed stronger correlation to the sensitivity index d′ for the small Δf, while language scores showed stronger correlation to the sensitivity index d′ for the large Δf. Conclusion: Although children with APD and/or SLI have difficulty with behavioral frequency discrimination, this difficulty may stem from two different levels: a basic auditory level for children with APD and a higher language processing level for children with SLI; the frequency discrimination performance seemed to be affected by the labeling demands of the same versus different frequency discrimination task for the children with SLI.

Redirects: A Strategy to Increase Peer Initiations

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1319-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Melanie Schuele ◽  
Mabel L. Rice ◽  
Kim A. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Verbal Interactions ◽  
Verbal Abilities ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Preschool Boys

Preschoolers’ verbal abilities influence their verbal interactions with play partners. Previous research has suggested that preschoolers with specific language impairment (SLI) are more likely to initiate conversations with adults than with peers, as compared to their typically developing peers. This study investigated a teacher-implemented procedure, redirects, as a means to facilitate initiations to peers. A redirect occurs when a child initiates to the teacher, and the teacher then suggests the child initiate to a peer, thereby redirecting the child from an adult to a peer. Four preschool boys with SLI participated in the study. The teacher training was successful in increasing the teacher’s ability to redirect the children’s initiations. The children consistently responded to redirects by initiating to peers, and most redirected initiations received conversational responses from peers. Generalization effects to spontaneous peer initiations following the intervention period were demonstrated for 2 of the boys.

scholarly journals The Development of Language-Specific and Language-Independent Talker Processing

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 913-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susannah V. Levi ◽  
Richard G. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Language Impairments ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Development Of Language ◽  
Perceptual Abilities

Purpose In this study, the authors aimed to investigate how differences in language ability relate to differences in processing talker information in the native language and an unfamiliar language by comparing performance for different ages and for groups with impaired language. Method Three groups of native English listeners with typical language development (TLD; ages 7–9, ages 10–12, adults) and 2 groups with specific language impairment (SLI; ages 7–9, ages 10–12) participated in the study. Listeners heard pairs of words in both English and German (unfamiliar language) and were asked to determine whether the words were produced by the same or different talkers. Results In English, talker discrimination improved with age. In German, performance improved with age for the school-age children but was worse for adult listeners. No differences were found between TLD and SLI children. Conclusion These results show that as listeners' language skills develop, there is a trade-off between more general perceptual abilities useful for processing talker information in any language and those that are relevant to their everyday language experiences and, thus, tied to the phonology. The lack of differences between the children with and without language impairments suggests that general auditory processing may be intact in at least some children with SLI.

Pragmatics and SLI

1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly K. Craig ◽  
Julia L. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Language Status ◽  
Pragmatic Research ◽  
Normal Language ◽  
Mean Length Of Utterance

Selected discourse behaviors of children with specific language impairment (SU) presenting expressive (E:SLI) or combined expressive-receptive deficits (E-R:SLI) were compared to each other and to chronological age-mates and younger mean length of utterance (MLU)-matched children with normal-language skills. The two SLI subgroups varied from each other on specific measures of tum-taking and cohesion. These findings imply the need for future normative work with SLI subgroups differing in receptive skill, and indicate that, in the interim, pragmatic research with this population will need to consider potential effects of receptive language status when interpreting variations in outcomes for discourse-based variables.

scholarly journals VALIDATION OF STANDARDIZED INSTRUMENTS IN EVALUATING SPEECH-LANGUAGE DISORDERS: A CHALLENGE FOR CROSS-CULTURAL SETTINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Zahra Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Mental Age ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Primary Assessment

Communication has a meaningful impact between clinician and client in order to comprehend each other's language for effective therapeutic recovery and health related outcomes1.Standardized tests are considered as one of the primary assessment tools used by a speech language pathologist to evaluate and diagnose child language impairment. Test is administered upon the child where functional performance and scores reveals either the typically developing language skills or if an in-depth evaluation is required in any of the language domains3. Making use of the data and analyzing the child's expressive/receptive language skills that lags behind when compared to norm referenced data; if the child is par their chronological age or below their mental age.

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