scholarly journals International Prosecution of Sexual and Gender-Based Crimes Perpetrated during the First World War

2018 ◽  
pp. 395-410
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
First World

Going Barefoot in Warsaw during the First World War

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-204
Author(s):  
Robert Blobaum
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
First World War ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
World War ◽  
Daily Press ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Great War ◽  
First World

This article attempts to demonstrate how an entirely unexplored and seemingly unimportant episode, at least to grand historical narratives, can open up multiple lines of inquiry. In the course of my research on everyday life in Warsaw during the First World War, I came across an intriguing phenomenon—one might even call it a movement—of going “barefoot” (boso in Polish) during the last two years of the war. Initiated by students from Warsaw’s institutions of higher education as a means of symbolic protest against collapsed living standards, the barefoot movement would quickly spread to other groups. As it did, it generated a discourse that revealed existing cultural, political, ethnic, social, and gender-based tensions among an urban population made destitute by the exactions of the Great War. Having mined Warsaw’s daily press for any kind of reference to the barefoot movement, I have attempted in these pages to make some sense of this fleeting phenomenon by linking analysis of social and political unrest, metropolitan cultural debates, and the quotidian economic realities of wartime.

Not All Quiet on the Ottoman Fronts: Neglected Perspectives on a Global War, 1914-1918

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
First World War ◽  
Memory Representation ◽  
World War ◽  
Total War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Global War ◽  
The Great War ◽  
First World

The First World War was the first great catastrophe of the twentieth century, and the Ottoman Empire was part of it. The Ottoman theatre in the Great War witnessed both the demolition and re-making of the modern Middle East. This volume focuses on specific topics which touch upon concrete individual lives and discusses them within economic, demographic, gender, and artistic frameworks. The reader will encounter diverse individuals ranging from ordinary soldiers, peasants, women, orphans to artists who had to struggle for survival within the brutal conditions of a total war. The volume is composed of three parts: 1. wartime mobilization policies and their social and economic aspects; 2. demographic changes, minorities and gender in the war; 3. memory, representation and the end of the war.

scholarly journals РАТ И ПИТАЊЕ НАСЛЕЂА СРПСКОГ НАРОДНОГ ЖЕНСКОГ САВЕЗА НА ОСНИВАЧКОМ КОНГРЕСУ НАРОДНОГ ЖЕНСКОГ САВЕЗА СХС 1919. ГОДИНЕ WAR AND THE QUESTION OF HERITAGE OF THE SERBIAN NATIONAL WOMEN’S UNION AT THE FOUNDING CONGRESS OF THE NATIONAL WOMEN’S UNION OF SERBS, CROATS AND SLOVENES IN 1919

2020 ◽  
pp. 495-516
Author(s):  
Ана Столић
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
The People ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Background Experiences ◽  
War Experiences ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Experiences Of Women ◽  
First World

У раду се анализира утицај наслеђа Српског народног женског савеза, на оснивање, уобличавање циљева рада, структуру организације, њен хуманитарни и еманципаторски капацитет, као и на процес и конструисања родно дефинисане идеологије југословенства приликом оснивања Народног женског савеза Срба, Хрвата и Словенаца 1919. године. Реч је о организацији која је непосредно после Првог светског рата објединила грађански део женског покрета у новој држави. Искуство учешћа у рату и ратни доприноси жена из Србије значајно су се разликовали од позадинских искустава жена из других делова Краљевине СХС. Анализа стратегије и политика коју су заговарале водеће представнице Српског савеза на оснивачком конгресу у Београду 1919. године указује да су се ослањале на вишеструке легитимитете српске државе (државна независност, уставни поредак, институције) – победнице у рату, на жртвовање и страдање народа, велике доприносе жена из Србије ратној победи и на дугу традицију предратног женског удруживања на хуманитарном и еманципаторском плану у Краљевини Србији. The paper examines the influence of heritage of the Serbian National Women’s Union on the establishment of the National Women’s Union of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1919, its objectives, structure, humanitarian and emancipatory capacity and the process of shaping the gender-based ideology of Yugoslavism. Just after the First World War, this organisation gathered the civic part of the female movement in the new state. War experiences and contributions of women from Serbia significantly differed from the background experiences of women from other parts of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. The analysis of the strategy and policies advocated by the leading representatives of the Serbian Union at the Founding Congress in Belgrade in 1919 suggests that they relied on multiple legitimacies of the state – victors in the war, sacrifices and suffering of the people, great contributions of women from Serbia to the war victory, and the long tradition of pre-war female joint humanitarian and emancipatory efforts in the Kingdom of Serbia.

Reassembling Disabled Identities: Employment, Ex-servicemen and the Poppy Factory

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-236
Author(s):  
Emily Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Production Lines ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The First World War ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Artificial Flowers ◽  
First World

Abstract This article explores popular understandings of disability, work, and gender in the context of charitable employment schemes for disabled ex-servicemen after the First World War. It offers a case study of the British Legion–funded poppy factories in Richmond and Edinburgh, which employed war-disabled men to manufacture artificial flowers from 1922 onward. In so doing, this article demonstrates that press reports and charitable publications surrounding the schemes rhetorically incorporated the factories into wider twentieth-century understandings of Taylorist/Fordist productivity and manufacturing and reimagined the sites as sprawling production lines that churned out millions of flowers per year. This discourse positioned flower making as a highly skilled, masculine occupation, and relatedly constructed war-disabled flower makers as successful, productive, and physically capable workers. As one of the most publicly visible employment schemes—which catered to the most severely disabled ex-servicemen—the factories symbolized the potential of all war-disabled men for employment and went some way to challenge widespread perceptions of disabled people as idle, dependent, and useless. Moreover, this discourse represented modern, scientific methods of manufacturing as a way to make disabled bodies efficient and useful. Charitable reports positioned Taylorist/Fordist production as a solution to the problem of mass disability and ultimately countered widespread British discontent with American manufacturing ideals.

scholarly journals The Admission of Women into the Legal Profession: a Guide to Archival Sources at IALS

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Legal Education ◽  
Legal Profession ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Education Academic ◽  
First World

AbstractThe article, by Elizabeth Dawson, provides a brief guide to some potential archival sources at IALS for gender based research, focussing particularly on the admission of women to the legal profession after the First World War and beyond. Sources will include the records of legal education, academic and membership organisations and material relating to professional practice. The article also provides guidance to researchers on using the IALS Archive.

scholarly journals Demographic losses of Serbia in the first world war and their long-term consequences

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (203) ◽  
pp. 29-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Radivojevic ◽  
Goran Penev
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
First World War ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
World War ◽  
Sex Structure ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Paris Peace Conference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
First World

Proportional to the total population, Serbia was the country with the highest number of casualties in the First World War. According to the first estimates presented at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, total Serbian casualties were 1,250,000, over 400,000 of which were military losses while the rest were civilian deaths. Besides direct losses, which include casualties in war events and deaths resulting from military operations, the Serbian population also suffered significant indirect losses originating from the reduced number of births during the war and postwar years, increased death rate after the war as a consequence of war events, and more intensive emigration. The paper analyses some of the most-quoted estimates of demographic losses (the Paris Peace Conference, Djuric, Notestein et al.), which differ in the methodology applied, the territory covered, and the obtained results. Moreover, the paper specifies the long-term demographic consequences of the First World War, primarily on the population size of Serbia and its age and gender structure. Generations that suffered the biggest losses and those whose sex structure was disrupted the most are indicated.

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