scholarly journals Deep sea without limits—four new closely related species of Emertonia Wilson, 1932 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Paramesochridae) show characters with a world-wide distribution

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5051 (1) ◽  
pp. 443-486
Author(s):  
ANNABEL MATHISKE ◽  
DAVID THISTLE ◽  
HENDRIK GHEERARDYN ◽  
GRITTA VEIT-KÖHLER
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Harpacticoid Copepods ◽  
The Family ◽  
Biogeographical Pattern

The large-scale dispersal of deep-sea harpacticoid copepods is an increasing focus for ecological studies. A fundamental prerequisite for monitoring and explaining their geographical distribution is precise descriptions of their morphology. Four new, closely related species of the family Paramesochridae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) were found in the deep sea of the Pacific (San Diego Trough and off Chile), the Atlantic Ocean (Porcupine Abyssal Plain and Angola Basin), and the Atlantic and Indian Ocean sectors of the Southern Ocean (Weddell Sea and off Crozet Island). The discovery of Emertonia berndi sp. nov., E. hessleri sp. nov., E. ilse sp. nov., and E. serrata sp. nov. increases the number of known deep-sea species in this genus to ten. The new species are placed in Emertonia Wilson, 1932 because of their one-segmented endopods on the second and third swimming legs. The presence of a two-segmented endopod on the fourth swimming leg allocates them to the “andeep-group” within this genus. The four species can be distinguished from their congeners by the strongly serrated spines on the exopods of their swimming legs and an outwardly directed flexible seta on the exopod of the fifth leg. It is conveivable that these two specific characters evolved only once in the genus Emertonia. Their apparently cosmopolitan distribution covers thousands of kilometres and spans all major oceans. This biogeographical pattern may be explained by resuspension events followed by passive transport by benthic currents. Discrepancies in their dispersal ranges may be a result of changing geological and oceanographic boundaries.  

Two new Diastylis (Cumacea: Diastylidae) from Antarctic waters: Diastylis andeepae and D. catalinae

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2440 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
NATALIA ALBERICO ◽  
UTE MÜHLENHARDT-SIEGEL
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Short Distance ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Bay Of Biscay ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Inferior Margin ◽  
Antarctic Waters ◽  
Simple Seta

Two new deep-sea cumaceans, Diastylis andeepae and D. catalinae are described from the Weddell Sea. Diastylis andeepae n. sp. can be distinguished from other members of the genus by a combination of characters including: carapace with small tubercles all over and anterior part with an arched row of teeth extending from each side of the pseudorostrum and disappearing a short distance before reaching the inferior margin of the carapace, ischium of the pereopod 2 with four strong teeth, endopod uropod of two articles. Diastylis catalinae n. sp. is a closely related species to D. richardi Fage 1929 recorded from the Bay of Biscay, however D. catalinae can be easily separated from D. richardi by having: (1) on each side of the anterior part of the carapace several teeth arranged in two non-uniform rows (randomly distributed and with two antero−lateral horns in D. richardi); (2) clearly visible pereonites 1 and 2 in dorsal view (hardly visible in D. richardi); (3) one tooth on each postero−lateral angle of the pereonite 5 (without teeth in D.richardi); and (4) one minute simple seta on article 4 of the antenna 2 (a long setulate seta in D. richardi).

Taxonomy and biogeography of Molgolaimus Ditlevsen, 1921 (Nematoda: Chromadoria) with reference to the origins of deep sea nematodes

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Fonseca ◽  
Ann Vanreusel ◽  
Wilfrieda Decraemer
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
Total Community ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Molgolaimus is a genus of free-living marine nematodes which is found in high densities (10–35% of the total community) up to 2000 m depth. Its occurrence is often associated with organically enriched and recently disturbed areas. Currently, only 16 species have been described, mainly from shallow waters. The present study contributes 17 new species mainly from the Weddell Sea but also from the Pacific Ocean, and provides an illustrated polytomous identification key to species level. The 33 Molgolaimus species described can be identified based on just a few morphometric features: spicule length, body length, anal body diameter, tail length and pharynx length. A first insight into the biogeography of this deep sea genus at species level is presented. A comparison of morphometric characteristics between species suggests that the most similar species co-occur in the same geographical region, rather than within the same bathymetric zones or similar ecosystems separated over long distances. These observations suggest that deep sea nematodes may not have a common origin but might have derived “recently” from shallow water taxa. Therefore, global distribution of nematodes could be explained by means of palaeogeographical events.

scholarly journals The Occurrence of Quill Mites (Arachnida: Acariformes: Syringophilidae) on Bee-Eaters (Aves: Coraciiformes: Meropidae: Merops) of Two Sister Clades

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3500
Author(s):  
Maciej Skoracki ◽  
Jakub Z. Kosicki ◽  
Bozena Sikora ◽  
Till Töpfer ◽  
Jan Hušek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Related Species ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Sister Clade ◽  
The Family ◽  
Host Lineage ◽  
A New Species

We studied the quill mite fauna of the family Syringophilidae, associated with bee-eaters. We examined 273 bird specimens belonging to nine closely related species of the genus Merops, representing two phylogenetic sister clades of a monophyletic group. Our examination reveals the presence of two species of the genus Peristerophila, as follows: (1) a new species Peristerophila mayri sp. n. from Merops viridis in the Philippines, M. leschenaulti in Nepal and Sri Lanka, and M. orientalis in Sri Lanka; and (2) P. meropis from M. superciliosus in Tanzania and Egypt, M. persicus in Sudan, Tanzania, Liberia, Senegal, Kenya, and D.R. Congo, M. ornatus in Papua New Guinea, M. philippinus in Thailand, Indonesia and Sri Lanka, and M. americanus in the Philippines. The prevalence of host infestations by syringophilid mites varied from 3.1 to 38.2%. The distribution of syringophilid mites corresponds with the sister clade phylogenetic relationships of the hosts, except for P. meropis associated with Merops americanus. Possible hypotheses for the host lineage shift are proposed.

A new Stigmella feeding on Urticaceae from Guam: first records of Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from Micronesia and Polynesia

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik J. van Nieukerken ◽  
C. van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Herbarium Material ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pacific Area

Stigmella ebbenielseni, sp. nov. is described from Guam, where it was reared from leafmines on Pipturus argenteus (G. Forst.) Wedd. (Urticaceae). Vacated leafmines of this or a related species have also been recorded from Tinian and Alamagan. These provide the first records of the Nepticulidae from Micronesia. Similar mines, probably of a related species, have been recorded from herbarium material of Maoutia australis Wedd. originating from Tahiti; these confirm the occurrence of the family in Polynesia. Adult and mines of S. ebbenielseni are described and illustrated. The literature on Microlepidoptera of Pacific islands is reviewed and previous records of Nepticulidae are discussed. We conclude that Stigmella is probably widespread in the Pacific area, with at least four species, currently all associated with Urticaceae, tribe Boehmeriae.

Synopsis of the genus Paraleuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) from China

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2350 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEIHAI LI ◽  
YUNBING WANG ◽  
DING YANG
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
The Family

A species of the family Leuctridae, Paraleuctra tianmushana sp. nov., is described from Zhejiang and Henan, China. Its relationship with closely related species is discussed and a key to Chinese species of Paraleuctra is presented.

On the systematic status of Isopericlimenaeus Marin, 2012 and its type species, Periclimenaeus gorgonidarum (Balss, 1913) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4614 (2) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIN-HO PARK ◽  
SAMMY DE GRAVE ◽  
WON KIM
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Diagnostic Character ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Related Genus ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Systematic Status ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Comparison

The palaemonid genus Isopericlimenaeus is currently comprised of only the type species, Isopericlimenaeus gorgonidarum, with the diagnostic character of the genus being the presence of a molar and fossa structure on both second chelipeds. Periclimenaeus uropodialis is a closely related species, which has either been considered a synonym of I. gorgonidarum or placed as a valid species in the related genus, Periclimenaeus. During fieldwork in the Philippines, Taiwan and Korea, several species of Periclimenaeus and other sponge associated shrimps belonging to the family Palaemonidae were collected, including I. gorgonidarum and P. uropodialis. Based on a morphological and molecular comparison, it is demonstrated that both taxa are conspecific and that Isopericlimenaeus is a junior synonym of Periclimenaeus.

scholarly journals The biodiversity of the deep Southern Ocean benthos

2006 ◽  
Vol 362 (1477) ◽  
pp. 39-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Brandt ◽  
C De Broyer ◽  
I De Mesel ◽  
K.E Ellingsen ◽  
A.J Gooday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Sediment Type ◽  
Biodiversity Patterns ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Relationship Of

Our knowledge of the biodiversity of the Southern Ocean (SO) deep benthos is scarce. In this review, we describe the general biodiversity patterns of meio-, macro- and megafaunal taxa, based on historical and recent expeditions, and against the background of the geological events and phylogenetic relationships that have influenced the biodiversity and evolution of the investigated taxa. The relationship of the fauna to environmental parameters, such as water depth, sediment type, food availability and carbonate solubility, as well as species interrelationships, probably have shaped present-day biodiversity patterns as much as evolution. However, different taxa exhibit different large-scale biodiversity and biogeographic patterns. Moreover, there is rarely any clear relationship of biodiversity pattern with depth, latitude or environmental parameters, such as sediment composition or grain size. Similarities and differences between the SO biodiversity and biodiversity of global oceans are outlined. The high percentage (often more than 90%) of new species in almost all taxa, as well as the high degree of endemism of many groups, may reflect undersampling of the area, and it is likely to decrease as more information is gathered about SO deep-sea biodiversity by future expeditions. Indeed, among certain taxa such as the Foraminifera, close links at the species level are already apparent between deep Weddell Sea faunas and those from similar depths in the North Atlantic and Arctic. With regard to the vertical zonation from the shelf edge into deep water, biodiversity patterns among some taxa in the SO might differ from those in other deep-sea areas, due to the deep Antarctic shelf and the evolution of eurybathy in many species, as well as to deep-water production that can fuel the SO deep sea with freshly produced organic matter derived not only from phytoplankton, but also from ice algae.

Phenetic variation between some species in the family Phytoseiidae (Acarina: Gamasida)

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Chant ◽  
R. I. C. Hansell ◽  
H. J. Rowell
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Consistent Trend ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phenetic Diversity ◽  
Species Groups

Examination of differences in phenetic variation between a number of closely related species of mites of the family Phytoseiidae from four widely different environments in North America, ranging from subarctic to subtropical, was undertaken. Phenetic variation was measured by (1) determining the numbers of taxa recorded in given areas as a measure of the richness of species and genera; (2) determining interspecific morphological diversity using multivariate techniques based on frequency distributions of the taxonomic distances between pairs of species; and (3) by using phenogram analyses to determine the species groups in a given area.The results show a consistent trend in the degree of diversity. The more northerly communities have fewer taxa and these show little phenetic diversity, whereas the more southern communities have more taxa and they show greater phenetic diversity.

New dasycladalean algal species from the Kalana Lagerstätte (Silurian, Estonia)

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viirika Mastik ◽  
Oive Tinn
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Algal Flora ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Iapetus Ocean ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Cymopolia Barbata

AbstractA Silurian (Llandovery, Aeronian) Lagerstätte in Kalana, Estonia, has revealed exceptionally preserved noncalcified thalli of dasycladalean (divison Chlorophyta) algal fossils. The siphonous, serially segmented fossils of Palaeocymopolia silurica n. sp. are closely similar to P. nunavutensis, a Ludlovian species from the Arctic Canada. The occurrence of closely related species at Baltica and Laurentia paleocontinents indicates a wide distribution of noncalcified algal flora on both sides of the Iapetus Ocean in the Paleozoic. The exceptionally well-preserved specimens from the Kalana Lagerstätte show similarity to extant species Cymopolia barbata, with lack of a calcium carbonate skeleton being the major observable difference from the latter.

Mites of the family Parasitidae Oudemans, 1901 (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Japan: a new species of Vulgarogamasus Tichomirov, 1969, and a key to Japanese species

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4429 (2) ◽  
pp. 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMED W. NEGM ◽  
TETSUO GOTOH
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Japanese Literature ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Japanese Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ibaraki Prefecture ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
A New Species

Vulgarogamasus edurus sp. nov. (Acari: Parasitidae) is described based on females, deutonymphs and males extracted from leaf litter and soil in Ami, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. Morphological differences between the new species and its closely related species, Vulgarogamasus fujisanus (Ishikawa, 1972), are recorded based on the examination of type materials. Information about parasitid mites reported in Japanese literature is reviewed, and a key to species is provided. 

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