Do Lidocaine Patches Reduce Opioid Use in Acute Rib Fractures?

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 1153-1158
Author(s):  
Matthew Johnson ◽  
Lauren Strait ◽  
Ashar Ata ◽  
Ashley Bartscherer ◽  
Claire Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Rib Fractures ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Trauma Service ◽  
Fracture Management ◽  
Multimodal Care

Background Pain control is an important aspect of rib fracture management. With a rise in multimodal care approaches, we hypothesized that transdermal lidocaine patches reduce opioid utilization in hospitalized patients with acute rib fractures not requiring continuous opioid infusion. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of adult trauma patients with acute rib fractures admitted to the Trauma Service from January 2011 to October 2018. We compared patients who received transdermal lidocaine patches to those who did not and evaluated cumulative opioid consumption, expressed in morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs). Secondary outcomes included the rate of pulmonary complications and length of hospital stay. Results Of the 21 190 trauma admissions, 3927 (18.5%) had rib fractures. Overall, 1555 patients who received continuous opioid infusion were excluded. Of the remaining 2372 patients, 725 (30.6%) patients received lidocaine patches. The mean total MME of patients who received lidocaine patches was 55.7 MME (30.7 MME on multivariate analysis) and was lower than that of patients who did not receive lidocaine patches ( P ≤ .01). There was no difference in hospital length of stay (no lidocaine patches vs received lidocaine patches: 6.2 days vs 6.5 days, P = .34) or pulmonary complications (1.7% vs 2.8%, P = .08). Discussion In admitted trauma patients with acute rib fractures not requiring continuous intravenous opiates, lidocaine patch use was associated with a significant decrease in opiate utilization during the patients’ hospital course.

Early versus Delayed Amputation in the Setting of Severe Lower Extremity Trauma

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 564-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary F. Williams ◽  
Lindsay M. Bools ◽  
Ashley Adams ◽  
Thomas V. Clancy ◽  
William W. Hope
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Limb Salvage ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Lower Extremity Amputation ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Early Group ◽  
Extremity Amputation

Leg-threatening injuries present patients and clinicians with the difficult decision to pursue primary amputation or attempt limb salvage. The effects of delayed amputation after failed limb salvage on outcomes, such as prosthetic use and hospital deposition, are unclear. We evaluated the timing of amputations and its effects on outcomes. We retrospectively reviewed all trauma patients undergoing lower extremity amputation from January 1,2000 through December 31, 2010 at a Level 2 trauma center. Patients undergoing early amputation (amputation within 48 hours of admission) were compared with patients undergoing late amputation (amputations >48 hours after admission). Patient demographics, injury specifics, operative characteristics, and outcomes were documented. During the 11-year study period, 43 patients had a lower extremity amputation and 21 had early amputations. The two groups were similar except for a slightly higher Mangled Extremity Severity Score in the early amputation group. Total hospital length of stay significantly differed between groups, with the late amputation group length of stay being nearly twice as long. The late amputation group had significantly more ipsilateral leg complications than the early group (77% vs 15%). There was a trend toward more prosthetic use in the early group (93%vs 57%, P = 0.07). Traumatic lower extremity injuries requiring amputation are rare at our institution (0.3% incidence). Regardless of the amputation timing, most patients were able to obtain a prosthetic. Although the late group had a longer length of hospital stay and more local limb complications, attempted limb salvage still appears to be a viable option for appropriately selected trauma patients.

Trauma Attending Physician Continuity: Does it Make a Difference?

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
David G. Jacobs ◽  
Jennifer L. Sarafin ◽  
Karen E. Head ◽  
A Britt Christmas ◽  
Toan Huynh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Trauma Service ◽  
Retrospective Comparison ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Attending Physician

Continuity of care is important in achieving optimal outcomes in trauma patients, but the optimal length of the trauma attending (TA) rotation is unknown. We hypothesize that longer TA rotations provide greater continuity, and therefore improve outcomes. We did a retrospective comparison of trauma patient outcomes from two consecutive 6-month periods during which we transitioned from a 1-month TA rotation to a 1-week TA rotation. The Wilcoxon rank sum test, and the χ2 were used for statistical analysis. Over the 12-month study period 1924 patients were admitted to the Trauma Service. The two groups were similar with regard to age, gender, injury mechanism, Injury Severity Score and Glasgow Coma Scale scores, and Abbreviated Injury Scores for the chest, abdomen, and extremities. Although mortality, patient charges, and violations of the standard of care were similar between the two groups, overall morbidity was lower (18.6% vs 23.2%), and hospital length of stay higher (9.07 days vs 8.41 days) in the 1-week TA group compared with the 1-month TA group. A one-week TA rotation was associated with a longer hospital length of stay, but improved morbidity. Longer TA rotations do not necessarily provide improved continuity or improved outcomes.

840: METHOCARBAMOL DECREASES HOSPITAL LENGTH OF STAY IN TRAUMA PATIENTS WITH RIB FRACTURES

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 286-286
Author(s):  
Asad Patanwala ◽  
Ohoud Aljuhani ◽  
Brian Kopp ◽  
Brian Erstad
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Rib Fractures ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Trauma Patients

Methocarbamol use is associated with decreased hospital length of stay in trauma patients with closed rib fractures

2017 ◽  
Vol 214 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asad E. Patanwala ◽  
Ohoud Aljuhani ◽  
Brian J. Kopp ◽  
Brian L. Erstad
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Rib Fractures ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Trauma Patients

Guideline-Driven Care Improves Outcomes in Patients with Traumatic Rib Fractures

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1012-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Flarity ◽  
Whitney C. Rhodes ◽  
Andrew J. Berson ◽  
Brian E. Leininger ◽  
Paul E. Reckard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Rib Fractures ◽  
Rib Fracture ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Fracture Management ◽  
Multivariable Regression

There is no established national standard for rib fracture management. A clinical practice guideline (CPG) for rib fractures, including monitoring of pulmonary function, early initiation of aggressive loco-regional analgesia, and early identification of deteriorating respiratory function, was implemented in 2013. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of the CPG on hospital length of stay. Hospital length of stay (LOS) was compared for adult patients admitted to the hospital with rib fracture(s) two years before and two years after CPG implementation. A separate analysis was done for the patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Over the 48-month study period, 571 patients met inclusion criteria for the study. Pre-CPG and CPG study groups were well matched with few differences. Multivariable regression did not demonstrate a difference in LOS (B = -0.838; P = 0.095) in the total study cohort. In the ICU cohort (n = 274), patients in the CPG group were older (57 vs 52 years; P = 0.023) and had more rib fractures (4 vs 3; P = 0.003). Multivariable regression identified a significant decrease in LOS for those patients admitted in the CPG period (B = -2.29; P = 0.019). Despite being significantly older with more rib fractures in the ICU cohort, patients admitted after implementation of the CPG had a significantly reduced LOS on multivariable analysis, reducing LOS by over two days. This structured intervention can limit narcotic usage, improve pulmonary function, and decrease LOS in the most injured patients with chest trauma.

scholarly journals Trauma resource pit stop: increasing efficiency in the evaluation of lower severity trauma patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000670
Author(s):  
Imad S Dandan ◽  
Gail T Tominaga ◽  
Frank Z Zhao ◽  
Kathryn B Schaffer ◽  
Fady S Nasrallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Trauma Team ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Evaluation Time ◽  
Retrospective Comparison ◽  
Trauma Bay

BackgroundOvertriage of trauma patients is unavoidable and requires effective use of hospital resources. A ‘pit stop’ (PS) was added to our lowest tier trauma resource (TR) triage protocol where the patient stops in the trauma bay for immediate evaluation by the emergency department (ED) physician and trauma nursing. We hypothesized this would allow for faster diagnostic testing and disposition while decreasing cost.MethodsWe performed a before/after retrospective comparison after PS implementation. Patients not meeting trauma activation (TA) criteria but requiring trauma center evaluation were assigned as a TR for an expedited PS evaluation. A board-certified ED physician and trauma/ED nurse performed an immediate assessment in the trauma bay followed by performance of diagnostic studies. Trauma surgeons were readily available in case of upgrade to TA. We compared patient demographics, Injury Severity Score, time to physician evaluation, time to CT scan, hospital length of stay, and in-hospital mortality. Comparisons were made using 95% CI for variance and SD and unpaired t-tests for two-tailed p values, with statistical difference, p<0.05.ResultsThere were 994 TAs and 474 TRs in the first 9 months after implementation. TR’s preanalysis versus postanalysis of the TR group shows similar mean door to physician evaluation times (6.9 vs. 8.6 minutes, p=0.1084). Mean door to CT time significantly decreased (67.7 vs. 50 minutes, p<0.001). 346 (73%) TR patients were discharged from ED; 2 (0.4%) were upgraded on arrival. When admitted, TR patients were older (61.4 vs. 47.2 years, p<0.0001) and more often involved in a same-level fall (59.5% vs. 20.1%, p<0.0001). Undertriage was calculated using the Cribari matrix at 3.2%.DiscussionPS implementation allowed for faster door to CT time for trauma patients not meeting activation criteria without mobilizing trauma team resources. This approach is safe, feasible, and simultaneously decreases hospital cost while improving allocation of trauma team resources.Level of evidenceLevel II, economic/decision therapeutic/care management study.

scholarly journals Older trauma patients are at high risk of delirium, especially those with underlying dementia or baseline frailty

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000639
Author(s):  
Danielle Ní Chróinín ◽  
Nevenka Francis ◽  
Pearl Wong ◽  
Yewon David Kim ◽  
Susan Nham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Patients ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

BackgroundGiven the increasing numbers of older patients presenting with trauma, and the potential influence of delirium on outcomes, we sought to investigate the proportion of such patients who were diagnosed with delirium during their stay—and patient factors associated therewith—and the potential associations between delirium and hospital length of stay (LOS). We hypothesized that delirium would be common, associated with certain patient characteristics, and associated with long hospital LOS (highest quartile).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of all trauma patients aged ≥65 years presenting in September to October 2019, interrogating medical records and the institutional trauma database. The primary outcome measure was occurrence of delirium.ResultsAmong 99 eligible patients, delirium was common, documented in 23% (23 of 99). On multivariable analysis, adjusting for age, frailty and history of dementia, frailty (OR 4.09, 95% CI 1.08 to 15.53, p=0.04) and dementia (OR 5.23, 95% CI 1.38 to 19.90, p=0.02) were independently associated with likelihood of delirium. Standardized assessment tools were underused, with only 34% (34 of 99) screened within 4 hours of arrival. On univariate logistic regression analysis, having an episode of delirium was associated with long LOS (highest quartile), OR of 5.29 (95% CI 1.92 to 14.56, p<0.001). In the final multivariable model, adjusting for any (non-delirium) in-hospital complication, delirium was independently associated with long LOS (≥16 days; OR 4.81, p=0.005).DiscussionIn this study, delirium was common. History of dementia and baseline frailty were associated with increased risk. Delirium was independently associated with long LOS. However, many patients did not undergo standardized screening at admission. Early identification and targeted management of older patients at risk of delirium may reduce incidence and improve care of this vulnerable cohort. These data are hypothesis generating, but support the need for initiatives which improve delirium care, acknowledging the complex interplay between frailty and other geriatric syndromes in the older trauma patients.Level of evidenceIII.

scholarly journals The independent patient factors that affect length of stay following hip fractures

2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 556-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Richards ◽  
A Glendenning ◽  
D Benson ◽  
S Alexander ◽  
S Thati
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Acute Hospital ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Patient Factors ◽  
Mobility Status

Introduction Management of hip fractures has evolved over recent years to drive better outcomes including length of hospital stay. We aimed to identify and quantify the effect that patient factors influence acute hospital and total health service length of stay. Methods A retrospective observational study based on National Hip Fracture Database data was conducted from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2015. A multiple regression analysis of 330 patients was carried out to determine independent factors that affect acute hospital and total hospital length of stay. Results American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade 3 or above, Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS) less than 8 and poor mobility status were independent factors, significantly increasing length of hospital stay in our population. Acute hospital length of stay can be predicted as 8.9 days longer when AMTS less than 8, 4.2 days longer when ASA grade was 3 or above and 20.4 days longer when unable to mobilise unaided (compared with independently mobile individuals). Other factors including total hip replacement compared with hemiarthroplasty did not independently affect length of stay. Conclusions Our analysis in a representative and generalisable population illustrates the importance of identifying these three patient characteristics in hip fracture patients. When recognised and targeted with orthogeriatric support, the length of hospital stay for these patients can be reduced and overall hip fracture care improved. Screening on admission for ASA grade, AMTS and mobility status allows prediction of length of stay and tailoring of care to match needs.

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