Verbalism and the Blind: A Critical Review of the Concept and the Literature

1966 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 525-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Dokecki
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Conceptual Thinking ◽  
Methodological Problems

The present paper presents current theorizing in psycholinguistics which points up the inadequacy of the notion that verbalisms (nonsensory based words) are meaningless and detrimental to conceptual thinking in the blind. The failure to acknowledge the word-word nature of meaning is cited as the significant flaw in the development of the verbalism construct. A review of the literature indicates some of the methodological problems in research on verbalism. Suggestions for future research on the phenomenon are presented.

Poverty and adolescent developmental outcomes: a critical review

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet T.Y. Leung ◽  
Daniel T.L. Shek
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Family Processes ◽  
Psychological Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Conceptual Problems ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper reviews the impact of poverty on adolescent developmental outcomes. Based on a review of the literature, the impact of poverty on the psychological development of adolescents, the pathways through which poverty operates, and the protective factors of adolescents from the impact of poverty are outlined. The review showed conceptual problems in the literature, including the neglect of attention paid to cultural diversity and intervening processes between poverty and child developmental outcomes. This review also highlights methodological challenges, including the lack of longitudinal and qualitative studies in the field and the problems of using single informant perspective to study dynamic family processes. Recommendations for directions of future research are offered.

Religion in Childhood and Adolescence: How should it be studied? A Critical Review of Problems and Challenges in Methodology and Research

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Schweitzer
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Interpretive Frameworks

This article discusses the question of how religion in childhood and adolescence should be studied. More exactly, the focus is on problems of methodology and research which are discussed in relationship to religion in childhood and adolescence. It does not present a handbook type of overview, however, but is focused on problems and challenges for future research. Four questions are addressed specifically: How can empirical research do justice to the special nature of religion in childhood and adolescence? What are the implications of viewing religion within non-religious interpretive frameworks? What methodological problems do we have to face concerning religion in childhood and adolescence? What interdisciplinary challenges can be identified in this context? The final section relates these questions to the main topic of the present publication by stating a number or criteria, i.e., criteria related to the concept of religion to be used in research across different approaches and disciplines.

Contrarian and momentum trading: a review of the literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilios C. Galariotis
Keyword(s):  
Asset Pricing ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Investment Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Momentum Trading ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to critically review the literature on contrarian and momentum trading strategies and identify areas for future research. Design/methodology/approach – Critical review and discussion of the literature. Findings – The extant literature is dynamic and is typified by a number of open questions. Research limitations/implications – The open questions in the literature relate mainly to the driving forces of investment performance, and the role of risk and asset pricing as well as behavioral human traits. The literature is vast and therefore difficult to classify, cover and discuss. Practical implications – The paper indicates the possible need for: the development of different asset pricing models and propositions that can have practical implications at a more international context. Originality/value – The paper provides a critical review of the literature and identifies open issues for future research.

Parents’ Speech and Children’s Stuttering: A Critique of the Literature

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 978-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn A. Nippold ◽  
Mishelle Rudzinski
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Question Asking ◽  
Speech Behaviors ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
The Way

The role of parents in relation to their children’s stuttering has been of great interest to speech-language pathologists for more than 50 years. As part of treatment, speech-language pathologists frequently advise parents to modify their speech behaviors when talking with their children. For example, parents are often told to speak more slowly and to refrain from interrupting or questioning the child excessively. Given the commonness of this advice, it is important to examine the research upon which it is based. This article contains a critical review of the literature concerning the role of parents’ speech behaviors (e.g., rate, interruptions, question-asking) in relation to their children’s stuttering. Published studies are reported and analyzed in order to determine the extent to which parents may affect their children’s stuttering through their own speech behaviors. The review indicates that there is little convincing evidence to support the view that parents of children who stutter differ from parents of children who do not stutter in the way they talk with their children. Similarly, there is little objective support for the argument that parents’ speech behaviors contribute to children’s stuttering or that modifying parents’ speech behaviors facilitates children’s fluency. Implications for treatment and for future research are discussed.

Tutoring Learning Disabled Students: A Critical Review

1985 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Scruggs ◽  
Lori Richter
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Disabled Students ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Empirical Investigations

Twenty-four empirical investigations of tutoring interventions were evaluated. Although all authors favored their use, equivocal results were reported. Particularly weak were substantiated reports of social benefits to tutors or tutees. Methodological problems associated with such research in field settings are discussed, and implications for future research are given.

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