Teaching forensic pathology to undergraduates at Zhongshan School of Medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Nan Zhou ◽  
Qiu-ping Wu ◽  
Terry Su ◽  
Qian-hao Zhao ◽  
Kun Yin ◽  
...  

Producing qualified forensic pathological practitioners is a common difficulty around the world. In China, forensic pathology is one of the required major subspecialties for undergraduates majoring in forensic medicine, in contrast to forensic education in Western countries where forensic pathology is often optional. The enduring predicament is that the professional qualities and abilities of forensic students from different institutions vary due to the lack of an efficient forensic pedagogical model. The purpose of this article is to describe the new pedagogical model of forensic pathology at Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, which is characterised by: (a) imparting a broad view of forensic pathology and basic knowledge of duties and tasks in future careers to students; (b) educating students in primary skills on legal and medical issues, as well as advanced forensic pathological techniques; (c) providing students with resources to broaden their professional minds, and opportunities to improve their professional qualities and abilities; and (d) mentoring students on occupational preparation and further forensic education. In the past few years, this model has resulted in numerous notable forensic students accomplishing achievements in forensic practice and forensic scientific research. We therefore expect this pedagogical model to establish the foundation for forensic pathological education and other subspecialties of forensic medicine in China and abroad.

In current forensic medicine practice, the need for the development of new, scientifically based approaches and methods of forensic medical identification is still very important. The number of left-handed people in the world varies from 5 to 30 %, and it can be useful in forensic practice. The possibility of establishing a dominating hand based on the intensity of dental caries (CFE - CARIES-FILLIN-EXTRACTION index) was studied. Taking into consideration the intensity of caries damage to the teeth on the right and left sides of right-handed, left-handed and ambidextras people, we offered and calculated the CFE difference index: «CFE on the right – CFE on the left». Significant differences in the CFE indexes can help to determine what hand has been predominant and it might be useful for forensic specialists.


eLight ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Chen ◽  
Mordechai Segev

AbstractLet there be light–to change the world we want to be! Over the past several decades, and ever since the birth of the first laser, mankind has witnessed the development of the science of light, as light-based technologies have revolutionarily changed our lives. Needless to say, photonics has now penetrated into many aspects of science and technology, turning into an important and dynamically changing field of increasing interdisciplinary interest. In this inaugural issue of eLight, we highlight a few emerging trends in photonics that we think are likely to have major impact at least in the upcoming decade, spanning from integrated quantum photonics and quantum computing, through topological/non-Hermitian photonics and topological insulator lasers, to AI-empowered nanophotonics and photonic machine learning. This Perspective is by no means an attempt to summarize all the latest advances in photonics, yet we wish our subjective vision could fuel inspiration and foster excitement in scientific research especially for young researchers who love the science of light.


In both scientific research and public interest over the past two decades there has been a growing attention to environmental matters. This volume presents the views of a number of leading figures concerning the nature of environmental consciousness and the emergence of connections linking globalization (processes of intensifying social, political, and economic networks), globalism (our sense of the world as a whole), specific environments (such as rainforests or cities), and environmentalism (expressed in the activities of social movement organizations).


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-39
Author(s):  
Michael Cheng

Dear Editor, It is clear that potential COVID pandemics will be recurring events and the use of PPE is basic and vital.  Everyone will need such simple devices to protect themselves and others.  The consequence of no PPE protection could be disastrous for global health!  Stockpiling PPE is not for everyone.  Healthcare facilities in low resources countries have limited PPE supplies.  Furthermore, transportation and distribution across the country are problems, particularly in rural areas.  Home-made PPE is the most practical solution but this needs effective global efforts to educate and guide global populations.  In the past 3 months, the IFMBE/CED, in collaboration with WHO and different professionals, has conducted an excellent series of webinars to inform the world about medical devices in combating the Covid-19 pandemic bringing invaluable information for global healthcare.  We wonder if IFMBE/CED would pioneer another important initiative to advocate, and together with WHO, to co-ordinate the resources from different organizations and individual professionals to compose a manual on home-made PPE’s with basic knowledge on cleaning and sterilization so that laypersons can make PPE to protect themselves and others.  A highly successful public health education publication “Where there is no doctors” [1] is an example. Preventing SARS and other flu disease is a global problem currently relies mainly on isolated and scattered national solutions.  It is urgent that international organizations such as IFMBE and WHO provide trusted advice to countries worldwide to create a global protection-sensitive culture against pandemics.    


Author(s):  
Herwig Schopper

AbstractSince old ages it has been one of the noble aspirations of humankind to understand the world in which we are living. In addition to our immediate environment, planet earth, two more remote frontiers have attracted interest: the infinitely small and the infinitely large. A flood of new experimental and theoretical results obtained during the past decades has provided a completely new picture of the micro- and macrocosm and surprisingly intimate relations have been discovered between the two. It turned out that the understanding of elementary particles and the forces acting between them is extremely relevant for our perception of the cosmological development. Quite often scientific research is supported because it is the basis for technical progress and for the material well-being of humans. The exploration of the microcosm and the universe contributes to this goal only indirectly by the development of better instruments and new techniques. However, it tries to answer some fundamental questions which are essential to understand the origins, the environment and the conditions for the existence of humankind and thus is an essential part of the cultural heritage.


2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber Kiri Aranui

For the past 20 years, the main focus of repatriation-related publications has been how the return of human remains has affected the institutions in which the remains reside. Be that with regard to the loss to science or public good, or changes in the way human remains are now cared for, treated, displayed, and stored. But what about the effects on the descendant communities from which these remains originate? There are some examples of Indigenous perspectives regarding the importance of repatriation in the literature, but these are few and far between by comparison. This article examines the importance of returning Māori ancestral remains back to descendant communities, and the development of the repatriation movement in Aotearoa New Zealand. The ethical consideration relating to research on Māori ancestral remains is also explored to understand how scientific research is viewed and used in the Aotearoa New Zealand context. Certain academics and scientists have commented over the years that repatriation is a loss to science and a purely political ploy. It is hoped that by sharing some of the impacts that are dealt with from a Māori perspective, that there is a better understanding of how this effects indigenous communities all around the world.


Author(s):  
S. R. Hulathduwa

Forensic medicine is the science (as well as the art) of applying medical knowledge, skills (and perhaps even the attitudes) to assist in the process of execution of justice. Forensic medicine is broadly divided into clinical forensic medicine and forensic pathology though the boundaries between the two are merging. Forensic pathology is not a pure science as it is nurtured by many other sciences, sociological/criminological disciplines and law. The principle role of forensic pathology today is to deal with numerous medico-legal issues pertaining to all forms of deaths. To achieve this, the principle approach of forensic pathology today in most of the institutions globally is conducting a standard autopsy. In this review article, we expect to discuss the  historical development of forensic pathology up to what it is today, its present role and scope as well as the predictable future of forensic pathology with the recent developments of technology.


Author(s):  
John Mansfield

Advances in camera technology and digital instrument control have meant that in modern microscopy, the image that was, in the past, typically recorded on a piece of film is now recorded directly into a computer. The transfer of the analog image seen in the microscope to the digitized picture in the computer does not mean, however, that the problems associated with recording images, analyzing them, and preparing them for publication, have all miraculously been solved. The steps involved in the recording an image to film remain largely intact in the digital world. The image is recorded, prepared for measurement in some way, analyzed, and then prepared for presentation.Digital image acquisition schemes are largely the realm of the microscope manufacturers, however, there are also a multitude of “homemade” acquisition systems in microscope laboratories around the world. It is not the mission of this tutorial to deal with the various acquisition systems, but rather to introduce the novice user to rudimentary image processing and measurement.


This paper critically analyzes the symbolic use of rain in A Farewell to Arms (1929). The researcher has applied the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis as a research tool for the analysis of the text. This hypothesis argues that the languages spoken by a person determine how one observes this world and that the peculiarities encoded in each language are all different from one another. It affirms that speakers of different languages reflect the world in pretty different ways. Hemingway’s symbolic use of rain in A Farewell to Arms (1929) is denotative, connotative, and ironical. The narrator and protagonist, Frederick Henry symbolically embodies his own perceptions about the world around him. He time and again talks about rain when something embarrassing is about to ensue like disease, injury, arrest, retreat, defeat, escape, and even death. Secondly, Hemingway has connotatively used rain as a cleansing agent for washing the past memories out of his mind. Finally, the author has ironically used rain as a symbol when Henry insists on his love with Catherine Barkley while the latter being afraid of the rain finds herself dead in it.


The Eye ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (128) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Gregory DeNaeyer

The world-wide use of scleral contact lenses has dramatically increased over the past 10 year and has changed the way that we manage patients with corneal irregularity. Successfully fitting them can be challenging especially for eyes that have significant asymmetries of the cornea or sclera. The future of scleral lens fitting is utilizing corneo-scleral topography to accurately measure the anterior ocular surface and then using software to design lenses that identically match the scleral surface and evenly vault the cornea. This process allows the practitioner to efficiently fit a customized scleral lens that successfully provides the patient with comfortable wear and improved vision.


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