Essai d'interprétation historique de la réforme sociale et de l'action ecclésiale au Costa Rica

1983 ◽  
Vol 30 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 299-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Fernandez Vasquez
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Democrat ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Church

This article brings out the impact of social, economic and political processes on the Church's action in Costa Rica between 1940 and 1982. We can detect various types of relations which have developed, over the years, between the State and the Church. A distinction is put forward between three periods which are important for an understanding of the change. Ideological inter dependence and the ecclesiastical machinery's support for social democrat reformism seem to characterize the period under consi deration.

Poland

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detlef Pollack ◽  
Gergely Rosta
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Culture ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Pope John Paul Ii ◽  
National Values ◽  
The Impact ◽  
State Socialist ◽  
The Church

The chapter on Poland focuses on two questions. Why, in contrast to all other state-socialist countries, did the church’s capacity for integration actually increase rather than decrease despite persecution and discrimination during the communist period? And why has this capacity also remained more or less constant (albeit to a lesser extent) in the period since the end of communist rule? The authors have identified four key factors in the remarkable resistance of the Polish Catholic Church during the period of communist persecution: the fusion of religious and national values, the specific conflict dynamics of the church’s struggle with the state, the structural conservatism of agricultural production in Poland, and the actions of Pope John Paul II. Explanations for the surprising stability of religiosity in Poland after 1990 point to the behaviour of the Church itself, to the internal pluralization of Catholicism, and to the impact of a homogeneous religious culture.

Water Resources Management

2014 ◽  
pp. 180-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabyasachi Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
The State ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Partnership Approach ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter explores grassroots interventions by forging partnerships with stakeholders in improving the management of water resources at the community level. In order to gain insight into the nuances of managing water resources in partnership, a pilot study was instituted in the State of Rajasthan, India. The efficacy of the partnership approach in ensuring equitable water management is demonstrated. The analysis is supported by data collected through the administration of a questionnaire for five different stakeholders. The impact of the intervention reiterates the positive social, economic, and environmental outcomes in a more sustainable manner.

scholarly journals Operational and investigative activities in places of imprisonment: new realities

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (40) ◽  
pp. 201-211
Author(s):  
Serhii Yehorov ◽  
Taras Shchurat ◽  
Yevgen Polyakov ◽  
Dmytro Tsekhan
Keyword(s):  
Public Involvement ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
The State ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Impact

One of the factors influencing the effectiveness of sustainable development of the society is the state of the organization of the fight against crime, which is an integral part of any community. The success of the models of influence on crime chosen by the state depends on: the structure and dynamics of criminal activity in society; the intensity of the processes of self-reproduction of crime; the extent of public involvement in illegal social practices; the impact of criminal structures on economic, and political processes. The purpose of the work is to analyze the nature and structure of operational and investigative activities in places of imprisonment. The research methodology: dialectical method; method of analysis; formal-logical methods; synthesis method; system-structural method; methods of induction and deduction; statistical methods; and method of scientific abstraction. As a result of the study, the authors of the article came to the conclusion that operational and investigative activities in places of imprisonment are specific activities that differ significantly from other areas of operational and investigative activities, and require serious theoretical consideration.

The Impact of Federalism on Mexican Church-State Relations, 1824-1835: The Case of the State of Mexico

1984 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-529
Author(s):  
Charles W. Macune
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Royal Authority ◽  
Independence Movement ◽  
Church State Relations ◽  
State Relations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Church

A number of first-rate scholarly studies in recent years have considerably enhanced our understanding of the troubled, sometimes tumultuous, relationship between the state and the Mexican Church in the century stretching from the reign of Charles III (1759-1788) to the era of Benito Juárez (1855-1876). Nancy Farriss, for example, has detailed the Bourbon drive to exert royal authority over the conduct and activities of the powerful and influential clergy and the latter's claim to exemption from that authority. Farriss, Karl Schmitt, and James Breedlove have demonstrated the connection between the state ecclesiastical reforms and the clergy's decisive role in the Mexican independence movement culminating in 1821. Ann Staples has ably ventured an overview of Church-state relations in the crucial but long-neglected early independence period of the first federal republic, 1824-1835. Michael Costeloe, Asunción Lavrin, Jan Bazant, Brian Hamnet, and Robert Knowlton have examined some of the Church's key economic activities and the impact of state reforms upon each. State policy toward the Church in the northern Mexican borderlands has received the attention of C. Alan Hutchinson, Manuel P. Servín, David J. Weber, John L. Kessell, Lawrence and Lucia Kinnaird, and others. Together with earlier works, these studies have documented a drama which began with the absolutistinspired reforms by the Crown, which regarded ecclesiastical privilege and power as incompatible with its own interests, and ended violently with the political and economic power of the Church and its clergy severely reduced and subordinated to the secular state.

Water Resources Management

2016 ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
Sabyasachi Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
The State ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Partnership Approach ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter explores grassroots interventions by forging partnerships with stakeholders in improving the management of water resources at the community level. In order to gain insight into the nuances of managing water resources in partnership, a pilot study was instituted in the State of Rajasthan, India. The efficacy of the partnership approach in ensuring equitable water management is demonstrated. The analysis is supported by data collected through the administration of a questionnaire for five different stakeholders. The impact of the intervention reiterates the positive social, economic, and environmental outcomes in a more sustainable manner.

Domestic Capital, Civil Servants and the State: Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic under Globalisation

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIEGO SÁNCHEZ ANCOCHEA
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Domestic Capital ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Historical Trajectory ◽  
The Impact

This article studies the impact of neoliberal globalisation on the relative strength of different social actors and on the relations between these actors and the state in Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic. In particular, the article analyses the responses of large domestic capitalists to the new global environment and to the new policies implemented, as well as the effect of these policies on public servants (who have traditionally been an influential political force, at least in Costa Rica). The paper makes two basic claims. First, globalisation has had some common effects on the politico-economic structures of Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic, despite the vastly different historical trajectory of state–society relations in the two countries. In both countries, there has been an increasing concentration and financialisation of capital and a weakening of the state bureaucracy. Second, these changes in the politico-economic structure have imposed new, country-specific constraints for the consolidation of the neoliberal economic model, signalling the need to introduce institutional reforms in the near future.

scholarly journals Diocesan Codices Unveiling Local History: First Presentation of The 'Codex of Gjirokastër' (S. Albania)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Giakoumis
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Local History ◽  
The State ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Ecclesiastical Administration ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

The present paper presents a first set of conclusions drawn from the study of the “Codex of Gjirokastër”. Compiled upon the accession of Bishop Dositheos of Dryinoupolis and Gjirokastër, the codex extends from 1760 to 1858, namely well beyond the end of his prelacy (1760-1799). Kept in the Metropolis of Gjirokastër until shortly before the Italian bombardment of the city, the codex was transferred to Tirana. Previously thought to be lost, it is now held in the Archives of the State, under the classification number F. 139, D. 2. It is written in Greek, the official language of the Church at that period, and records several documents that reflect the competences and privileges that Christian prelates enjoyed at least in issues of ecclesiastical administration and civil law. The focus here is first on the role of laymen in the accession of Bishop Dositheos in the Diocese of Dryinoupolis, then on the issue of divorces in the regions of Gjirokastër between 1786 and 1858. Placing the “Codex of Dositheos” in its context, the study underlines the importance of diocesan codices as documents of religious, cultural, social, economic, educational, administrational and juridical history.

scholarly journals The influence of government institutions on the process of integration of people with disabilities into socio-political life

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Andrii Zhorniak
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the impact of political processes caused by political decisions of various branches of government, and their consequences for the participation of persons with disabilities in the socio-political life of the state. The legislation of Ukraine on the regulation of public relations in terms of integration of persons with disabilities into society through employment is analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the dynamics of growth in the number of people with disabilities, which is associated with the general aging of the population and increasing the risk of disability, the reduction of economic activity in this category, which in some countries translates it into subsidies at the state level. The normative regulation of integration processes and stimulation of labor activity of persons with disabilities in the developed countries of the world is considered. It was found that the policy aimed at social integration of people with special needs needs to be modernized and improved at all levels, including the activities of local governments, national and international level. The author notes that only in synergy and joint work, using common socio-political tools, it is possible to achieve the inclusion of people with disabilities in the life of communities and achieve high results in the development of the state. Based on the declared, defined in the Constitution of Ukraine content, activities, directions and direction of development of the state in relation to the citizen of Ukraine, it is proved that the relationship of every citizen, not excluding people with special needs, should be considered as a union of power-man relations. And if a person with a disability has the right, it means that the state is obliged to provide him with the opportunity to exercise this right. It was stressed that social security, which guarantees the right of a citizen to a decent standard of living, should not be limited to the payment of benefits, subsidies, but should be aimed at creating conditions for "disclosure" in various spheres of public life, including formal employment. It is proved that in Ukraine there are measures to create conditions aimed at socialization and participation of persons with disabilities in the life of the state. But given that at the constitutional level, persons with disabilities have equal rights along with other categories of citizens, there is a need to amend the Constitution in order to improve the legal framework for persons with disabilities, as the terms "equality" and "non-discrimination" in relation to the disabled are not identical and differ significantly in content. According to the author, this will allow to realize the strategic goal of a modern civilized state - to provide high living standards for its citizens, taking into account the category of people with special needs.

The Impact of Federalism on Mexican Church-State Relations, 1824-1835: The Case of the State of Mexico

1984 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 505-529
Author(s):  
Charles W. Macune
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Royal Authority ◽  
Independence Movement ◽  
Church State Relations ◽  
State Relations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Church

A number of first-rate scholarly studies in recent years have considerably enhanced our understanding of the troubled, sometimes tumultuous, relationship between the state and the Mexican Church in the century stretching from the reign of Charles III (1759-1788) to the era of Benito Juárez (1855-1876). Nancy Farriss, for example, has detailed the Bourbon drive to exert royal authority over the conduct and activities of the powerful and influential clergy and the latter's claim to exemption from that authority. Farriss, Karl Schmitt, and James Breedlove have demonstrated the connection between the state ecclesiastical reforms and the clergy's decisive role in the Mexican independence movement culminating in 1821. Ann Staples has ably ventured an overview of Church-state relations in the crucial but long-neglected early independence period of the first federal republic, 1824-1835. Michael Costeloe, Asunción Lavrin, Jan Bazant, Brian Hamnet, and Robert Knowlton have examined some of the Church's key economic activities and the impact of state reforms upon each. State policy toward the Church in the northern Mexican borderlands has received the attention of C. Alan Hutchinson, Manuel P. Servín, David J. Weber, John L. Kessell, Lawrence and Lucia Kinnaird, and others. Together with earlier works, these studies have documented a drama which began with the absolutistinspired reforms by the Crown, which regarded ecclesiastical privilege and power as incompatible with its own interests, and ended violently with the political and economic power of the Church and its clergy severely reduced and subordinated to the secular state.

Thinking socially: why it matters

Theology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-284
Author(s):  
Sean Cathie
Keyword(s):  
Pastoral Care ◽  
The State ◽  
Theological Reflection ◽  
Church Membership ◽  
Effective Practice ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Church

This article argues that a failure to draw on social and contextual perspectives, in both pastoral care and theological reflection, is behind failures in effective practice and theological reflection. This is demonstrated by reference to the clergy’s experience of pastoral care and some recent examples of theological reflection on the state of the Church today. Missing in both cases is reference to the social and contextual consequences of the catastrophic decline in church membership of the ‘long 1960s’. It is suggested that ignoring these factors reflects the impact of the decline.

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