Children’s emerging ability to discriminate L1-varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irmtraud Kaiser ◽  
Gudrun Kasberger
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Language Variation ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
German Language ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Local Dialect ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
German Standard ◽  
Abstract Categories

Children in Austria are exposed to a large amount of variation within the German language. Most children grow up with a local dialect, German standard language and ‘intermediate’ varieties summarized as ‘Umgangssprache’. Using an ABX design, this study analyses when Austrian children are able to discriminate native varieties of their L1 German (standard German vs local dialect). The results show children’s early ability to register differences and similarities on an across-speaker level when sentences are held constant (i.e. to discriminate translation equivalents in the two varieties) and a later, rather sudden emergence of more abstract categories of the varieties, which encompass different phonological and lexical variables and enable children to match sentences which also differ lexically. In sum, discrimination ability seems to be relatively stable and consistent at the age of 8/9. Other than age, the mother’s educational background, language variation at home and the immediate sociolinguistic setting (urban/rural) predict children’s discrimination performance.

Variasi dan Register Bahasa dalam Pengajaran Sosiolinguistik

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Sunahrowi Sunahrowi
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Language Variation ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Local Dialect ◽  
Social Classification ◽  
Social Circumstance

 Teaching sociolinguistics is so important since it involves at least two disciplines, i.e. social studies and lingusitics. Sociolinguistics is a study of language linking to social circumstance. There are so many varieties of social classification, such as sex, age, status and classes in collective life that rise so many languange variation. Language variation is usually influenced by at least three factors; geographical area that rise local dialect, social factors relating to social classes and status, and educational background. Those aspects develop social dialect and register. Keywords: Variation, Register, Sociolinguistics, and Teaching.

The Influence of the Psychophysical Assessment Paradigm on Pitch Discrimination for Adults (and a Pilot Sample of Children)

2021 ◽  
pp. 003151252110440
Author(s):  
Ashley G. Flagge ◽  
Lucile Puranen ◽  
Madhuri S. Mulekar
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Pitch Discrimination ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Discrimination Accuracy ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Research Paradigms ◽  
Pilot Sample ◽  
Pattern Of Performance

Pitch discrimination ability has been of research interest due to its potential relationship to language and literacy. However, assessment protocols for pitch discrimination have varied widely. Prior studies with both children and adults have produced conflicting performance findings across different pitch discrimination research paradigms, though they have consistently shown that discrimination accuracy is based on the psychophysical assessment method applied. In the present study, we examined pitch discrimination performance among convenience samples of 19 adult women and ten female children across six different adaptive psychophysical measurement conditions. We found pitch discrimination performance in both groups to be impacted by the measurement paradigm such that, while adults exhibited significantly better discrimination thresholds than did children, the pattern of performance across the six conditions was similar for both the adults and the children.

Segregated vowels: Language variation and dialect features among Gothenburg youth

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Gross
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Language Variation ◽  
Local Dialect ◽  
Housing Segregation ◽  
Vowel Systems

AbstractThis paper examines the effects of housing segregation on variation in the vowel systems of young speakers of Swedish who have grown up in different neighborhoods of Gothenburg. Significant differences are found for variants of the variables /i:/ and /y:/, which are strongly associated with the local dialect; these two vowels also exhibit coherence. Another vowel pair, /ε:/ and /ø:/, are involved in a coherent leveling process affecting many of the central Swedish dialects but differing in degree of openness in different neighborhoods of Gothenburg. The results show that the variation is not simply a reflection of foreign background, nor of groups of youth adopting single variants; rather, a number of social factors conflate in housing segregation, which interferes with the transmission of more abstract aspects of the local dialect's vowel system to young speakers in certain neighborhoods.

Constructing the (m)other: A-prefixing, stance, and the lessons of motherhood

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Burkette
Keyword(s):  
Language Variation ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Appalachian English ◽  
Local Dialect ◽  
Conversational Narrative ◽  
Mother And Daughter

AbstractThe present study examines two unprompted versions of the same story, related by a mother and daughter in separate sociolinguistic interviews. Following a quantitative intraspeaker comparison of their use of grammatical features associated with Appalachian English within the entirety of their interviews, this study undertakes a close reading of the narratives (along with additional passages from the daughter) to demonstrate the manner in which the two women construct their identities as “mother” and as “other” through conversational narrative and the use of local dialect features. Specifically, this article addresses the use of regional grammatical variables to enact speaker stances toward mothering, focusing on two women's independent recollections of a single incident and how these narratives dialogically construct the (m)other. (Language variation, Appalachian English, stancetaking, motherhood)*

scholarly journals Normal development of pattern motion sensitivity in macaque monkeys

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 675-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
CYNTHIA HALL-HARO ◽  
LYNNE KIORPES
Keyword(s):  
Motion Perception ◽  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Macaca Nemestrina ◽  
Global Motion ◽  
Complex Motion ◽  
Motion Sensitivity ◽  
Macaque Monkeys ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Pattern Motion ◽  
Neurophysiological Data

AbstractWe studied the development of sensitivity to complex motion using plaid patterns. We hypothesized, based on neurophysiological data showing a dearth of pattern direction–selective (PDS) cells in area medial temporal (MT) of infant macaques, that sensitivity to pattern motion would develop later than other forms of global motion sensitivity. We tested 10 macaque monkeys (Macaca nemestrina) ranging in age from 7 weeks to 109–160 weeks (adult). The monkeys discriminated horizontal from vertical pattern motion; sensitivity for one-dimensional (1D) direction discrimination and detection were tested as control tasks. The results show that pattern motion discrimination ability develops relatively late, between 10 and 18 weeks, while performance on the 1D control tasks was excellent at the earliest test ages. Plaid discrimination performance depends on both the speed and spatial scale of the underlying patterns. However, development is not limited by contrast sensitivity. These results support the idea that pattern motion perception depends on a different mechanism than other forms of global motion perception and are consistent with the idea that the representation of PDS neurons in MT may limit the development of complex motion perception.

scholarly journals Teenagers’ Language Use in Batam: Language Variation

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhardianto Suhardianto
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Language Variation ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Regional Language

This research is aimed to figure out the phenomenon of language variation that is used among teenagers in Batam. The language variations which are created by teenagers contrast to the standard language formula. The aplication of that language can massively affect the standard language used in every formal situation. Knowing the basic knowledge about the variation, how are the process of constructing the non-standard language and the aspect of language can help the teenagers to avoid the devastating of standard language. The result of the research showed that in daily conversation among teenagers in Batam, the teenagers mostly used the non-standard language in their interaction involving the slang and colloquial languages. The use of these languages were frequently mixed by other languages, such as English language and regional language that teenagers imitated from Jakarta. Moreover, teenagers mostly used the slang and colloquial languages in the informal situation.Keywords: Language variation, slang, colloquial.

scholarly journals Alemannisch und der Deutschunterricht.

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-409
Author(s):  
Raphael Berthele
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Language Education ◽  
German Language ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Swiss German ◽  
Multilingual Education ◽  
The Media ◽  
Language Norms

In this contribution, I describe the evolution of the role that Alemannic dialects and Standard High German play in the Swiss German educational context. Drawing on a content analysis of a collection of school-related documents from 1950 to 2014, I describe the change in the roles attributed to dialects and the standard language, respectively. The task of German-language education shifts from the two-fold goal of teaching standard-language literacy and cultivating the “pure” dialect in the 1950s to a clear prioritization of standard language skills both in orality and in literacy towards the end of the twentieth century. I discuss these changes in relation to the backdrop of the media discourse on identity, language, multilingual education, language norms, and other social issues such as migration.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LITERATURE OF THE GERMAN LANGUAGE. PHONETIC ASPECTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
N. Levitska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Social Life ◽  
German Language ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
German Standard ◽  
Language Norms ◽  
Written Word ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Norm Evolution

Linguists emphasize the importance of a structural-systematic approach to language learning, which helps to increase interest in solving the problem of language normativeness. The term “norm”, like many other terms in linguistics, is polysemous. At the same time, an important and still insufficiently disclosed aspect of the study of language norms is the definition of its essence in nationally heterogeneous languages, in particular in German standard language, which actualizes the study of autonomous norms of national variants of German, their identical and nationally specific features. Understanding the uniqueness of the codification of phonetic realities in the German language is relevant in the context of the traditions of Western European lexicography and the process of globalization and increasingly affects the linguistic spheres. The article is dedicated to the study of the notion of German orthoepic norm, the problem of its definition and mechanisms of its formation. The notion of the norm is rather ambiguous and its different aspects are usually highlighted by scientists when giving its definition. Generally they mark out two principal dimensions in the notion of the norm: the objective norm and the subjective norm. In conditions of community development, continuous linguistic and social changes, interdependent and interacting, the norm is a fundamental regulator of speech activity. It is clear that normative speech is the obligatory sign of well-educated, cultured person and the culture of sounding speech is an important aspect of national culture such as the culture of written word, communication or social life in general. The orthoepic German norm has been evolved in the process of Germanlanguage development. It is absolutely related to historical, social and culture processes. The norms are not invented by philologists, they reflect a certain stage of literary language development. In the article the role of the norm and its place in the language is defined and norm evolution in the process of language establishment and development is considered

scholarly journals Language Variation in Minang Colloquial Language Spoken in Kabun region: Sociolinguistic Study on Millennial Citizens

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Condra Antoni ◽  
Irham Irham ◽  
Gusna Ronsi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Language Variation ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Colloquial Language ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Data Source

Despite the endless discussion on standard and non-standard language, Minangkabau and its dialect have less attention from scholars to study. This paper, therefore, aims to elaborate and compare the variation of Minang colloquial language and Sijunjung dialect spoken in Kabun region. Sociolinguistic theory on language variation and contact were employed to reveal such differences. In terms of data collection, we make use of Buffalo Trophy" as the data source and transcribe some potential words that fit the criteria. Afterward, we ask Sijunjung speakers to respond to those words. This process is recorded in a way to get sufficient interpretation of the possible variation among speakers. This study revealed that Minang and Sijunjung have several prominent dissimilarities in terms of phonological aspects. The changes occur from alveolar /r/ to voiced velar fricative /gh/, from /r/-/w/, from /a/-/o/, and /a/- /aw/. The findings confirmed that Minang as a standard language has phonological variations in Sijunjung dialect. Some of them may carry out new meanings, but the rest may not.

Mapping Perceptions of Language Variation in Wisconsin

2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-102
Author(s):  
Sarah Braun
Keyword(s):  
Language Variation ◽  
The State ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Systematic Comparison ◽  
Perceptual Dialectology ◽  
The North ◽  
Language Differentiation ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Composite Maps

This article investigates whether residents of central Wisconsin perceive language variation within their state and, if they do, what it looks like according to them. To achieve these aims, this study examines the perspectives of one central Wisconsin community regarding internal language differentiation within the state. It follows the perceptual dialectology paradigm, based on work by Dennis Preston, in that it studies how nonlinguists view language variation within Wisconsin. Respondents completed Preston’s draw-a-map task, which additionally asked them to label each indicated area. The drawn boundaries were digitalized using ArcGIS to create composite maps to allow for systematic comparison. The labels provided by the respondents were analyzed to see how this group of Wisconsin residents views the speech of each identified region and thus to see whether there are distinctly enregistered dialects within Wisconsin for these respondents. Findings show three distinctly perceived areas within the state: the Milwaukee area, the north of the state, and the participants’ own area, central Wisconsin. The analysis of the labels indicates that an urban-rural divide is at play for perception of the first two mentioned areas, whereas perceptioin of the latter identified area reflects the belief in a regionally located standard variety.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document