Defiers of Negative Prediction: A 14-Year Follow-up Study of Legally Blind Children

1991 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.D. Freeman ◽  
E. Goetz ◽  
D.P. Richards ◽  
M. Groenveld
Keyword(s):  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Negative Prediction ◽  
Blind Children ◽  
Blind Persons ◽  
Better Than

This article reports the results of a 1987–88 follow-up study of 69 out of 92 legally blind persons who were children in the original 1973–74 study. Semistructured psychiatric cointerviews were conducted to determine how well the participants had fared compared to the prognoses in the first study. Overall, it was found that they were functioning as well as or better than expected.

Surgical treatment of laterally ruptured cervical disc

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Murphey ◽  
James C. H. Simmons ◽  
Bruce Brunson
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Cervical Disc ◽  
Root Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Arm Pain ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Neurosurgical Operation ◽  
Better Than

✓ From the analysis of 648 patients operated on for ruptured cervical discs between 1939 and March of 1972 and a follow-up study of 380 of these patients, the following conclusions seem justified. Osteophytes or hypertrophic spurs rarely produced the classical clinical picture or deficits. Ninety per cent of the patients awakened in the morning with pain in the neck and rhomboid region. Ten per cent had a history of injury, but there was no characteristic pattern as in lumbar discs. Only one patient had a typical hyperextension injury. Anterior chest pain occurred in one-fifth of the cases. Pain in the neck, rhomboid region, and anterior chest was referred from the discs, while the arm pain was usually the result of nerve root compression; however, in a few cases the degenerating disc caused referred pain to the arm without any nerve root pressure. Since accurate diagnosis can be made on clinical grounds, myelography is not necessary in most cases. In our experience conservative treatment was usually unsuccessful while the surgical results were better than in almost any other neurosurgical operation. The nerve root syndromes associated with extruded lateral cervical discs are outlined and the indications and contraindications for myelography discussed.

A Ten-Year Follow-up Study of Deaf-Blind Children

1984 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Scott Curtis ◽  
Edward T. Donlon
Keyword(s):  
National Registry ◽  
General Level ◽  
Level Of Functioning ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Blind Children ◽  
Observational Procedure

In the early 1970s, 49 deafblind children were evaluated for educational adjustment and communication level through a structured observational procedure. Ten years later, the examiners have used the national registry for the deaf-blind to relocate these children. A comparison of the children's general level of functioning then and now is reported in those instances where the two reporting tools are compatible.

Eight-Year Follow-up of Cognitive Development in 33 Twin Pairs

1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Alin Åkerman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Twin Pregnancy ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Performance Scale ◽  
Negative Expectations ◽  
Better Than

AbstractThis is a follow-up study of twins, including 33 twinpairs from the Stockholm area, aiming to study the cognitive development of twins at eight years of age. The twins have been followed at different ages from birth onwards. All children were tested with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children in a Swedish translation (WISC). The WISC test consists of a Verbal and a Performance Scale. There were no significant differences between twin girls and twin boys on these Scales. On the Performance subtests Block Design, Object Assembly, and Coding, however, the twin girls performed significantly better than the twin boys. In comparing cognitive development for twins and singletons, the twin group had somewhat lower average scores than the singletons. Prematurity and low birth weight continued to be related to cognitive development at eight years of age. Also at this age the school teacher completed a questionnaire about the twins social behaviour and some personality traits. There was a relation between one questionnaire factor, a low score of assertiveness, and the mother's negative or ambivalent expectations concerning the twin pregnancy. The twin group with the mother's negative expectations also had significantly lower results on the subtests Comprehension and Coding. Negative mothers had more premature twins than mothers who were positive toward the twin pregnancy.

Survivorship among the Aged Blind

1965 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 333-338
Author(s):  
Eugene Rogot
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
One Year ◽  
Blind Persons ◽  
Age Range

A follow-up study of 11,732 persons first registered as legally blind in Massachusetts during the twenty-year period, 1940-1959, was conducted in order to determine survivorship patterns and causes of death among the blind. This paper reports findings for 5,976 blind persons who were sixty-five years of age or older at the time of registration. Life-expectancy values calculated for single years of age from sixty-five to ninety showed that blind males had lower values than the general population over most of this age range; differences in life-expectancy were roughly two years for ages sixty-five to seventy-two, about one year for ages seventy-three to seventy-nine, and essentially no difference for ages eighty to ninety. The pattern for females was very similar to that for males. The largest differences according to major causes of blindness were for diabetes with blind males age sixty-five and over having an observed life-expectancy almost four years less than expected, and blind females age sixty-five and over having a life-expectancy 4.8 years less than expected. For blind males as well as for blind females age sixty-five and over, excess mortality due to diabetes was particularly noted.

PROGNOSIS IN INFANTILE SPASMS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-721
Author(s):  
L. L. Burnett ◽  
E. L. Gibbs ◽  
F. A. Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Infantile Spasms ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

A follow-up study has been conducted on 27 patients who had infantile spasms and normal electroencephalograms before the age of 1 year, and who did not have hypsarhythmia, the electroencephalographic abnormality which is usual in this condition. The purpose of the study was to determine whether the absence of electroencephalographic abnormality alters the prognosis. Less than half of the patients were found to be physically or mentally retarded and only one quarter still had seizures, which is somewhat better than was previously reported for cases with hypsarhythmia. However, the difference in prognosis is most evident as regards mental development: The present data indicate that there is a 55% chance that a child with infantile spasms and a normal electroencephalogram will develop normal mentality; the chance is only 15% with hypsarhythmia.

A Survey of Vocational Objectives of blind college students in the U. S

1957 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
J. Albert Asenjo ◽  
Seymour Axelrod
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Blind Persons ◽  
Blind Students

Summaries are presented of information gathered via questionnaires on vocational objectives of blind college students in the United Stales and on several topics related to sub-college teaching as a profession for blind persons. The possibility of a follow-up study of the employment status of the blind students who formed the subject sample of this survey was mentioned.

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