A Conceptual Framework for Evaluating Information Technologies and Decision Support Systems for Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dena M. Bravata ◽  
Kathryn M. McDonald ◽  
Herbert Szeto ◽  
Wendy M. Smith ◽  
Chara Rydzak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Support Systems

From Hydrological Models to Policy-Relevant Decision Support Systems (DSSs)

2010 ◽  
pp. 81-123
Author(s):  
Mukhtar Hashemi ◽  
Enda O’Connell
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Political Sciences ◽  
Computing Platforms ◽  
The 1960S

Since the advent of modern computing platforms in the 1960s and despite scepticisms and uncertainties, modelling systems have become indispensable tools in water resources management. They have been postulated to support the decision-making process and hence the term decision support systems (DSSs) emerged. Hydroinformatics is a recent term compared to computational hydraulics and hydrological watershed modelling but it is an encompassing cross disciplinary concept covering hydraulics, hydrology, environmental engineering, socioeconomic and political (institutional) disciplines and it uses information and communication technologies to provide evidences for decision-makers. The aims of this chapter are two fold: (a) to review the current trends in modelling activities based on historical precedence; and (b) to present a conceptual framework for development of a comprehensive DSS using a case study approach. Hence, this chapter consists of three main parts: (1) a historical account of the DSSs, starting from early single process models to current integrated comprehensive basin-wide DSSs; (2) having established a historical perspective, case studies from Iranian experience are presented to outline a methodological (conceptual) framework for developing a comprehensive DSS. Examples of policy-relevant DSSs from the latest research are also presented. It is concluded that there would be a greater demand in the future to develop integrated policy-relevant DSSs comprising not only the technical and engineering aspects but to include the socioeconomic and political sciences as well. The new DSSs should be able to deal with uncertainties such as climate change (i.e. to have scenario analysis capabilities), be able to compare different management strategies using multi-criteria analysis tools and to include socio-economic, institutional and environmental sustainability criteria.

scholarly journals Decision and decision makers

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuta Porutiu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
New Information ◽  
Enterprise Success

In the current economic context, decision making requires complex and multiple actions on the part of the policy makers, who are more challenged than in previous situations, due to the crisis that we are facing. Decision problems cannot be solved by focusing on manager’s own experience or intuition, but require constant adaptation of the methods used effectively in the past to new challenges. Thus, a systemic analysis and modeling of arising issues is required, resulting in the stringent use of Decision Support Systems (DSS), as a necessity in a competitive environment. DSS optimize the situation by getting a timely decision because the decision making process must acquire, process and interpret an even larger amount of data in the shortest possible time. A solution for this purpose is the artificial intelligence systems, in this case Decision Support Systems (DSS), used in a wider area due to expansion of all the new information technologies in decisionmaking processes. These substantial cyber innovations have led to a radical shift in the relationship between enterprise success and quality of decisions made by managers.

Fundamentals of designing intelligent decision support systems in nuclear power engineering

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Башлыков ◽  
Aleksandr Bashlykov ◽  
Еремеев ◽  
Aleksandr Eremeev
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Emergency Situations

The textbook is devoted to actual problems of using the achievements of modern information technologies, including methods of artificial intelligence, in decision-making in emergency situations at environmentally hazardous facilities, typical examples of which are nuclear power plants. The considered problem area of decision-making in emergency situations is a good example for showing the relevance of importance and complexity of the problem to the applied software and mathematical tools such as intelligent (expert) decision support systems for real-time. The book can be recommended as a textbook for students studying in the areas "Nuclear stations: design, operation and engineering", "Applied mathematics and informatics," Computer science and computer technology", "Automation of technological processes and productions ", as well as for students of other directions, post-graduate students, scientific and engineering staff engaged in the design of modern highly efficient decision support systems for managing complex technical (technological) objects and systems.

scholarly journals MODELING THE DIVERGENCE OF SHIPS IN THE DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM OF THE NAVIGATOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (22) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
I. V. Palamarchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
New Information

The aim of the study is to develop modern conceptual approaches to the construction of decision support systems in navigation, to determine the theoretical and practical foundations for creating such systems and priority ways of their practical implementation. From the analysis of recent publications, it has been revealed that the widespread use of new information technologies and modern technical means of navigation leads to an increase in the detail of the present navigation situation, but at the same time its assessment becomes more complicated and the time available to the navigator for analysis and development of the necessary control decision is reduced. For this reason, the development of decision support systems (DSS) for the navigator, which use new meaningful models of the hazard identification process for navigating a ship in the event of prerequisites for an emergency, is an urgent task of the present time. The creation of such systems will reduce the negative impact of the human factor on the processes of ship traffic control. The article develops theoretical and practical foundations for constructing a DSS for a navigator, taking into account the peculiarities of the movement of ships, the process of human interaction with technical means of navigation. The article develops theoretical and practical foundations for constructing a DSS for a navigator, taking into account the peculiarities of the movement of ships, the process of human interaction with technical means of navigation. New mathematical models of control over the process of divergence of ships are proposed. The classification of ships according to the degree of danger is carried out, depending on the change in the angle of the line of their relative movement. Criteria for a quantitative assessment of the hazard level of a ships based on the analysis of changes in the angle of the line of its relative motion are presented. The results obtained are the basis for further increasing the efficiency of the functioning of the ergatic system «man - technical means of navigation» and the comprehensive implementation of the achievements of new information technologies in the ship control processes.

scholarly journals An Object-Oriented Frameworks-based Architecture for Decision Support Systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Becker ◽  
François Bodart
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Reusable Components

Reusability is considered to be the key for achieving productivity and quality in software, and much has been claimed about the particular contributions of the object-oriented paradigm towards the achievement of these goals. Object-oriented frameworks are coarse-grained reuse units, composed of a set of classes specifically designed to be refined and used as a group. In this paper, we discuss the nature of frameworks necessary to build a particular type of systems, namely Decision Support Systems (DSS), and their organization in a generic OO DSS multi-layer architecture. DSS are systems intended to improve the effectiveness of decision making, but information technologies can only have a major impact on decision making if techniques allowing the easy and rapid development of DSS are available. Much benefit is expected in terms of easiness and rapidity of development by constructing DSS from domain-oriented reusable components, as well as in terms of quality of DSS in this way developed. 

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