scholarly journals Intracranial Epidermoid Cysts in Three Dogs

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 646-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Kornegay ◽  
E. J. Gorgacz
Keyword(s):  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
The Other ◽  
Neurologic Dysfunction ◽  
Epidermoid Cysts ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Intracranial Epidermoid

Intracranial epidermoid cysts were identified within the fourth ventricle of three dogs. The cysts measured up to 2.5 cm in diameter, were lined by stratified squamous epithelium, and contained intraluminal keratinaceous debris. Secondary compression of the medulla oblongata and cerebellum caused neurologic dysfunction in two dogs; the cyst was an incidental finding in the other dog. Similarities between these dogs and three previously reported intracranial epidermoid cysts in dogs included an apparent predilection for young dogs and involvement of the cerebellopontine angle, fourth ventricle, or both.

Epithelioma of the Fourth Ventricle in a Goat

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Wicks ◽  
M. J. Oglesbee
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Neoplastic Cells ◽  
Epidermoid Cysts ◽  
Microscopic Morphology ◽  
Intracranial Epidermoid ◽  
Epithelial Neoplasm

We describe an epithelial neoplasm arising from the fourth ventricle of a goat and extending into the subjacent cerebellum along the spaces of Virchow-Robin. The neoplastic cells are consistent with squamous epithelium based upon light microscopic morphology and cytokeratin immunoreactivity. The lack of overt keratin formation and the lack of an exophytic component distinguishes this neoplasm from intracranial epidermoid cysts, resulting in the classification of this caprine tumor as an epithelioma.

Note on the Transformation of Ciliated into Stratified Squamous Epithelium as a result of the Application of Friction

1890 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 119-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Berry Haycraft ◽  
E. W. Carlier
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ciliated Epithelium ◽  
Deep Groove ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Trachealis Muscle

(Abstract.)In man, in the rabbit, and some other animals the trachea is built up of a series of cartilaginous rings incomplete behind; the rings being completed in this position by the trachealis muscle.The mucous membrane forms a smooth cylindrical lining for the whole tube, and is covered by a ciliated epithelium.In the cat and dog the cartilage rings completely encircle the trachea, and overlap posteriorly, and the trachealis muscle, which is well developed, is placed outside the cartilage, and has a powerful action in varying the diameter of the tube.When this muscle contracts the overlapping ends of the cartilage ride one upon another, and the projecting ends form a vertical ridge down the inside of the trachea, which can be readily seen on slitting the organ open. This ridge is separated by a deep groove from the other end of the plate.

scholarly journals Physiopathological Aspects of Sellar Epidermoid Cyst Determining Endocrine Disturbances: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
Eduardo Cambruzzi ◽  
Nelson Pires Ferreira ◽  
Gabriel Barcellos ◽  
Pablo Fruet
Keyword(s):  
Epidermoid Cyst ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Visual Disturbance ◽  
Epidermoid Cysts ◽  
Endocrine Disturbances ◽  
Tumoral Lesion ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Trapped Surface ◽  
Endocrine Alterations

AbstractEpidermoid cysts (ECs) of the central nervous system (CNS) constitute benign circumscribed lesions that are more common in lateral than in midline sites. Epidermoid cysts of the CNS arise more frequently in the cerebellopontine angle, around the pons, near the sella, within the temporal lobe, in the diploe, and in the spinal canal. Most common tumoral lesion of sellar region is pituitary adenoma, and sellar cystic epithelial masses may be difficult to differentiate based only on clinical and imaging findings. Epidermoid cysts are covered by keratinized squamous epithelium and are usually filled with keratin lamellae. The process is, for the most part, maldevelopmental in origin, presumably arising from trapped surface ectodermal elements in association with the developing CNS during the closure of the neural groove or formation of the secondary cerebral vesicles. In the present study, the authors describe a case of sellar epidermoid cyst producing endocrine alterations and visual disturbance in a 35 years woman, and review the physiopathological and diagnostic criteria of this lesion.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis of Attic Cholesteatomas

1978 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 716-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Sadé
Keyword(s):  
Epidermoid Cyst ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Ossicular Chain ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Epidermoid Cysts ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
The Face ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Temporal Bones

An attic cholesteatoma is defined as an epidermoid cyst found in the attic. Stratified squamous epithelium may also be present in the middle ear as other clinical or pathological entities, such as metaplastic islands of the mucosa in chronic ears with central perforations or as a collapse of an atelectatic drum. Histological examination of 22 temporal bones with attic cholesteatomas has shown them to reside mainly medial to the ossicular chain. This explains the difficulty they have in self-cleansing, as well as the ensuing secondary infection. When a similar process occurs lateral to the ossicles, a self-cleansing nature's atticotomy may be formed. The aetiology ofan attic epidermoid cyst, i.e. an attic cholesteatoma, is usually considered to be an invasive retraction from the external ear. However, it is difficult to accept invasion ofexternal canal skin into the upper medial attic (often through the scutum). This is especially so in the face ofsucb biological phenomena as epithelial contact inhibition, or the invariable outward migration of stratified squamous epithelium from the edges of retraction pockets as well as from cholesteatoma perforations. Also, large cholesteatomas usually present themselves from the ‘beginning’ simultaneously with their perforations; no documentation of an evolving process from a pre-existing perforation exists at present. Marginal perforations which have later cvolved into attic cholesteatomas have so far not been documented. Therefore, the possibility that an attic cholesteatoma often arises primarily in the attic and presents itself secondarily in the external canal as a ‘perforated’ epidermoid cyst, is to be considered. The possibility that a congenital rest is responsible for the epidermoid cyst has often been put forward, but evidence that such rests actually exist has not yet been presented. The frequency with which cholesteatoma sacs (including the congenital type) show mucosal cells as part of their lining, suggests a metaplastic phenomenon, This means that the epithelial cells in question may have changed from mucosal into keratinizing cells or vice versa. Metaplastic changes of mucosas into keratinizing epithelium occur very frequently in the bronchi, nose, ears and genitourinary system. Epidermoid cysts may, therefore, be seen as an analogous formation to glandular cysts in the attic - the latter being very frequently found in the attic in chronically infected ears. Such ‘organ’ formations (glands or epidermoid cysts) may arise when their respective cells (forming mucus or keratin) grow in the midst ofconnective tissue rather than on the surface. Budding of cells, giving rise to epidermoid cysts, is occasionally found in chronically-infected ears adjacent to cholesteatomas.

Malignant Degeneration of Intracranial Epidermoid Cyst to Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Neurographics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
A.M. Romesberg ◽  
A.A. Roney ◽  
D.E. Lukins
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
The Body ◽  
Malignant Degeneration ◽  
Epidermoid Cysts ◽  
Surgical Debulking ◽  
Intracranial Epidermoid

Intracranial epidermoid cysts represent a group of relatively common, benign, indolent tumors most frequently encountered at the cerebellopontine angle. Presentation is usually secondary to compressive neurologic symptoms. Treatment is surgical debulking and generally is curative. As with other epidermoid cysts throughout the body, the risk of degeneration into squamous cell carcinoma is a rare complication that is typically fatal within the CNS.

The Importance of Mesenchymal Factors in the Differentiation of Chick Epidermis

Development ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-384
Author(s):  
C. B. McLoughlin
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Preen Gland ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium

It is well established that in the developing chick the underlying mesenchyme initiates the appearance of specific epidermal derivatives, e.g. feathers (Sengel, 1956), claws (Cairns & Saunders, 1954), and the preen gland (Gomot, 1958). On the other hand, it is not yet known to what extent the epidermis is independent of mesenchymal intervention for its basic differentiation into a stratified, squamous epithelium. Sobel's (1958) work on the 8-day chick pituitary suggests that the differentiation and multiplication of certain epithelial cells cannot proceed in the absence of mesenchymal elements. She found that the isolated epithelial cells of the hypophysial rudiment survived but were unable to differentiate or multiply; when associated with perichondrial fibroblasts, however, they resumed mitosis and produced typical α and β cells. In the first part of the present investigation, experiments were made to see whether the embryonic epidermis, like the hypophysial epithelium, requires the resence of fibroblasts to enable it to grow and differentiate, or whether it can proliferate, acquire its characteristic squamous structure and keratinize, when isolated and cultivated in the absence of connective tissue.

scholarly journals Intracranial epidermoid cyst in a cat

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Dalcol Mazaro ◽  
Douglas Miotto Lorenzetti ◽  
Milena Carolina Paz ◽  
Rafael Almeida Fighera
Keyword(s):  
Epidermoid Cyst ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Intracranial Epidermoid ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACT: Epidermoid cysts, also known as epidermal and keratin cysts, or congenital cholesteatomas are benign congenital non-neoplastic tumors, rarely observed in the brain of humans and some animal species (dogs, horses, mice, and rats). Histologically, they are composed of laminated, concentrically arranged keratin surrounded by a thin layer of stratified squamous epithelium. We describe a case of intracranial epidermoid cyst in a 6-year-old mixed-breed male cat in southern Brazil. The patient presented central vestibular syndrome. Given the poor prognosis and the fact that it belonged to a shelter with many dogs and cats, the owner requested euthanasia, and a thorough post-mortem examination was conducted immediately after death. The definitive diagnosis was based on histopathological findings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an intracranial epidermoid cyst in a cat.

scholarly journals Malignant Transformation Six Months after Removal of Intracranial Epidermoid Cyst: A Case Report

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fayçal Lakhdar ◽  
El Mehdi Hakkou ◽  
Rachid Gana ◽  
Rachid My Maaqili ◽  
Fouad Bellakhdar
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Epidermoid Cyst ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Epidermoid Cysts ◽  
Intracranial Epidermoid

Intracranial epidermoid cysts are uncommon benign tumors of developmental origin; malignant transformation of benign epidermoid cysts is rare, and their prognosis remains poor. We report a case of squamous cell carcinoma arising in the cerebellopontine angle. A 52-year-old man presented with left facial paralysis and cerebellar ataxia. He had undergone total removal of a benign epidermoid cyst six months previously. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a heterogeneous and cystic lesion in the left cerebellopontine angle with hydrocephalus. The cyst wall was enhanced by gadolinium. He underwent ventricle-peritoneal shunt and removal again; the histopathological examination revealed a squamous cell carcinoma possibly arising from an underlying epidermoid cyst. This entity is being reported for its rarity. The presence of contrast enhancement at the site of an epidermoid cyst combined with an acute, progressive neurological deficit should alert the neurosurgeon to the possibility of a malignant transformation.

scholarly journals A unique case of medulla oblongata epidermoid cyst

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Anh Tuan ◽  
Nguyen Minh Duc
Keyword(s):  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Epidermoid Cyst ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Epidermoid Cysts ◽  
Slow Growing

Abstract Epidermoid cysts (ECs) are slow-growing, benign tumors that represent <2% of all intracranial tumors. ECs can be divided into following two types: extra-axial and intra-axial. Extra-axial ECs are most often positioned in the cerebellopontine angle. Intra-axial ECs, which are also referred to as intraparenchymal ECs, are most commonly found in supratentorial structures, such as the frontal and temporal lobes, accounting for <2% of all intracranial ECs and are especially rare in children. In this report, we described a unique case of medulla oblongata EC in a child, to contribute this knowledge to the existing body of literature.

scholarly journals Resection of large recurrent third ventricular epidermoid tumors through the posterior interhemispheric transcallosal approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (videosuppl1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin K. Hendricks ◽  
Aaron A. Cohen-Gadol
Keyword(s):  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Recurrent Disease ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Total Resection ◽  
Transcallosal Approach ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Neurovascular Structures

Epidermoid cysts or tumors comprise 1% of intracranial tumors with a predilection for the cerebellopontine angle or parasellar cisterns. These tumors are derived from an ectopic ectodermal implant seeded between fusing ectodermal surfaces. This results in a benign proliferation of stratified squamous epithelium along a cyst wall with a lumen composed of hyperkeratotic material derived from the desquamating cells. Surgical intervention is the treatment of choice for symptomatic patients. There is no role for radiotherapy or chemotherapy in the treatment of these lesions, including for residual or recurrent disease. The inherent adhesion of the proliferating epithelial lining to surrounding neurovascular structures significantly complicates attempts at gross-total resection. Epidermoid tumors or cysts are rarely reported within the third ventricular region. In this video, the authors demonstrate the technique of right-sided posterior interhemispheric transcallosal approach for maximal resection of a complex recurrent third ventricular epidermoid tumor with lateral ventricular extension.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/wbXp7mc0vT4.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document