scholarly journals Issues in the Assessment of “Race” Among Latinos

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent C. Allen ◽  
Christina Lachance ◽  
Britt Rios-Ellis ◽  
Kimberly A. Kaphingst
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Meaningful Data

Measurement of race and ethnicity is integral to assessing and addressing health disparities experienced by minorities. However, the unique experiences of Latinos related to race and the discordance between understandings of race among Latinos and the predominant U.S. conceptualizations of this construct impact how Latinos respond to measurement approaches. As a result, data collection methodologies often yield ambiguous responses that reveal little about this population. This article examines Latinos’ racial responding, and how this relates to their experiences and understanding of their racial identity. We recommend the use of a combined race and ethnicity question and open-ended race and ethnicity questions, when feasible, which will likely yield more meaningful data that can be used to address this populations’ health needs.

Debating the Use of Racial and Ethnic Categories in Research

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Human Genome Project ◽  
Racial Prejudice ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
The Human Genome Project

Debate over the proper use of racial and ethnic categories in biomedical research has raged in recent years. With the Human Genome Project showing that human beings are overwhelmingly alike genetically, exhibiting more genetic variation within supposed “races” than between them, many have come to doubt the scientific utility of such categories. Yet federal authorities use Directive 15 from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to mandate the continued use of such categories in research. Moreover, researchers studying health disparities argue that data collection using racial and ethnic categories is necessary to determine whether conditions and care vary by race and ethnicity. Epidemiologists also defend the use of racial and ethnic categories to understand contributors to disease such as the stress of experiencing racial prejudice and reduced access to care because of bias.

CAN'T BUY ME WHITENESS

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay A. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Socioeconomic Status And Health

AbstractA basic tenet of public health is that there is a robust relationship between socioeconomic status and health. Researchers widely accept that persons at average or median levels of socioeconomic status have better health compared to those at lower levels—with a detectable, if diminishing, gradient at even higher levels of socioeconomic status. The research on which this tenet is based, however, focuses largely on Whites, especially on White men. Yet according to the full range of extant findings, the magnitude and in some cases the direction of this relationship vary considerably for other demographic groups.I argue that the failure to clearly qualify study conclusions when they are restricted to the study of Whites impedes our understanding of the varying relationship between socioeconomic status and health for different demographic groups. Such an impediment is particularly harmful when considering health inequalities among populations defined by race and ethnicity. Frameworks and models based on traditional socioeconomic measures may mask heterogeneity, overestimate the benefits of material resources, underestimate psychosocial and physical health costs of resource acquisition for some groups, and overlook the value of alternative sociocultural orientations. These missed opportunities have grave consequences: large racial/ethnic health disparities persist while the health disadvantages of Black Americans continue to grow in key aspects. A new knowledge base is needed if racial/ethnic health disparities are to be eliminated, including new guiding theoretical frameworks, reinterpretations of existing research, and new empirical research. This article aims to initiate discussion on all three dimensions.

Perinatal Outcomes among Women Identified by a Community Health Needs Assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine L. Duryea ◽  
Robert Martin ◽  
Donald McIntire ◽  
Catherine Y. Spong ◽  
David B. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Needs Assessment ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Health Needs Assessment ◽  
Community Health Needs Assessment ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Objective The aim of the study is to compare perinatal outcomes for women with greater social needs, as identified by the Community Health Needs Assessment, to those of women living in other areas of the county. Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study of pregnant women delivering at a large inner-city county hospital. Perinatal outcomes were analyzed for women living within a target area with substantial health disparities and social needs, and compared with those women living outside the target area. Statistical analysis included student's t-test, Chi square, and logistic regression. Results Between January 2015 and July 2020, 66,936 women delivered at Parkland hospital. Of these, 7,585 (11%) resided within the target area. These women were younger (26.8 ± 6.5 vs. 27.9 ± 6.4 years, p < 0.001), more likely to be black (37 vs. 13%, p < 0.001), and had a higher body mass index or BMI (33.3 ± 7.0 vs. 32.6 ± 6.4 kg/m2, p < 0.001). All women were likely to access prenatal care, with 7,320 (96.5%) in the target area and 57,677 (97.2%) outside the area attending at least one visit. Adverse perinatal outcomes were increased for women living within the target area, which persisted after adjustment for age, race, and BMI. This included an increased risk of preeclampsia (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.1, 95% confidence interval or CI [1.03, 1.2]) and abruption (aRR 1.3, 95% CI [1.1, 1.7]), as well as preterm birth before both 34 weeks (aRR 1.3, 95% CI [1.2, 1.5]) and 28 weeks (aRR 1.3, 95% CI [1.02,1.7]). It follows that neonatal ICU admission (aRR 2.1, 95% CI [1.3, 3.4]) and neonatal death (aRR 1.2, 95% CI [1.1, 1.3]) were increased within the target area. Interestingly, rate of postpartum visit attendance was higher in the target area (57 vs. 48%), p < 0.001. Conclusion Even among vulnerable populations, women in areas with worse health disparities and social needs are at greater risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Efforts to achieve health equity will need to address social disparities. Key Points

Feasibility testing of smart tablet questionnaires compared to paper questionnaires in an amputee rehabilitation clinic

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Payne ◽  
Shannon Janzen ◽  
Eric Earl ◽  
Barry Deathe ◽  
Ricardo Viana
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Accurate Representation ◽  
Paper Questionnaire ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Electronic Questionnaires ◽  
Rehabilitation Clinic ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Meaningful Data ◽  
Amputee Rehabilitation

Background: Capturing the variability that exists among patients attending an amputee clinic using standardized paper-based questionnaires is time-consuming and may not be practical for routine clinical use. Electronic questionnaires are a potential solution; however, the benefits are dependent on the feasibility and acceptance of this mode of data collection among patients. Objective: To determine the feasibility and patient preference/comfort in using a tablet-based questionnaire for data collection in an outpatient amputee rehabilitation clinic compared to a traditional paper-based questionnaire. Study design: Observational study. Methods: In all, 48 patients with major extremity amputations completed both tablet and paper questionnaires related to their amputation and prosthetic use. Both trials were timed; patients then completed a semi-structured questionnaire about their experience. Results: In all, 20.5% of patients needed hands-on assistance completing the paper questionnaire compared to 20.8% for the tablet. The majority of participants (52.1%) indicated a preference for the tablet questionnaire; 64.6% of patients felt the tablet collected a more complete and accurate representation of their status and needs. In all, 70.8% of participants described themselves as comfortable using the tablet. Conclusion: Despite comorbidities, patients with amputations demonstrated excellent acceptance of the electronic tablet-based questionnaire. Tablet questionnaires have significant potential advantages over paper questionnaires and should be further explored. Clinical relevance A custom electronic questionnaire was found to be beneficial for routine clinic use and was well received by patients in an amputee rehabilitation clinic. Development of such questionnaires can provide an efficient mechanism to collect meaningful data that can be used for individual patient care and program quality improvement initiatives.

The Oldest Person You've Known

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 278-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah B. Bush ◽  
Karen S. Karp ◽  
Judy Albanese ◽  
Fred Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Super Bowl ◽  
Meaningful Data

A Super Bowl commercial became the impetus for engaging students in a meaningful data collection project.

New Measurement Technologies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Ho ◽  
Michael Morse
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Judicial Behavior ◽  
Standard Approach ◽  
Judicial Decision ◽  
Judicial Decision Making ◽  
Ideal Points ◽  
Meaningful Data ◽  
The Way

This chapter reviews measurement technologies that have rapidly invigorated the study of judicial behavior, examining the standard approach to measuring judicial “ideal points” and discussing how such measures have facilitated broad new lines of inquiry in understanding judicial decision-making. But the measures, as this chapter explains, are no panacea. Proper use and interpretation depend critically on qualitative assumptions and understanding of underlying case law. This chapter argues that the way forward combines jurisprudentially meaningful data collection with advances in measurement technologies. These concepts are illustrated by empirically informing a long-standing debate about the effect of the Nuremberg trial on Justice Jackson’s jurisprudence.

scholarly journals Framing a Transdisciplinary Research Agenda in Health Education to Address Health Disparities and Social Inequities: A Road Map for SOPHE Action

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Gambescia ◽  
Lynn D. Woodhouse ◽  
M. Elaine Auld ◽  
B. Lee Green ◽  
Sandra Crouse Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Education Research ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Health Disparity ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Transdisciplinary Research ◽  
Open Society ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Social Inequities

SOPHE leaders continue to challenge us to be true to the call for an “open society.” SOPHE has supported the Healthy People 2010 goal of eliminating health disparities through its Strategic Plan. SOPHE held an Inaugural Health Education Research Disparities Summit, Health Disparities and Social Inequities: Framing a Transdisciplinary Research Agenda in Health Education, August 8 and 9, 2005. This article explains the process used at the Summit where more than 80 researchers, academicians, practitioners, and students from across the country convened to ask fundamental questions about health disparity associated with race and ethnicity and how a health education research agenda could help in eliminating these disparities. From this Summit, about a dozen questions and/or recommendations have been developed to frame our future discussions about health disparities. Through its Research Agenda Committee, SOPHE has developed a process of translation and dissemination, including community participation, review, dialogue, and action

scholarly journals Pendidikan Multikultural Di Masyarakat Suku Tengger Tosari Pasuruan (Studi Gerakan Pencerahan Muhammadiyah Tosari Pasuruan)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Luqman Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Know How ◽  
Education Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Natural Settings ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Meaningful Data

This study aims to: 1) To know how the Multicultural education movement Tengger Tosari Pasuruan people; 2) To know how the development of the Muhammadiyah enlightenment movement in the Tengger Tosari Pasuruan Tribe community; 3) To know how far the contribution of Muhammadiyah movement in the development of Multicultural education in Tengger Tosari Pasuruan people. Qualitative research with phenomenology approach is considered most appropriate to get meaningful data in society Tengger Tosari Pasuruan. Data collection techniques were conducted on natural settings, primary data sources, and more data collection techniques on participant observatioan, in-depth interviews and documentation. Data analysis is done inductively based on facts found in the field and then constructed into hypotheses or theories. From the research results can be concluded that: 1) Multicultural education movement of Tengger Tosari Pasuruan Tenggerese community has been implemented by Tengger Tosari Pasuruan people: 2) The development of the Muhammadiyah enlightenment movement in the Tengger Tosari Pasuruan society so rapidly started in 1922 when KH Ahmad Dahlan Tosari Pasuruan until now, namely enlightenment conducted by PCM Tosari under the leadership of Mr. Anshori; 3) The contribution of the Muhammadiyah movement in the development of Multicultural education is evident from the Muhammadiyah families and the Muhammadiyah figures in Tosari is the spearhead of the implementation of multicultural education. It is also necessary for the implementation of Multicultural education in the formal and non-formal education sector and further research on KH's history and propagation. Ahmad Dahlan in Tosari, because it concerns the history of the Kyai and the history of Muhammadiyah Indonesia in general and Muhammadiyah Tosari Pasuruan in particular.

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