Conceptualising ‘Within-Group Stigmatisation’ among High-Status Workers

2021 ◽  
pp. 095001702110412
Author(s):  
Matthew Bamber ◽  
John McCormack ◽  
Brent J Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
High Status ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Extensive Survey ◽  
The Way

This article explores the identity challenges facing teaching-only faculty (TOF), whose occupational self-perceptions are fundamentally contradicted by the way institutional others perceive them. We show how this manifests into a set of stigmatising practices and processes across two dimensions: contact (informal messaging) and contract (formal messaging). The sense of being unjustly stigmatised is amplified because the teaching-only role is generally seen as high-status by outsiders, and the work itself is relatively free from real or metaphorical dirt. Hence, we propose the concept of within-group stigmatisation. Next, we shine light on the implications of this form of occupational stigmatisation through the lens of organisational (dis)identification. In contrast to theoretical expectations, the analysis of our extensive survey and interview data shows that TOF identify with their role but disidentify with the organisation. Finally, we reflect on the importance and broader applicability of our concept of within-group occupational stigmatisation.

scholarly journals Aesthetics and Creativity. Identity Configurations

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Durac ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Human Attitude ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Nature And Society ◽  
The Way

Reflecting on human attitude towards reality, together with deciphering the emotional code that accompanies it, has configured - in time – the aesthetic universe, open to human reflection, creation, and evaluation. Aesthetics appears through the way in which consciousness reacts and capitalises upon things in nature and society, or which belong to human subjectivity, including on artistic work, which have an effect on sensitiveness due to their harmony, balance and grandeur. As a fundamental attribute of the human being, creativity is the engine of cultural evolution, meaning the degree of novelty that man brings in his ideas, actions, and creations. Aesthetical values, together with the other types of values, contribute to what society represents and to what it can become, hence motivating human action and creation. Their role is to create a state of mind that encourages the cohesion, cooperation, and mutual understanding of the society. Integrating a chronological succession of the evolution of the concepts that objectify its structure, its aesthetics and creativity, this article stresses the synergetic nature of the two dimensions of human personality, paving the way to beauty, as a form of enchantment of the human spirit.

How was it for you? The Interview Society and the irresistible rise of the (poorly analyzed) interview

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Interview Data ◽  
Direct Link ◽  
Constructionist Approach ◽  
Interview Studies ◽  
The Way

Atkinson and Silverman’s (1997) depiction of the Interview Society analysed the dominance of interview studies that seek to elicit respondents ‘experiences’ and ‘perceptions’. Their article showed that this vocabulary is deeply problematic, assuming an over-rationalistic account of behaviour and a direct link between the language of people’s accounts and their past and present psychic states. In this article, using a Constructionist approach, I develop these ideas, by asking what sort of data are we trying to retrieve through interviews, i.e. what do interviews reveal? I go on to examine and discount the claimed intellectual auspices for most interview studies and the way in which interview data are usually analysed. I conclude by showing how the reliability of interview transcripts can be improved and the analysis of interview data made more robust.

Jumping to the Head of the Invisible Line: Queuing and Waiting in Electronic Ticket Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-503
Author(s):  
J. Lotus Seeley
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Wait Times ◽  
High Status ◽  
Organizational Status ◽  
The Status ◽  
It Support ◽  
The Invisible

Research on queuing and waiting has demonstrated how these practices exemplify tacit norms of social organization and how the dynamics of deference embedded in waiting (re)produce the status of the waiting individual and/or the power of individuals in charge of queues. Less attention has been given to the broader effects of the agentic efforts of individuals to decrease their wait times and increase their priority in their original queue, what I term the active management of waiting. Using ethnographic and interview data on IT support workers at a large university, I document how high-status individuals engage in three active management of waiting strategies: trumping the queue, circumventing the queue, and refusing to queue. As I show, these strategies are patterned by organizational status and thus not only (re)produce the status of the waiting individual but also exert a disciplinary effect on servers and help (re)produce organizational status structures as a whole.

Gender Role Inventory

2007 ◽  
pp. 367-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
Femininity And Masculinity ◽  
Agency And Communion

We describe a newly developed 14-item inventory designed to measure two dimensions – agency and communion – of gender role self perceptions. The Gender Role Inventory (GRI-14) emerges as a conceptual and empirical refinement of the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI; Bem, 1981) offering exceptional utility for electronic-based research while overcoming questions about construct validity and psychometric adequacy inherent in the BSRI. Since its inception, the BSRI has proven a widely used tool for assessing femininity and masculinity in numerous empirical studies and, to a significant extent, has defined the nature of sex role orientation in the research literature. Despite its popularity, however, persistent questions have arisen over whether the BSRI actually measures what it claims to measure (see, for example, Choi & Fuqua, 2003; Hoffman & Borders, 2001). A highly consistent pattern emerging across a range of factor-analytic studies, for example, is (1) a single femininity factor and two or more complex masculinity factors, (2) a tendency toward inconsistent item loading across these factors (e.g., over half of the femininity subscale items do not load on the femininity factor), and (3) an unexpectedly low amount of total variance typically accounted for by the primary factors. Concerns such as these, some argue, point to an “initial lack of theoretically defined dimensions of masculinity/femininity measured by the BSRI” (Choi & Fuqua, 2003, p. 884) while others proposed that the BSRI actually measures constructs such as instrumentality and expressiveness (e.g., Bohannon & Mills, 1979; Moreland, 1978).

Autonomy and Objectivity as Political Operators in the Medical World: Twenty Years of Public Controversy about AIDS Treatments in France

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Dodier ◽  
Janine Barbot
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Patient Autonomy ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Medical Decisions ◽  
Public Controversy ◽  
Meeting Point ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
Contemporary Medicine ◽  
The Way

ArgumentThe article is based on the controversies relating to conducting experiments and licensing AIDS treatments in France in the 1980s and 1990s. We have identified two political operators, i.e. two issues around which tensions have grown between the different generations of actors involved in these controversies: 1) the way of thinking about patient autonomy, and 2) the way in which objectivity regarding medical decisions is built. The article shows that there are several regimes of objectivity and autonomy, and that it is at the meeting point of the two dimensions that very different political forms of medicine have developed. In the case of AIDS, the article identifies four of these forms (liberal and conservative clinical traditions and therapeutic modernity – enclosed, then participative) and analyzes the dynamics of their emergence and opposition. We discuss an “objectivity/autonomy” diagram as a conceptual framework which enables us (above and beyond AIDS) to think about changes in contemporary medicine.

Language territorial regimes in multilingual ethnic territorial autonomies

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Borisova ◽  
Konstantin Sulimov
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Language Rights ◽  
South Tyrol ◽  
The Way

Ethnic territorial autonomy (ETA) is an institutional way to ensure simultaneously the integrity of the state and the rights of ethnic minorities through preferential policies in certain ethnically sensitive spheres. Language preferential policies differ greatly across multilingual ETAs and can be analyzed through the concept of “language territorial regime” (LTR). In this paper, we examine LTRs along two dimensions: (1) the scope of state regulation of language use and (2) the way language rights are perceived and used. The first considers the depth and universality of state regulation of language use – “strong” or “weak.” The second concerns whether the community's approach to language rights is symbolic or pragmatic. The combination of these two dimensions allows the categorization of LTRs into four main classes: “strong parting-regime,” “strong pooling-regime,” “weak pooling-regime,” and “weak parting-regime.” A comparison of South Tyrol, Vojvodina, and Wales allows conceptualizing LTR as a system of de jure institutional arrangements of linguistic issues and practice of self-organization and perpetuation of multilingual communities.

Replacement between Conformity and Counter-Conformity in Consumption Decisions

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Jui Chou ◽  
Qi Dai ◽  
En-Chung Chang ◽  
Veronica Wong
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
Chinese Context ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Consumption Decisions ◽  
Conformity Behavior ◽  
The Way

This study assessed, in a Chinese context, how self-esteem interacts with perceived similarity and uniqueness to yield cognitive dissonance, and whether the dissonance leads to self-reported conformity or counter-conformity behavior. Participants were 408 respondents from 4 major Chinese cities ( M age = 33.0 yr., SD = 4.3; 48% men). Self-perceptions of uniqueness, similarity, cognitive dissonance, self-esteem and need to behave in conformity or counter-conformity were measured. A theoretical model was assessed in four situations, relating the ratings of self-esteem and perceived similarity/uniqueness to the way other people at a wedding were dressed, and the resultant cognitive dissonance and conformity/counter-conformity behavior. Regardless of high or low self-esteem, all participants reported cognitive dissonance when they were told that they were dressed extremely similarly to or extremely differently from the other people attending the wedding. However, the conforming/counter-conforming strategies used by participants to resolve the cognitive dissonance differed. When encountering dissonance induced by the perceived extreme uniqueness of dress, participants with low self-esteem tended to say they would dress next time so as to conform with the way others were dressed, while those with high self-esteem indicated they would continue their counter-conformity in attire. When encountering dissonance induced by the perceived extreme similarity to others, both those with high and low self-esteem tended to say they would dress in an unorthodox manner to surprise other people in the future.

scholarly journals MILITANT AND COOPERATIVE INTERNATIONALISM AMONG AMERICAN RELIGIOUS PUBLICS

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-344
Author(s):  
James L. Guth
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
The Public ◽  
Policy Attitudes ◽  
The Way ◽  
Foreign Policy Attitudes ◽  
Empirical Analyses

Although there has been much speculation about the way that religion shapes American attitudes on foreign policy, there are few empirical analyses of that influence. This paper draws on a large national sample of the public in 2008 to classify religious groups on Eugene Wittkopf’s (1990) classic dimensions of foreign policy attitudes, militant internationalism and cooperative internationalism. We find rather different religious constituencies for each dimension and demonstrate the influence of ethnoreligious and theological factors on both. Combining the two dimensions, we show that American religious groups occupy different locations in Wittkopf’s hardliner, internationalist, accommodationist, and isolationist camps.

scholarly journals The Appraisal of Reactions to Success: The Benefits and Costs of Humility

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna M. Werz
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Behavioral Measure ◽  
High Status ◽  
Authentic Pride ◽  
Benefits And Costs

Although praised in popular media and desired as a reaction to success, little is known aboutthe perception of humility. In social interactions, competence and liking are two crucialappraisal dimensions. The present research determines the effect of a humble vs. a proudexpression on these two dimensions. Participants (N = 199) took part in a word competitionand then read their alleged opponents’ reaction to victory. The reactions were proud, neutral,or humble. In line with its prosocial nature, humility elicited more warmth/liking than aneutral statement, whereas pride led to less warmth/liking. Pride, conveying high status andsuccess, was expected to lead to higher appraisals of competence than humble or neutraldemeanor. However, the three expressions neither affected competence perceptionsdifferently nor influenced the amount of money participants bet on their opponent winningagain as a behavioral measure of competence. Exploratory ANCOVAs and correlations hinttowards the hypothesis of pride conveying slightly more competence than humility. Relationsand effects of authentic pride and hubristic pride as well as appreciative humility and self-abasinghumility are reviewed. Explanations like the influence of prior success and theinterplay of warmth and competence are discussed and applied to individual advice and socialimplications.

scholarly journals Tipologi Pola Asuh dalam Al-Qur’an: Studi Komparatif Islam dan Barat

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-87
Author(s):  
Izzatur Rusuli
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Family Harmony ◽  
Western Perspective ◽  
The Way

Abstract: Parenting is the way parents behave, interact and treat their children. This paper aims to examine the family concept and typology of parenting from the perspective of the Qur'an and its comparison with Western parenting styles. This research is a literature review by tracing the verses of the Qur'an related to parenting. The results of this study indicate that the concept of family in the perspective of the Qur'an is based on parents' understanding of family goals. Meanwhile, from a Western perspective, parenting is influenced by external conditions of the family. The typology of parenting in the perspective of the Qur'an is determined from the goal of raising a family, saving the family from hellfire, and maintaining the nature of the child from birth. From these two goals, parenting styles in the Qur'an can be mapped into two, they are caring and ignorant parenting. Meanwhile, the typology of parenting in a Western perspective refers to two dimensions; responsiveness and demandingness resulting in four types of parenting; authoritative/democratic, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful styles. The aim of Islamic parenting is not only for achieving happiness and family harmony in the world but also in the hereafter. Meanwhile, the aim of Western parenting is only to achieve happiness and family harmony in the world.

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