Design and comparisons of adaptive harmonic control for a quarter-car active suspension

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110192
Author(s):  
Teodor-Constantin Nichiţelea ◽  
Maria-Geanina Unguritu
Keyword(s):  
Active Suspension ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Multiple Control ◽  
Control Solution ◽  
Body Acceleration ◽  
Front Suspension ◽  
The Road ◽  
Harmonic Control ◽  
Quarter Car

Car suspensions have the job to keep the tires in contact with the road surface as much as possible, to deliver steering stability with good handling and to guarantee passenger comfort. Most modern vehicles have independent front suspension and many vehicles also have independent rear suspension. Independent suspensions are preferred instead of dependent suspensions for their better ride handling, stability, steering and comfort but they provide less overall strength and a complex design which increases the cost and maintenance expenses for such a suspension. For this reason, automotive engineers struggle to discover new suspension components or advanced control solutions. Taking a step forward in this direction, the paper presents in the beginning one of the well-known mathematical models of a quarter-car active suspension. The obtained model is then implemented in a MATLAB/Simulink simulation which compares multiple control solutions. The only feedback considered for each control algorithm is the measurement of the body acceleration. Among these investigated control algorithms is the adaptive harmonic control solution proposed by this paper. The controller generates a harmonic control signal with variable amplitude and frequency based on the body acceleration feedback. The comparison analysis shows that the proposed control solution demonstrates quite good potential, generating in some cases better results than the other control algorithms.

1⁄4 Car Model for Suspension Trim Corrector Performances Evaluation

2016 ◽  
Vol 823 ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Adrian Ioan Niculescu
Keyword(s):  
Contact Force ◽  
Harmonic Functions ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vertical Acceleration ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
The Road ◽  
Quarter Car Model ◽  
Car Model ◽  
Quarter Car

The paper presents a complex quarter car model obtained with ADAMS software, View module, useful in the first stage of suspension dimensioning and optimization.The model is equipped with compression and rebound stopper buffer and suspension trim corrector.The proposed quarter car model with two degrees of freedom (wheel and body) performs all these goals allowing changing:Geometrical elementsPosition of equilibrium, depending on vehicle load;Trim correction;Elastic and dissipative characteristics of the suspension and tire;Suspension stroke;Road profile, assessed either by simple or summation of harmonic functions or reproducing real roadsBuffers (for stroke limitation) position and characteristics;The models developed provide information on:Vertical stability assessed by vertical movements of the body and the longitudinal and transversal stability evaluated based on adherence characterized by wheel ground contact force and frequency of soil detachment wheel.Comfort assessed on the basis of body vertical acceleration and collision forces to the stroke ends.The body-road clearanceThe trim corrector efficiencyAll above performances evaluated function the road unevenness, acceleration, deceleration, turning regime.The damping characteristic is defined by damping forces at different speed for each strokes respectively one for rebound and other for compression.The contact force road-wheel is defined based tire rigidity law.The stopper buffer forces on rebound and compression are defined based each specific rigidity characteristics.The road excitation is realized with a function generator.The software allow the model evolution visualisation in real time, also generating the diagrams of displacements, forces, accelerations, speeds, for each elements or for relative evolution between diverse elements.The simulation was realized for unloaded and fully loaded car using a road generated by a sum of harmonic functions presented in equation (8).The excitation covers the specific frequencies area, being under the body frequencies up to the wheel proper frequencies.The realized ¼ car model, have reached the goal to evaluate the suspension trim correction advantages.The simulations confirm the trim corrector increases the suspension performances, thus for the analyzed case the trim corrector increase simultaneous:Body-ground clearance (evaluated by body higher increasing) between 18.5÷55.1 %Body stability (evaluated by maximal body displacement) between 9.8÷11.4 %Body comfort (evaluated by maximal body acceleration) between 3.4÷35.5 %Adherence (evaluated by maximal and RMS wheel-groundcontact force variation) between 7.0÷12.1 %Body and axles protection (evaluated by buffer strike force) between 10.8÷38.2 %

A New Vehicle Suspension Semi-Active Control Method for Enhancing Ride Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 968 ◽  
pp. 259-262
Author(s):  
Li Qiang Jin ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Jian Hua Li ◽  
Gang He
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Hybrid Control ◽  
Random Excitation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Acceleration ◽  
The Road ◽  
Vehicle Suspensions ◽  
Quarter Car Model ◽  
Power Spectral

In this paper, a new control theory will be proposed for the purpose of enhancing vehicle ride performance. In the first step, a quarter car model with two DOF will be analyzed after which the classical semi-active control idea and a new control method will be built. Then a new hybrid control model based on body acceleration and classical one will be provided, after which the advantage of this controller will be studied. All the models that proposed will be accomplished through matlab/simulink. The outcome parameters of two types, namely, the body acceleration and the suspension deflection will be compared in frequency domain among three conditions which can be described as passive, classical semi-active control and hybrid control respectively. Then random excitation will be given as the road input to get power spectral density curves for further compare. Though the curves we can easily come into a conclusion that vehicle suspensions armed with this new controller will show the best ride properties which hold practical values.

Scale-Model Test Rig for Passive and Active Suspension Control Comparison

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathanael D. Annis ◽  
Steve C. Southward
Keyword(s):  
Model Simulation ◽  
Active Vibration Control ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Multiple Control ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Suspension Control

This paper presents the design and validation of an experimental test rig for direct visual and analytic comparison of fully active and semi-active suspension control algorithms using electromagnetic actuation. A linear mathematical model simulation of the test rig is presented, as well as experimental validation test results comparing passive against fully active and semi-active skyhook control algorithms. A variety of fully active and semi-active vibration control methods have been developed for primary suspensions. Our goal is to provide a development platform in which new algorithms can easily be implemented, in a cost effective manner on a physical system, and compared against existing algorithms to determine the performance characteristics of each. This platform will provide a standard of evaluation in which multiple control algorithms can be tested, and will help to simplify the design process.

The research and verification of In-Arm Torsional Electromagnetic Active Suspension

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440702096528
Author(s):  
Chengleng Han ◽  
Lin Xu ◽  
Junyi Zou ◽  
Mohamed AA Abdelkareem ◽  
Enkang Cui
Keyword(s):  
Body Height ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
The Body ◽  
Theoretical Principle ◽  
The Road ◽  
New Type ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Vehicle Suspension System ◽  
And Control

This paper designs and manufactures a new type of arm suspension institution named In-Arm Torsional Electromagnetic Active Suspension (ITEAS) according to the structure and characteristic. The paper introduces the function and application scenarios of ITEAS and narrates the research value and scientific significance of the system. At first, the structure and principle of ITEAS are presented briefly, based on which the mathematical model of ITEAS suspension and height adjustment is built and analyzed. Next, the paper studies three critical components of ITEAS respectively. The mathematical solution is found to calculate the stiffness of the torsion bar. The structure and hydrodynamic model of the vane damper is researched, and the simulation model of the absorber is built in AMESim. The paper studies the theoretical principle of height adjustment and obtains the frequency characteristic of “Motor-Load” through the transfer function solved in MATLAB. Therefore, simulation models are built in AMESim in allusion to the three functions in the next chapter to verify the suspension characteristic, the height adjustment and the active displacement control of ITEAS independently. At last, several experiments are conducted on the test bench to check the feasibility of ITEAS. The results show that ITEAS is capable of being used as a vehicle suspension system and has a good impact on mitigation ability under road surface excitation, which enables us to adjust the body height and control the displacement actively according to the road condition.

scholarly journals Active Suspension Control Based on Estimated Road Class for Off-Road Vehicle

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mingde Gong ◽  
Haohao Wang ◽  
Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
The Body ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Fractal Interpolation ◽  
3D Point Cloud ◽  
Height Profile ◽  
The Road

Road input can be provided for a vehicle in advance by using an optical sensor to preview the front terrain and suspension parameters can be adjusted before a corresponding moment to keep the body as smooth as possible and thus improve ride comfort and handling stability. However, few studies have described this phenomenon in detail. In this study, a LiDAR coupled with global positioning and inertial navigation systems was used to obtain the digital terrain in front of a vehicle in the form of a 3D point cloud, which was processed by a statistical filter in the Point Cloud Library for the acquisition of accurate data. Next, the inverse distance weighting interpolation method and fractal interpolation were adopted to extract the road height profile from the 3D point cloud and improve its accuracy. The roughness grade of the road height profile was utilised as the input of active suspension. Then, the active suspension, which was based on an LQG controller, used the analytic hierarchy process method to select proper weight coefficients of performance indicators according to the previously calculated road grade. Finally, the road experiment verified that reasonable selection of active suspension’s LQG controller weightings based on estimated road profile and road class through fractal interpolation can improve the ride comfort and handling stability of the vehicle more than passive suspension did.

The Influence of Tire Damping in Quarter Car Active Suspension Models

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Levitt ◽  
N. G. Zorka
Keyword(s):  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Vertical Acceleration ◽  
Body Acceleration ◽  
Suspension Systems ◽  
Active Suspension Systems ◽  
Quarter Car ◽  
Control Forces ◽  
And Control ◽  
Suspension Models

Setting tire damping to zero when modeling automotive active suspension systems compels the misleading conclusions that, at the wheelhop frequency, no matter what forces are exerted between sprung and unsprung masses, their motion are uncoupled, and the vertical acceleration of the sprung mass will be unaffected. Alternatively, taking tire damping to be small but nonzero, the motions of the sprung and unsprung masses are coupled at all frequencies, and control forces can be used to reduce the sprung mass vertical acceleration at the wheelhop frequency. The effect of introducing tire damping can be quite large. In the case of a force law chosen to enhance ride along a straight smooth road, where road holding is not a major concern, setting the tire damping ratio to 0.02 reduces rms body acceleration by 30 percent.

scholarly journals Vibration Control of Semi-Active Suspension System using Modified Skyhook with Advanced Firefly Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 2129 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
M H Ab Talib ◽  
I Z Mat Darus ◽  
H M Yatim ◽  
M S Hadi ◽  
N M R Shaharuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Firefly Algorithm ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
The Body ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Vehicle System ◽  
Road Profile ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Suspension Control

Abstract The semi-active suspension (SAS) system is a partial suspension device used in the vehicle system to improve the ride comfort and road handling. Due to the high non-linearity of the road profile disturbances plus uncertainties derived from vehicle dynamics, a conventional Skyhook controller is not deemed enough for the vehicle system to improve the performance. A major problem of the implementation of the controller is to optimize a proper parameter as this is an important element in demanding a good controller response. An advanced Firefly Algorithm (AFA) integrated with the modified skyhook (MSky) is proposed to enhance the robustness of the system and thus able to improve the vehicle ride comfort. In this paper, the controller scheme to be known as MSky-AFA was validated via MATLAB simulation environment. A different optimizer based on the original firefly algorithm (FA) is also studied in order to compute the parameter of the MSky controller. This control scheme to be known as MSky-FA was evaluated and compared to the proposed MSky-AFA as well as the passive suspension control. The results clearly exhibit more superior and better response of the MSky-AFA in reducing the body acceleration and displacement amplitude in comparison to the MSky-FA and passive counterparts for a sinusoidal road profile condition.

Ride Comfort Analysis of Sedan Car using Quarter Car Suspension System Modelling and Simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
High Tech ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Front Suspension ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Quarter Car

With the application of high-tech technology in automobile industry, more attention is given to the ride performance which will directly affect the comfort and safety of the passenger/driver. This paper is focused on the study of vehicle ride performance using vehicle simulation model. Two degrees of freedom quarter car model of vehicle with Macpherson front suspension from Santana 2000Gsi saloon car is established. The parameters of the simulation model include the suspension stiffness, damping coefficient of shock absorber and the road excitation. The road surface excitation is gained by using white noise integral method. By inputting the calculated basic parameters into suspension simulation model, the ride performance can be evaluated. The parameters can be adjusted such that the vibration characteristics to be more intuitive, which further laid the basis for accurate vibration control.

scholarly journals Single Tyre System Design and Implementation using Optimization based PI Controller

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S5) ◽  
pp. 90-92
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
System Design ◽  
Pi Controller ◽  
The Body ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Body Acceleration ◽  
Proportional Integral ◽  
The Road ◽  
Design And Implementation

This work described in the paper to show the implementation of Proportional Integral (PI) controller, Genetic algorithm based PI (GAPI), and Particle swarm optimization based PI (PSO-PI) for a Quarter Car System. The trip comfort is developed by means of the decrease of the body acceleration caused by the car body, due to the smoothness of the road. This paper tells about the model and controllers used in the study and discuss the vehicle response results. In the conclusion, a comparison of PI, GA-PI, and PSO-PI is shown using MATLAB simulations.

Wheelbase preview control of an active suspension with a disturbance-decoupled observer to improve vehicle ride comfort

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (6) ◽  
pp. 1725-1745
Author(s):  
Baek-soon Kwon ◽  
Daejun Kang ◽  
Kyongsu Yi
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Study ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Preview Control ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Disturbance ◽  
Suspension Control

This article deals with the design of a partial preview active suspension control algorithm for the improvement of vehicle ride comfort. Generally, while preview-controlled active suspension systems have even greater potential than feedback-controlled systems, their main challenge is obtaining preview information of the road profile ahead. A critical drawback of the “look-ahead” sensors is an increased risk of incorrect detection influenced by water, snow, and other soft obstacles on the road. In this work, a feasible wheelbase preview suspension control algorithm without information about the road elevation has been developed based on a novel 3-degree-of-freedom full-car dynamic model which incorporates only the vehicle body dynamics. The main advantage of the employed vehicle model is that the system disturbance input vector consists of vertical wheel accelerations that can be measured easily. The measured acceleration information of the front wheels is used for predictive control of the rear suspension to stabilize the body motion. The suspension state estimator has also been designed to completely remove the effect of unknown road disturbance on the state estimation error. The estimation performance of an observer is verified via a simulation study and field tests. The performance of the proposed suspension controller is evaluated on a frequency domain and time domain via a simulation study. It is shown that the vehicle ride comfort can be improved more by the proposed wheelbase preview control approach than by the feedback approach.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document