scholarly journals Poverty in the EU using augmented measures of financial resources: The role of assets and debt

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 496-516
Author(s):  
Sarah Kuypers ◽  
Ive Marx
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Low Educated ◽  
The Eu

Despite clear limitations, poverty research in the rich world overwhelmingly relies on income-based measures. Households may have significant savings and assets that they can draw on to boost their living standards, but may also have debts that depress the living standard they can actually achieve with their disposable income. Using data from the Eurosystem Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS), this article offers a picture of poverty in 17 EU countries that takes into account assets and debt, using various approaches. While earlier studies have found that poverty rates tend to be lower when wealth is accounted for, this study highlights the situation of those who become or remain poor even when savings and assets are included. It focuses both on within-country patterns of joint income–wealth poverty and on cross-country differences. It is shown that the elderly are generally less prone to being poor once assets are accounted for. However, for renter households with a young, female, low educated, unemployed or inactive and single head, the risk of being poor when assets and debt are accounted for remains high and in some cases even increases. That is generally the case because they have few assets, rather than because of high debts. The substantial variation in poverty rates observed across countries can to some extent be accounted for by socio-demographic factors, but a lot of variation still remains unaccounted for.

scholarly journals Poverty in the EU Using Augmented Measures of Financial Resources: The Role of Assets and Debt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Kuypers ◽  
Ive Marx
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Low Educated ◽  
The Eu

Despite clear limitations, poverty research in the rich world overwhelmingly relies on income-based measures. Households may have significant savings and assets that they can draw on to boost their living standards, but may also have debts that depress the living standard they can actually achieve with their disposable income. Using data from the Eurosystem Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) this paper offers a picture of poverty in 17 EU countries that takes into account assets and debt, using various approaches. While earlier studies have found that poverty rates tend to be lower when wealth is accounted for, this study highlights the situation of those who become or remain poor even when savings and assets are included. It focusses both on within country patterns of joint income-wealth poverty as on cross-country differences. It is shown that the elderly are generally less prone to being poor once assets are accounted for. However, for renter households with a young, female, low educated, unemployed or inactive and single head, the risk of being poor when assets and debt are accounted for remains high and in some cases even increases. That is generally the case because they have few assets, rather than because of high debts. The substantial variation in poverty rates observed across countries can to some extent be accounted for by socio-demographic factors but a lot of variation still remains unaccounted for. (Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Working Paper)

scholarly journals The Road More Travelled: The Differential Effects of Spatial Experience in Young and Elderly Participants

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 709
Author(s):  
Antonella Lopez ◽  
Alessandro Germani ◽  
Luigi Tinella ◽  
Alessandro Oronzo Caffò ◽  
Albert Postma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Representations ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Road ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
Coordinate Spatial Relations ◽  
Categorical Spatial Relations ◽  
The Relationship

Our spatial mental representations allow us to give refined descriptions of the environment in terms of the relative locations and distances between objects and landmarks. In this study, we investigated the effects of familiarity with the everyday environment, in terms of frequency of exploration and mode of transportation, on categorical and coordinate spatial relations, on young and elderly participants, controlling for socio-demographic factors. Participants were tested with a general anamnesis, a neuropsychological assessment, measures of explorations and the Landmark Positioning on a Map task. The results showed: (a) a modest difference in performance with categorical spatial relations; (b) a larger difference in coordinate spatial relations; (c) a significant moderating effect of age on the relationship between familiarity and spatial relations, with a stronger relation among the elderly than the young. Ceteris paribus, the role of direct experience with exploring their hometown on spatial mental representations appeared to be more important in the elderly than in the young. This advantage appears to make the elderly wiser and likely protects them from the detrimental effects of aging on spatial mental representations.

The Role of Manual Occupation in the Aetiology of Dupuytren’s Disease in Men in England and Wales

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. KHAN ◽  
O. J. RIDER ◽  
C. U. JAYADEV ◽  
C. HERAS-PALOU ◽  
H. GIELE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Dupuytren’S Disease ◽  
Dupuytren's Disease ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Occupational Social Class ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Manual Occupation

We compared the incidence of significant Dupuytren’s disease in men across occupational social classes in England and Wales, using data from the National Morbidity Survey. We found that manual occupational social class was not associated with an increased incidence of Dupuytren’s disease. In fact, the incidence rates of Dupuytren’s disease in the elderly were higher in non-manual than in manual social classes.

Parent–Child Connections on Social Networking Sites and Cyberbullying

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1145-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo S. Mesch
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Digital Citizenship ◽  
Young Adolescents ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Parent Child

This study examines the role of a parent–child connection on social networking sites on negative online experiences of young adolescents. Using data from a secondary analysis of teenagers (aged 12 to 17 years old) who participated in the 2011 Teens and Digital Citizenship Survey and controlling for their participation in risky online activities and socio-demographic factors, the study establishes that children reporting having a parent as a social networking friend are less likely to be victims of cyberbullying. Furthermore, the parent–child connection on social networking sites apparently has a specific protective effect that might result from the children’s disclosure of information to their parents through the mechanism of friending. The implications of the findings are discussed.

scholarly journals The contribution of organized food retail to the Greek socio-economic development during the years of economic crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4, special issue) ◽  
pp. 326-335
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Zisoudis ◽  
Eleni Zafeiriou ◽  
Alexandros Garefalakis ◽  
Konstantinos Spinthiropoulos ◽  
Stavros Garefalakis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
National Income ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Chain Stores ◽  
Retail Chain ◽  
The Eu

The economic crisis in the EU had severe impacts not only on the performance of the domestic economy but also on the living standard for the citizens. The extended spread of this crisis resulted in limitation in the disposable income and significant negative changes have taken place with negative consequences for the corporate economic performance and competitiveness (de Jorge Moreno, Castillo, & de Zuani Masere, 2010). Within the dominance of certain conditions of economic crisis, there are a few firms that act as lighting exceptions. The present work makes an effort, to unveil the role of selected supermarket retail chain stores in the performance of certain macroeconomic parameters and therefore to illustrate the mechanism through which the restoration of the economy in Greece becomes feasible. More specifically, based on data derived by Eurostat and Greek National Statistics with the assistance of the findings of present analysis that validate a significant contribution of the firms studied to macroeconomic parameters such as national income or employment it may provide policymakers with knowledge tools to promote corporate efforts of this type and in sequence to lead the macroeconomic system in a trajectory of economic growth.

scholarly journals On the relative role of different age groups during epidemics associated with the respiratory syncytial virus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Goldstein ◽  
H. H. Nguyen ◽  
P. Liu ◽  
C. Viboud ◽  
C.A. Steiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Contact Rates ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Using Data

AbstractBackgroundWhile RSV circulation results in high burden of hospitalization, particularly among infants, young children and the elderly, little is known about the role of different age groups in propagating annual RSV epidemics in the community.MethodsDuring a communicable disease outbreak, some subpopulations may play a disproportionate role during the outbreak's ascent due to increased susceptibility and/or contact rates. Such subpopulations can be identified by considering the proportion that cases in a subpopulation represent among all cases in the population occurring before (Bp) and after the epidemic peak (Ap) to calculate the subpopulation's relative risk, RR=Bp/Ap. We estimated RR for several age groups using data on RSV hospitalizations in the US between 2001-2012 from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP).ResultsChildren aged 3-4y and 5-6y each had the highest RR estimate for 5/11 seasons in the data, with RSV hospitalization rates in infants being generally higher during seasons when children aged 5-6y had the highest RR estimates. Children aged 2y had the highest RR estimate during one season. RR estimates in infants and individuals aged 11y and older were mostly lower than in children aged 1-10y.ConclusionsThe RR estimates suggest that preschool and young school-age children have the leading relative roles during RSV epidemics. We hope that those results will aid in the design of RSV vaccination policies.

scholarly journals Educational Pairings and Fertility Across Europe: How Do the Low-Educated Fare?

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Nitsche ◽  
Anna Matysiak ◽  
Jan Van Bavel ◽  
Daniele Vignoli
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Transition Rates ◽  
Resource Pooling ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Low Educated ◽  
The Eu

Recent research suggests that the fertility-education relationship may be mediated by the educational attainment of the partner, especially among the tertiary-educated. However, there are no studies focusing on the couple-education-fertility nexus among couples who achieved only basic educational attainment, even though resource pooling theory predicts differences in family formation by couples’ joint levels of socio-economic resources. We address this research gap and investigate how educational pairings among married and cohabiting partners relate to second and third birth transitions across 22 European countries, using data from the EU-SILC (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) panel and discrete time event history models. Our findings show significantly lower second and third birth transition rates among homogamous low-educated couples compared to heterogamous couples with one low- and one medium or highly-educated partner in the Nordic countries, but not across the rest of Europe. However, couples with one or two low-educated partners have significantly lower second birth rates compared with couples with two highly-educated partners in all European regions.

scholarly journals DAPATKAH TRANSFER UANG ANTAR GENERASI MENJELASKAN TREND PARTISIPASI ANGKATAN KERJA LANJUT USIA DI INDONESIA?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Ratu Eva Febriani
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Indonesia Family Life Survey ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Family ◽  
Using Data

Changes in population structure leading to the aging of the population is a challenge in development. In Indonesia, the majority of elderly people are still working and most of them are poor. There are limitations as well as the role of government in protecting the lives of the elderly population to encourage a greater role of the family. Intergenerational Transfer is a solution that can be used to maintain the life of elderly people remain prosperous. Using data from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 2007 and the probit analysis technique, this study provides important results to confirm the position of intergenerational transfers in reducing the level of participation of elderly people in the labor market.

The Role of Securitization Market in the Post-Crisis European Economic Recovery

2016 ◽  
pp. 511-523
Author(s):  
Oxana Karnaukhova ◽  
Inna Nekrasova
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Using Data ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Eu

European national economies begin to recover, and securitization can play an important role in supporting both monetary and financial stability. In particular, securitization may allow banks to lend without over-committing of the capital and other sources of funding, and thereby to provide indirect market access to borrowers. Otherwise, such borrowers as SME's are not able to tap markets directly. At the same time securitization suffers from stigma, reflecting both its adverse reputation among investors and conservatism among regulators and standard-setters. This is the consequence of misaligned incentives in years prior to the financial crisis, when industry participants became entwined in a self-reinforcing dynamic between demand and supply of securitizations. Using data accessible within the period of 2009-2014, the chapter will input by the analysis of transformation in the securitization market within the post-crisis economic recovery of the EU.

scholarly journals Determining the regional potential for development of industry 4.0

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivaylo Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Capital Region ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Balkan States ◽  
The Eu

Industry 4.0 demands specific conditions and resources from regions. Determining and assessing the potential of regions helps to improve the processes of decision-making of different stakeholders. This study aimed to present an approach for ranking regions. A new tool called the Regional Industrial Index (RII) was designed based on a set of 10 indicators. The RII was tested using data from regions in Bulgaria at NUTS 3 level for three years and showed the leading role of the capital region. Similar studies conducted in other countries of the EU and the Balkan states can be used for a comparative perspective. The research contributes to the scientific and practical discourse in the decision-making process for choosing the most relevant regions for developing Industry 4.0.

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