Father Involvement in the First Year After Prison: Considerations for Social Work

2021 ◽  
pp. 104973152110228
Author(s):  
Pajarita Charles ◽  
Emma Frankham ◽  
Rachel C. Garthe ◽  
Christy A. Visher ◽  
Anna L. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Father Involvement ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
First Year ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Paternal Incarceration ◽  
Release Potential ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Justice Practice

Purpose: Paternal incarceration poses significant concerns for fathers and their children. Despite the known negative consequences, little is understood about father involvement after prison. This study aims to further understanding of fatherhood following incarceration to inform future intervention strategies. Method: Using data from the Urban Institute’s Returning Home: Understanding the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry Study ( N = 326), we conduct bivariate and multivariate analyses to examine three dimensions of father involvement and predictors of involvement at two time points after prison. Results: Findings reveal generally high levels of father involvement in the first year following incarceration. Father-child contact during prison and increased work hours after prison showed positive effects on early father involvement, while post-prison engagement and contact following release were associated with later involvement. Conclusions: Promoting father-child contact and positive relationships during incarceration may be important for future father involvement after release. Potential social work and criminal justice practice and research opportunities are discussed.

External supports in reward-based crowdfunding campaigns

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 626-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheshi Bao ◽  
Taozhen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
External Supports ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Film And Video ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss some drivers which can promote reward-based crowdfunding campaigns and then compare their effects on two categories of cultural and creative projects. Design/methodology/approach The authors first distinguished the roles of “intrinsic qualities” and “external supports” in crowdfunding campaigns. Then based on the theories of reward-based crowdfunding, impression management and social capital, a research model was built to discuss the effects of external supports and a comparative study was conducted by using data collected from Kickstarter.com. Findings It indicates that the three dimensions of external supports (reward support, impression support, and relationship support) have positive effects on film and video and publishing projects. Besides, the authors also found that “category of a project” can moderate the relationship between impression support and crowdfunding performance. The effect of impression support on visual works is different from that on printed works. Research limitations/implications These findings not only prove that external supports actually play an important role in crowdfunding campaigns, but also reveal that for different categories of cultural and creative crowdfunding projects, the effects of external supports are different. Some other theoretical and practical implications are also provided. Originality/value This research reveals some details about the important role of external supports in crowdfunding campaigns and compares their effects on different categories of cultural and creative projects. It can provide useful suggestions for improving reward-based crowdfunding performance.

Workplace Ostracism and Its Negative Outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Zheng ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Hang-Yue Ngo ◽  
Xiao-Yu Liu ◽  
Wengjuan Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Workplace Ostracism ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Workplace ostracism, conceived as to being ignored or excluded by others, has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. One essential topic in this area is how to reduce or even eliminate the negative consequences of workplace ostracism. Based on conservation of resources (COR) theory, the current study assesses the relationship between workplace ostracism and its negative outcomes, as well as the moderating role played by psychological capital, using data collected from 256 employees in three companies in the northern part of China. The study yields two important findings: (1) workplace ostracism is positively related to intention to leave and (2) psychological capital moderates the effect of workplace ostracism on affective commitment and intention to leave. This paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for organizations and employees, along with recommendations for future research.

HOW CLIMATE CHANGE CAN INFLUENCE THE AGRICULTURE IN UKRAINE: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Maidanovych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this work is to review and analyze the main results of modern research on the impact of climate change on the agro-sphere of Ukraine. Results. Analysis of research has shown that the effects of climate change on the agro-sphere are already being felt today and will continue in the future. The observed climate changes in recent decades have already significantly affected the shift in the northern direction of all agro-climatic zones of Europe, including Ukraine. From the point of view of productivity of the agro-sphere of Ukraine, climate change will have both positive and negative consequences. The positives include: improving the conditions of formation and reducing the harvesting time of crop yields; the possibility of effective introduction of late varieties (hybrids), which require more thermal resources; improving the conditions for overwintering crops; increase the efficiency of fertilizer application. Model estimates of the impact of climate change on wheat yields in Ukraine mainly indicate the positive effects of global warming on yields in the medium term, but with an increase in the average annual temperature by 2 ° C above normal, grain yields are expected to decrease. The negative consequences of the impact of climate change on the agrosphere include: increased drought during the growing season; acceleration of humus decomposition in soils; deterioration of soil moisture in the southern regions; deterioration of grain quality and failure to ensure full vernalization of grain; increase in the number of pests, the spread of pathogens of plants and weeds due to favorable conditions for their overwintering; increase in wind and water erosion of the soil caused by an increase in droughts and extreme rainfall; increasing risks of freezing of winter crops due to lack of stable snow cover. Conclusions. Resource-saving agricultural technologies are of particular importance in the context of climate change. They include technologies such as no-till, strip-till, ridge-till, which make it possible to partially store and accumulate mulch on the soil surface, reduce the speed of the surface layer of air and contribute to better preservation of moisture accumulated during the autumn-winter period. And in determining the most effective ways and mechanisms to reduce weather risks for Ukrainian farmers, it is necessary to take into account the world practice of climate-smart technologies.

Neural networks trained with high-dimensional functions approximation data in high-dimensional space

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jian Zheng ◽  
Jianfeng Wang ◽  
Yanping Chen ◽  
Shuping Chen ◽  
Jingjin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Data Distribution ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Sufficient Data ◽  
High Dimensional Space ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Neural Networks ◽  
Using Data

Neural networks can approximate data because of owning many compact non-linear layers. In high-dimensional space, due to the curse of dimensionality, data distribution becomes sparse, causing that it is difficulty to provide sufficient information. Hence, the task becomes even harder if neural networks approximate data in high-dimensional space. To address this issue, according to the Lipschitz condition, the two deviations, i.e., the deviation of the neural networks trained using high-dimensional functions, and the deviation of high-dimensional functions approximation data, are derived. This purpose of doing this is to improve the ability of approximation high-dimensional space using neural networks. Experimental results show that the neural networks trained using high-dimensional functions outperforms that of using data in the capability of approximation data in high-dimensional space. We find that the neural networks trained using high-dimensional functions more suitable for high-dimensional space than that of using data, so that there is no need to retain sufficient data for neural networks training. Our findings suggests that in high-dimensional space, by tuning hidden layers of neural networks, this is hard to have substantial positive effects on improving precision of approximation data.

scholarly journals Positive effects of medical hypnosis on test anxiety in first year medical students

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Christian M. Hammer ◽  
Michael Scholz ◽  
Larissa Bischofsberger ◽  
Alexander Hammer ◽  
Benedikt Kleinsasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
First Year ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
First Year Medical Students

scholarly journals Explanatory Styles of Counsellors in Training

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda Boyer ◽  
Paul Jerry ◽  
Gwen R. Rempel ◽  
James Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Explanatory Style ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
First Year ◽  
Client Outcomes ◽  
Counsellor Training ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Positive Expectancy ◽  
Explanatory Styles

AbstractExplanatory style is based on how one explains good and bad events according to three dimensions: personalization, permanence, and pervasiveness. With an optimistic explanatory style, good events are explained as personal, permanent, and pervasive, whereas bad events are explained as external, temporary, and specific. For counsellors, an optimistic explanatory style creates positive expectancy judgments about the possibilities and opportunities for successful client outcomes. In this research study, we explored the explanatory styles expressed in 400 events (200 good events and 200 bad events) extracted from 38,013 writing samples of first year and final year graduate level counsellors in training. Across the three optimism dimensions and within good and bad events, there was one occurrence of a positive relationship between counsellor training time and the amount of expressed optimism. The implications of this study include the need to cultivate optimistic explanatory styles of counsellors in training and practicing counsellors.

scholarly journals Trait attributions and threat appraisals explain why an entity theory of personality predicts greater internalizing symptoms during adolescence

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Eunjin Seo ◽  
Hae Yeon Lee ◽  
Jeremy P. Jamieson ◽  
Harry Reis ◽  
Robert A. Josephs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
First Year ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Entity Theory ◽  
Multiple Datasets ◽  
Threat Appraisals ◽  
Challenge And Threat

Abstract Adolescents who hold an entity theory of personality – the belief that people cannot change – are more likely to report internalizing symptoms during the socially stressful transition to high school. It has been puzzling, however, why a cognitive belief about the potential for change predicts symptoms of an affective disorder. The present research integrated three models – implicit theories, hopelessness theories of depression, and the biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat – to shed light on this issue. Study 1 replicated the link between an entity theory and internalizing symptoms by synthesizing multiple datasets (N = 6,910). Study 2 examined potential mechanisms underlying this link using 8-month longitudinal data and 10-day diary reports during the stressful first year of high school (N = 533, 3,199 daily reports). The results showed that an entity theory of personality predicted increases in internalizing symptoms through tendencies to make fixed trait causal attributions about the self and maladaptive (i.e., “threat”) stress appraisals. The findings support an integrative model whereby situation-general beliefs accumulate negative consequences for psychopathology via situation-specific attributions and appraisals.

Let’s Drink to Being Socially Active: Family Characteristics, Social Participation, and Alcohol Abuse across Mid- and Later-life

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-469
Author(s):  
Eric M. Vogelsang ◽  
Joseph T. Lariscy
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Marital Dissolution ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Linked Lives ◽  
Using Data

Researchers and practitioners often extol the health benefits of social relationships and social participation for older adults. Yet they often ignore how these same bonds and activities may contribute to negative health behaviors. Using data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (16,065 observations from 7,007 respondents), we examined how family characteristics, family history, and social participation predicted three measures of alcohol abuse between ages 53 and 71. Results indicate that, generally, greater social participation is associated with increased drinking days per month. We also found that religious participation and having ever lived with an alcoholic are each associated with reporting possible alcohol dependence but not with alcohol consumption itself. Lastly, we identified gendered associations between marital dissolution and drinking behavior. These findings contextualize the increasing rates of alcohol abuse among older adults by emphasizing the possible negative consequences of “linked lives” on health via relationship stress and group norms.

Curtain Down on Act One: Practice Learning in the First Year of the New Social Work Award

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Doel ◽  
Lynda Deacon ◽  
Catherine Sawdon
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
First Year ◽  
Act One

Risk Analysis for Knowledge Sharing in Tax Payment

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-37
Author(s):  
Zahra Kazemi ◽  
Ahmad Jafari Samimi ◽  
Hamed Fazlollahtabar
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The People ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Tax Payments ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Tax Payers

One way to finance government expenditures is to collect taxes. Regarding to this financial source compared with other sources positive tax knowledge sharing amongst people or tax payers lead to effective investment. Unlike developing countries in developed countries - that taxes have little effects - almost all government expenditures is financed by taxes. One of the main challenges in the tax system is how to collect taxes due to tax evasion. The main reason is the uncertainty surrounding how government uses the taxes paid by the people. A major factor in the outbreak of the sense of failure to pay taxes, is the discussion and sharing the viewpoint of each other. If there is any positive tax effect prevalence of speech among people motivate them to pay more and if not, paying taxes is impaired. Therefore in order to avoid disorderliness in paying taxes that lead to a reduction in the development growth rate of investing taxes in industry and services sectors procedures should be designed so that taxes spread in speech with more quality. In this article five categories that people share their knowledge about them with each other, have been proposed. Defining risk structure and using data from surveying form the risk values of tax payment the results indicate that sharing tax knowledge amongst people have positive effects on tax payments.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document