scholarly journals Social Status and Adolescent Physical Activity: Expanding the Insurance Hypothesis to Incorporate Energy Expenditure

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Lee ◽  
Michelle I. Cardel
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Insurance Hypothesis ◽  
Adolescent Physical Activity ◽  
Infrastructure Policy ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
The Relationship

Low social status (SS) is a determinant of poor health status and is associated with increased disease burden. Obesity affects 20.6% of American adolescents, most of whom are from low-SS families. Contributors to the development of obesity among adolescents include sedentary behavior and low levels of physical activity. Environmental determinants—infrastructure, policy, and social relationships—influence engagement in physical activity and are affected by SS. Significant declines in physical activity have been documented during adolescence, and adolescents of low SS engage in significantly less physical activity per week than those with high SS. This article briefly reviews the literature on the relationship between SS and physical activity in adolescents and introduces a proposed biological mechanism that may explain that relationship. Characterizing the effects that SS can have on physical activity may help tailor clinical interventions and public health campaigns seeking to improve adolescent physical activity and weight management, thus increasing their effectiveness. This may be particularly beneficial for underserved populations.

scholarly journals Physical activity trajectories following gynecological cancer: results from a prospective, longitudinal cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1784-1790
Author(s):  
Steven Fleming ◽  
Tamara Jones ◽  
Monika Janda ◽  
Dimitrios Vagenas ◽  
Leigh Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

BackgroundParticipating in physical activity after a diagnosis of cancer is associated with reduced morbidity and improved outcomes. However, declines in, and low levels of, physical activity are well documented in the broader cancer population, but with limited evidence following gynecological cancer.ObjectiveTo describe physical activity levels from before and up to 2 years after gynecological cancer surgery; to explore the relationship between physical activity patterns and quality of life; and to describe characteristics associated with physical activity trajectories post-gynecological cancer.MethodsWomen with gynecological cancer (n=408) participated in a prospective study that assessed physical activity and quality of life pre-surgery (baseline), at 6 weeks, and 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 24 months post-surgery. Validated questionnaires were used to assess physical activity (Active Australia Survey) and quality of life outcomes (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General). Generalized estimating equation modeling, group-based trajectory analysis, and analysis of variance were used to identify physical activity levels over time, to categorize women into physical activity trajectory groups, and to assess the relationship between physical activity levels and quality of life, respectively.ResultsWomen had a mean±SD age of 60±11.4 years at diagnosis, with the majority diagnosed with endometrial cancer (n=235, 58%) or stage I disease (n=241, 59%). Most women (80%) started with and maintained low levels of physical activity (1–10 metabolic equivalent task hours per week), reported no physical activity throughout the follow-up period, or reduced physical activity levels over time. Only 19% of women maintained or doubled physical activity levels, so that by 24 months post-diagnosis they were engaging in sufficient levels of physical activity. Women with endometrial cancer (58% of the sample) were more likely to be overweight or obese and to report low levels of physical activity or none at all. Higher physical activity levels were associated with higher quality of life (p<0.05).ConclusionThe low baseline and surveillance levels of physical activity show that the vast majority of gynecological cancer survivors have the ability to improve their physical activity levels. Integration of physical activity advice and support into standard care could lead to gains in quality of life during gynecological cancer survivorship.

Exploring the relationship between adolescent physical activity and anthropometric parameters

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greig Logan ◽  
Nigel Harris ◽  
Scott Duncan ◽  
Erica Hinckson ◽  
Grant Schofield
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Adolescent Physical Activity ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Physical Activity During Early Childhood: The Importance of Parental Modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Christine A. Crumbley ◽  
Tracey A. Ledoux ◽  
Craig A. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Parental Modeling ◽  
The Family ◽  
Public Health Campaigns

Increasing physical activity (PA) is a critical issue in improving overall health. Prior attempts by public health campaigns to promote PA through health-focused messaging have faced challenges. As PA and sedentary behaviors are developed during the early childhood period (ages 0 to 5 years), this stage represents a unique opportunity for clinicians to encourage activity at the family level. Clinicians should discuss the holistic benefits of PA, including the development of social skills and relationships, motor skills that could be applicable to sports later in life, and cognitive skills that could translate to academic achievements in school. For PA to occur in children, parents should also be engaged in and model the PA behaviors, increasing the likelihood of young children learning to be physically active.

scholarly journals Assessment of Household Work as Compensation for Physical Activity Deficit Amongst Older Adults in a Nigerian Urban Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eucharia O. Ejechi ◽  
◽  
May O. Esiri
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Household Work ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Household Chores ◽  
Public Health Campaigns

Urban older adults tend to be physically inactive and often remain indoors. Household work of a sample of 300 urban-dwelling adults (50-65 years) from a Nigerian state capital was therefore investigated for physical activity (PA) levels. Questionnaire on participation in household tasks, time and days/week for the tasks, awareness of health benefits of PA and household work as exercise was used. Greater participation occurred in household chores than outdoor/yard work (70.0 vs 44.0%) while participation varied with specific chores (55.0-70.0%) and yard work (28.7-34.0%). Gender, education, age and living with spouse or children/helper were associated with performance of household chores (P<0.05) as well as with yard work except living with spouse. Prevalence of low-intensity household PA was high with only 0.9-13.8% attaining moderate-intensity level and no vigorous-intensity. Low prevalence of awareness of PA health benefits (32.3%) and household work as exercise (14.4%) was observed, but were related to good performance of household work (OR, 1.50-1.55; CL, 0.55-3.54). The finding that 13% of the respondents attained moderate-intensity PA indicated the potential of household work to compensate for the absence of other physical activities. Thus public health campaigns based on household work as exercise in a gender sensitive African society becomes necessary.

scholarly journals Physical activity, sugar-sweetened beverages, whole grain bread and insomnia among adolescents and psychological distress in adulthood: prospective data from the population-based HUNT study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Løvheim Kleppang ◽  
Karin de Ridder ◽  
Siri Håvås Haugland ◽  
Tonje Holte Stea
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Low Consumption

Abstract Background In this study, we examined the relationship between low levels of physical activity, high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and low consumption of whole grain bread and experiencing insomnia in adolescence and psychological distress in young adults. Methods This prospective study was based on information retrieved from the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) in Norway and included adolescents (age 13–19) participating in Young-HUNT3 (2006–2008) and in HUNT4 (2017–2019) 11 years later (age 23–31). The study sample consisted of 2,230 participants (1,287 females and 943 males). The exposure variables collected in adolescence included self-reported physical activity, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and whole grain bread and insomnia, and psychological distress in young adulthood was used as an outcome variable. The relationship between lifestyle behaviours in adolescence and psychological distress in young adulthood was examined using multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for gender, age and psychological distress in adolescence and educational level in young adulthood. Results An increased odds of psychological distress was shown among young adults who reported low levels of physical activity (OR: 1.44, 95 % CI: 1.10–2.89), high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (OR: 1.49, 95 % CI: 1.12–1.98), low consumption of whole grain bread (OR: 1.35, 95 % CI: 1.04–1.77) and insomnia (OR: 1.69, 95 % CI: 1.23–2.33) in adolescence. In terms of absolute differences, unhealthy lifestyle behaviours increased the risk of psychological distress in young adulthood between 3.18 (95 % CI: 0.29–6.07) (low whole grain bread consumption) and 6.01 (95 % CI: 1.95–10.07) (insomnia) percentage points. Conclusions Low levels of physical activity, high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and low consumption of whole grain bread and insomnia during adolescence were associated with psychological distress in young adulthood.

Physical Activity and Fundamental Movement Skills of 3- to 5-Year-Old Children in Irish Preschool Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Duff ◽  
Johann Issartel ◽  
Wesley O’ Brien ◽  
Sarahjane Belton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Other ◽  
Movement Skills ◽  
Fundamental Movement Skills ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to quantify levels of physical activity (PA) and fundamental movement skills (FMS) of children aged 3 to 5 years in Irish preschool services during care hours, and investigate the relationship between these two variables. Data were collected from 141 children (50.3% boys, age M = 3.9 ± 0.5 years) across 9 preschool services. Measurements included PA via accelerometry, and proficiency in four FMS (run, vertical jump, throw and catch). The recommended guideline of 15 minutes of PA per hour (min PA/hour) was met by 35% of children (M = 13.6 min PA/hour). Significant differences in mean PA per hour were found by gender, with boys (14.2 min PA/hour) more active than girls (13.0 min PA/ hour), and age, with younger children (14.2 min PA/hour) more active than older (12.6 minutes PA/hour). Percentage of children proficient in the run was high (88.4%), but low across the other skills (4.9%–18.5%). Significant differences were identified by gender for vertical jump with girls scoring higher than boys. No significant relationship was found between FMS and total PA. Low levels of PA and FMS proficiency highlight need for intervention in early years settings to ensure children develop skills to participate in PA.

Culture and COVID-19 Casualties: Public Health Through the Lens of Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiali Wang ◽  
Cesar Bandera ◽  
Zhipeng Yan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Culture Dimensions ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND Hofstede’s Culture Dimensions (HCD) are the most prevalent metrics with which social scientists distinguish cultural differences between countries. In this study, we examine the relationships between HCD and the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, we investigate how differences in COVID-19 infection, death and recovery between countries correlate with differences in individualism (IDV), indulgence (IVR) and power distance index (PDI). OBJECTIVE The paper explores the relationship between certain Hofstede’s Culture Dimensions and COVID-19 statistics. METHODS We used multiple linear regressions to interpret statistical and economic significances. RESULTS IDV is found to be significantly associated with death rate and recovery rate globally, while IVR and PDI do not seem to be significantly relevant. None of the three dimensions are significantly related to the global infection rate. CONCLUSIONS These results have implications for the design of public health campaigns on preventing COVID-19 infection and compliance with vaccination campaigns. Some practical strategies have been proposed for public health officials to help mitigate COVID 19 spread. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable

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