scholarly journals Herbicidal Activity of Curvulinic Acid Isolated from Nimbya alternantherae

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Yonghao Ye ◽  
Xiaoyang Wang ◽  
Liyao Dong
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Liquid Cultures ◽  
First Time ◽  
Phytotoxic Compound

A phytotoxic compound, identified as 2-(2-acetyl-3,5-dihydroxyphenyl) acetic acid (curvulinic acid), was isolated from liquid cultures of the phytopathogenic fungus Nimbya alternantherae. The activity of curvulinic acid on seed germination and seedling growth of Capsella bursa-pastoris was evaluated. Percentage seed germination of C. bursa-pastoris was decreased with increasing concentrations of curvulinic acid. The compound had stronger inhibitory effects on root length than shoot length. At a concentration of 600 μg·mL−1, curvulinic acid caused 73.5% and 66.7% growth inhibition on roots and shoots with IC50 values of 204.7 and 281.1 μg·mL−1, respectively. The finding of curvulinic acid in N. alternantherae and its herbicidal activity are reported here for the first time.

scholarly journals Influence of GA3 and IAA and their Frequency of Application on Seed Germination and Seedling Quality Characters

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
M. Subash ◽  
Haseena Rafath ◽  
J. Lalitha
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Regulatory Effect ◽  
Seedling Characters ◽  
And Control

Effect of plant growth regulators on seed germination and seedling characters in terms of root length and shoot length. The seeds of sesame variety TVM – 1 were treated with different concentration of gibberlic acid (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 mg/l) and indole acetic acid (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 mg/l). From the results, it was observed that the GA3 and IAA at 2.0mg/l had regulatory effect on seed germination and seedling characters. Maximum germination, root length and shoot length was observed at 2.0mg/l in GA3 and 2.0mg/l in IAA than control. And GA3 at 2.0gm/l was found to be more efficient to modify seed germination and seedling characters when compared to IAA and control.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF DROUGHT TOLERANT WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER WATER DEFICIT CONDITIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid Chachar ◽  
N. A. Chachar ◽  
Q.I. Chachar ◽  
S.M Mujtaba ◽  
G.A Chachar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Maximum Reduction ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Climate change is emerging phenomena and causing frequent drought which lead to scaricity of water, which ultimately nagetively affecting wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) yield all around the world. The aim of this study was to explore the potential deought tolerant wheat genotypes for candidate genes exploration. This study was conducted during the year 2014-2015 at Plant Physiology Division, Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA) Tandojam. The six wheat genotypes (cv. MT-1/13, MT-2/13, MT-3/13, MT-4/13 Chakwal-86 and Khirman) were investigated for their response at germination and seedling stage under different water stress treatments (0, -0.5, -0.75 and -1.0 MPa) in controlled conditions. The results of experiments with reference to genotypes revealed that genotype Chakwal-86 shows maximum seed germination (82.58 %), while the genotype Khirman shows maximum shoot length  (7.23 cm), root length  (15.1 cm), shoot fresh wt. (5.85 g 10-1shoots), root fresh wt.  (3.45 g 10-1roots), shoot dry wt. (1.33 g 10-1shoots), root dry wt. (0.69 g 10-1roots). Among the genotypes tested Khirman and MT-4/13 are the tolerant genotypes had the potential to perform better under drought conditions, whereas  MT-4/13 and Chakwal-86 were moderate tolerant under water stress conditions. Moreover, the genotypes i.e. MT-1/13 and MT-2/13 are the sensitive genotypes under drought environment. It is concluded from present in-vitro studies that osmotic stress significantly reduced the seed germination shoot/root length fresh and dry weight in all six wheat genotypes. The maximum reduction was found at higher osmotic stress induced by PEG-6000 (-1.0 MPa) significantly.

scholarly journals Impacts of different salt source and concentrations on germination and seedling growth of many pumpkin seeds used as rootstoch in Iran

Genetika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Dadashpour
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Pumpkin Seeds ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Shoot Weight

The effects of different salt sources (C Cl2, NaCl, and KCl) and concentrations, as measured by electrical conductivity, (0, "control", 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 dS m-1) on seed germination and seedling growth of ?Ferro?, ?Obez?, ?RS 841? and ?Strong Tosa F1? pumpkin varieties used as rootstock were investigated in this study. The results showed that germination rate, root length, shoot length, fresh root weight, dry root weight, fresh shoot weight and dry shoot weights tend to decrease when the electrical conductivity of the solution is higher than 5 dS m-1, independent of salt sources and in all of the varieties. Three days after seeding, a germination ratio of 5 % was obtained from RS 841 variety in all salt source and concentrations, while a germination ratio over 50 % was obtained in ?Strong Tosa? variety for the same conditions except CaCl2 salt source. Nevertheless, seeds germinated in medium having high concentrations of CaCl2 had lower germination rate and poor seedling growth, compared to media having the same concentrations of NaCl and KCl. It was concluded that all of the varieties studied were more sensitive to the concentrations prepared using CaCl2 than that of the KCl, and NaCl.

HERBICIDAL ACTIVITY OF Ageratum conyzoides AGAINST PARTHENIUM

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Nimra Javaid ◽  
Arshad Javaid ◽  
Mukhtar Hussain Shah ◽  
Iqra Haider Khan ◽  
Syed Muhammad Waleed
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

This study was carried out to explore herbicidal potential of an asteraceous weed Ageratum conyzoides against an exotic noxious weed parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.). Different concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%) of aqueous extracts of various parts of the tested weed were used in laboratory bioassays. ANOVA revealed the significant effect of plant part bioassay and extract concentration on germination as well as various root and shoot growth parameters. Leaf extract was found the most herbicidal where a 10% extract completely inhibited the germination and growth of parthenium. Root and inflorescence extracts were also highly inhibitory in suppressing the germination up to 89% and 95%, shoot length up to 80% and 89%, root length up to 86% and 91%, and plant biomass up to 89% and 98%, respectively. Stem extract showed the least herbicidal activity causing up to 46%, 59%, 73% and 37% reduction in germination, shoot length, root length and plant biomass, respectively. This study concludes that leaf, root and inflorescence extracts of A. conyzoides possess strong herbicidal potential against germination and growth of parthenium.

scholarly journals Fungicidal seed treatment on germination and seedling vigour of lentil var. BINA Masur-3

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
A Rokib ◽  
MS Monjil
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Green House ◽  
Seed Pathology ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Improve Seed Germination

Effectiveness of six fungicides viz., Provax-200 (Carboxin+Thiram), Bavistin DF (Carbendazim), Dithane M-45 (Mancozeb), Secure (Mancozeb+Fenamidone), Antracol (propineb) and Daconil (Chlorothalonil) were evaluated to improve seed germination and seedling vigour of lentil variety BINA Masur-3. The experiment was conducted in the Green House of Seed Pathology Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Positive effect of seed treatment with fungicides on seed germination and seedling vigour of lentil was recorded. At 20 DAS, increased seed germination over control was observed in treated seeds with Deconil (10.40%) and Antracol (10.00%) followed by Dithane M-45 (7.20%). Seeds treated with Deconil and Dithane M-45 produced seedlings with higher shoot length, root length and seedling vigour. At 20 DAS, higher percent increased vigour index over control was found in Dithane M-45 (24.64%) and Deconil (22.44%), respectively.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2017, 3(1): 140-144

scholarly journals Effect of some botanical fungicide and chemicals as forest seed dressing  on the quality of the seeds: تأثير بعض مبيدات الفطريات والكيمياويات النباتية في تلبيس بذور الغابات  على جودة البذور

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shler Hassan Mahmood, Jalal Hama Salih Ismael
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Salix Alba ◽  
Seed Dressing ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Petri Plate ◽  
Local Plants ◽  
The University

An experiment was conducted to study the antifungal activity of different concentrations aqueous extracts from three local plants, Hypericum triquetrifolium, Salix alba, Salvia rosmarinus and also different concentrations of fungicide (Captan) and Salicylic acid were evaluated for their efficacy as seed dressing on Catalpa and Albizia that seeds were soaked separately for 30 mints in various concentrations of aqueous extract and fungicide. Forest seeds were grown in pots which were inoculated by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Fusarium oxysporum that one petri plate/ pot in 2018 in a greenhouse at the University of Sulaimani–College of Agricultural Sciences Engineering. The results showed that seed germination percentage, shoot length, root length and number of leaves was significantly (p≤0.05) increased with both the treatments. Captan (0.5%) was more effective in comparison with Captan (0.3%) and seed germination, shoot length, root length and number of leaves was gradually increased with increase of the doses of fungicides. It can be suggested that fungicide Captan have antifungal effect and can be used to treat seed against seed borne pathogens of forest, increase seed germination and shoot length, root length and number of leaves.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Activity of Corn Gluten Hydrolysate on Monocotyledonous and Dicotyledonous Species

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianna L. Liu ◽  
Nick E. Christians
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Plant Survival ◽  
Corn Gluten

Corn gluten hydrolysate (CGH) was evaluated in the greenhouse for its herbicidal activity on 19 selected monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous species. Treatments included CGH at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 g·dm-2. Plant susceptibility was based on plant survival, shoot length, and root length. The germination and growth of all species were inhibited by the application of CGH at all rates. Black medic (Medicago lupulina L.), buckhorn plaintain (Plantago lanceolata L.), creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.), purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.), and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) were the most susceptible species, exhibiting more than 70% reduction in root length, 60% reduction in plant survival, and 52% reduction in shoot length with CGH at 1 g·dm-2. Common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), curly dock (Rumex crispus L.), dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber), giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm.), large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.], and yellow foxtail [Setaria lutescens (Weigel) Hubb.] exhibited more than 50% reduction in root length and plant survival at 1 g·dm-2. Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.), barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crusgali (L.) Beauv.], green foxtail [Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.], orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), quackgrass [Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv.], and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.) survivial was reduced by 60% at 2 g·dm-2. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) was the least susceptible species.

Germination and Growth Behaviour of Seedlings of Emblica ofƒicinalis Gaertn under Different Light and Nutrient Regimes in Field Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
Laishram Lilabati ◽  
◽  
U.K. Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Emblica Officinalis ◽  
Light Regimes ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Nutrient Conditions

Emblica officinalis Gaertn. is an important non-timber forest product plant which is known in improving livelihood of the people of north-east India. This plant is widely used in the Indian system of medicines and believed to increase the body immunity against diseases. A trial was made to assess the initial growth performance of seedlings of E. officinalis under three light regimes viz. Open-100% ambient sunlight (FAL), partial-80% ambient sunlight (PAL) and deep shade-40% ambient sunlight (DAL) and four nutrient conditions (NPK, saw dust biochar, cowdung and untreated) during a 3-months period in the Department of Forestry Mizoram University, Mizoram India. After 12 weeks of exposure to different light regimes and nutrient conditions, initial growth parameters of the seedlings like number of leaves, shoot length, root length, biomass and vigour index measured in order to understand the best growth conditions for the plant. The results reveal that seed germination and other growth parameters were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by light regimes and nutrient treatments. The seedling height, number of leaves, shoot length, root length and biomass was significantly higher under FAL. All growth parameters including seed germination were poor under DAL.

scholarly journals Impact of Intensity and Exposure Duration of Magnetic Field on Seed Germination of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan FEIZI ◽  
Hossein SAHABI ◽  
Parviz REZVANI MOGHADDAM ◽  
Nasser SHAHTAHMASSEBI ◽  
Omran GALLEHGIR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Tomato Seed ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
And Control

In order to study the effect of seed hydro priming and magnetic field on tomato seed germination an experiment was conducted in laboratory of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, in 2010. The experimental treatments were all combinations of two levels of hydro priming (use of dry seed and soaked seed for five h in distilled water) and eight levels of magnetic field treatments (pretreatment of seeds in 15 mT for 5, 15 and 25 minutes, pretreatment of seeds in 25 mT for 5, 15 and 25 minutes, continuous magnetic field with 3 mT and control) with four replications. Results indicated that hydro priming of seeds reduced mean germination time significantly. Root length increased by 14 percent in seed hydro priming treatment in comparison with dry seed treatment. Shoot length, seedling length and vigor index of hydro primed seeds increased by 7, 12 and 13 percent, respectively compared with dry seeds. Exposure of seeds with 3 mT continuous magnetic field and 25 mT for 5 min increased root length by 29 and 25 percents, respectively in comparison with control. The highest shoot length, seedling length and vigor index were obtained in 3 mT continuous magnetic field and 25 mT for 5 min.

scholarly journals Effect of mutagenic agents on seed germination and vegetative growth of mustard (Brassica rapa)

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
NE Khan ◽  
N Hassan ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
SK Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
Gamma Irradiated ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of mutagens (physical and chemical) on seed germination along with root and shoot lengths of two locally collected varieties of Brassica rapa denoted as variety-1 and variety-2 in in vitro condition. Seeds were treated with various concentrations of mutagenic agents; physical (gamma radiation), chemical (sodium azide) and combined (gamma radiation + sodium azide). The doses of gamma radiation were 100Gy and 200Gy, sodium azide concentrations were 100, 300 and 500ppm and for combination, 100Gy and 200Gy gamma irradiated seeds were further treated with 100, 300 and 500ppm sodium azide solution. After 7 days observation, 100% seed germination obtained from 100Gy gamma irradiated seeds of variety-1 and 500ppm sodium azide treated seeds of variety- 2. 100% seed germination was also found in 7 days in physical and chemical mutagen combinedly treated seeds of variety-1 from 100Gy gamma radiation + 100ppm sodium azide, 100Gy gamma radiation + 300ppm sodium azide and 200Gy gamma radiation + 100ppm sodium azide and in variety-2, from 100Gy gamma radiation + 500ppm sodium azide and 200Gy gamma radiation + 500ppm sodium azide. Maximum increased root length (avg. 3.8cm) was obtained from variety-1 combined treated (200Gy gamma radiation + 300ppm sodium azide) seeds and minimum decreased root length (avg. 1.0cm) was from variety-2 combined treated (100Gy gamma radiation + 100ppm sodium azide) seeds. Maximum increased shoot length (avg. 4.7cm) was obtained from variety-1 combined treated (200Gy gamma radiation + 100ppm sodium azide) seeds and minimum decreased shoot length (avg. 1.4cm) was obtained from variety-2 combined treated (100Gy gamma radiation + 100ppm sodium azide) seeds. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v48i4.18274 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 48(4), 253-256, 2013

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document