scholarly journals Bacterial Pigments: The Bioactivities and as an Alternative for Therapeutic Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adzzie-Shazleen Azman ◽  
Christina-Injan Mawang ◽  
Sazaly Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Natural Pigments ◽  
Synthetic Pigments ◽  
Coloring Agents ◽  
Bacterial Pigments

Synthetic pigments have been widely used in various applications since the 1980s. However, the hyperallergenicity or carcinogenicity effects of synthetic dyes have led to the increased research on natural pigments. Among the natural resources, bacterial pigments are a good alternative to synthetic pigments because of their significant properties. Bacterial pigments are also one of the emerging fields of research since it offers promising opportunities for different applications. Besides its use as safe coloring agents in the cosmetic and food industry, bacterial pigments also possess biological properties such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant and anticancer activities. This review article highlights the various types of bacterial pigments, the latest studies on the discovery of bacterial pigments and the therapeutic insights of these bacterial pigments which hopefully provides useful information, guidance and improvement in future study.

A Review on Biological Properties and Synthetic Methodologies of the Diarylpentadienones

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Aisyah Abdullah ◽  
Siti Munirah Mohd Faudzi ◽  
Nadiah Mad Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Review Article ◽  
High Potential ◽  
One Pot ◽  
One Pot Synthesis ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Synthetic Methodologies ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Enhanced Stability

Abstract:: Medicinal chemists have continuously shown interest in new curcuminoid derivatives, the diarylpentadienones, owing to their enhanced stability feature and easy preparation using a one-pot synthesis. Thus far, methods such as Claisen-Schmidt condensation and Julia-Kocienski olefination have been utilised for the synthesis of these compounds. Diarylpentadienones possess a high potential as a chemical source for designing and developing new and effective drugs for the treatment of diseases, including inflammation, cancer, and malaria. In brief, this review article focuses on the broad pharmacological applications and the summary of the structure-activity relationship of molecules which can be employed to further explore the structure of diarylpentadienone. The current methodological developments towards the synthesis of diarylpentadienones are also discussed.

scholarly journals Anthocyanins Recovered from Agri-Food By-Products Using Innovative Processes: Trends, Challenges, and Perspectives for Their Application in Food Systems

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2632
Author(s):  
Henrique Silvano Arruda ◽  
Eric Keven Silva ◽  
Nayara Macêdo Peixoto Araujo ◽  
Gustavo Araujo Pereira ◽  
Glaucia Maria Pastore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Natural Colorants ◽  
Conventional Extraction ◽  
The Stability ◽  
By Products

Anthocyanins are naturally occurring phytochemicals that have attracted growing interest from consumers and the food industry due to their multiple biological properties and technological applications. Nevertheless, conventional extraction techniques based on thermal technologies can compromise both the recovery and stability of anthocyanins, reducing their global yield and/or limiting their application in food systems. The current review provides an overview of the main innovative processes (e.g., pulsed electric field, microwave, and ultrasound) used to recover anthocyanins from agri-food waste/by-products and the mechanisms involved in anthocyanin extraction and their impacts on the stability of these compounds. Moreover, trends and perspectives of anthocyanins’ applications in food systems, such as antioxidants, natural colorants, preservatives, and active and smart packaging components, are addressed. Challenges behind anthocyanin implementation in food systems are displayed and potential solutions to overcome these drawbacks are proposed.

scholarly journals Rose Flowers—A Delicate Perfume or a Natural Healer?

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Milka Mileva ◽  
Yana Ilieva ◽  
Gabriele Jovtchev ◽  
Svetla Gateva ◽  
Maya Margaritova Zaharieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Oil Sand ◽  
Rosa Gallica ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

Plants from the Rosacea family are rich in natural molecules with beneficial biological properties, and they are widely appreciated and used in the food industry, perfumery, and cosmetics. In this review, we are considering Rosa damascena Mill., Rosa alba L., Rosa centifolia L., and Rosa gallica L. as raw materials important for producing commercial products, analyzing and comparing the main biological activities of their essential oils, hydrolates, and extracts. A literature search was performed to find materials describing (i) botanical characteristics; (ii) the phytochemical profile; and (iii) biological properties of the essential oil sand extracts of these so called “old roses” that are cultivated in Bulgaria, Turkey, India, and the Middle East. The information used is from databases PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Roses have beneficial healing properties due to their richness of beneficial components, the secondary metabolites as flavonoids (e.g., flavones, flavonols, anthocyanins), fragrant components (essential oils, e.g., monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes), and hydrolysable and condensed tannins. Rose essential oils and extracts with their therapeutic properties—as respiratory antiseptics, anti-inflammatories, mucolytics, expectorants, decongestants, and antioxidants—are able to act as symptomatic prophylactics and drugs, and in this way alleviate dramatic sufferings during severe diseases.

IDENTIFICATION, CHARACTERIZATION OF CAROTENOID PIGMENT PRODUCING BACTERIA FROM VEGETABLE, FRUITS AND MINI-SURVEY ON PERCEPTION OF URBAN POPULATION TOWARDS BACTERIAL PIGMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 538-560
Author(s):  
Chinmayee Mahadik ◽  
Neha Manoti ◽  
Aafra Zuzar Mujawar ◽  
Meera Nambidas Konar ◽  
Peenal Arvind Mistry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Carotenoid Pigment ◽  
Natural Pigment ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Synthetic Pigments ◽  
Toxic Reactions ◽  
Bacterial Pigments

Pigments are largely exploited compounds due to their chromophoric variations and enticing properties in several applications such as food, dairy, printing, textile and pharmaceutical industries etc. While synthetic pigments are widely used, toxic reactions and effects of the pigments has led to the prompt diversion of consumers towards natural pigment sources such as microbial pigments (MP). MP hold great promise against existent synthetic counterparts with additional properties such as biodegradability, non-toxicity, therapeutics (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer etc.

scholarly journals Noninvasive and safe cell viability assay forEuglena gracilisusing natural food pigment

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyohei Yamashita ◽  
Koji Yamada ◽  
Kengo Suzuki ◽  
Eiji Tokunaga
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Euglena Gracilis ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Natural Pigments ◽  
Viability Assay ◽  
Good Ability

Noninvasive and safe cell viability assay is required in many fields such as regenerative medicine, genetic engineering, single-cell analysis, and microbial food culture. In this case, a safe and inexpensive method which is a small load on cells and the environment is preferable without requiring expensive and space-consuming equipment and a technician to operate. We examined eight typical natural food pigments to findMonascuspigment (MP) or anthocyanin pigment (AP) works as a good viability indicator of dye exclusion test (DET) forEuglena graciliswhich is an edible photosynthetic green microalga. This is the first report using natural food pigments as cell viability assay.Euglena gracilisstained by MP or AP can be visually judged with a bright field microscope. This was spectrally confirmed by scan-free, non-invasive absorbance spectral imagingA(x, y,λ) microscopy of single live cells and principal component analysis (PCA). To confirm the ability of staining dead cells and examine the load on the cells, these two natural pigments were compared with trypan blue (TB) and methylene blue (MP), which are synthetic dyes conventionally used for DET. As a result, MP and AP had as good ability of staining dead cells treated with microwave as TB and MB and showed faster and more uniform staining for dead cells in benzalkonium chloride than them. The growth curve and the ratio of dead cells in the culture showed that the synthetic dyes inhibit the growth ofE. gracilis, but the natural pigments do not. As the cell density increased, however, AP increased the ratio of stained cells, which was prevented by the addition of glucose. MP can stain dead cells in a shorter time than AP, while AP is more stable in color against long-term irradiation of intense light than MP. Due to the low toxicity of these pigments, viability of cells in culture can be monitored with them over a long period.

scholarly journals POTENSI PIGMEN ALAMI DARI BAKTERI SIMBION KARANG Mantipora sp SEBAGAI PEWARNA MAKANAN

Pro Food ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Dhanang Puspita ◽  
Jacob Lukas Alexander Uktolseja
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Natural Pigment ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Bacterial Pigment ◽  
Rhodococcus Sp

ABSTRACT Color is very important in the food industry. The need for food coloring requires manufacturers to use synthetic dyes that have the potential to cause poisoning and cancer. One source of natural dyes comes from bacteria that are symbiotic with coral reefs. The purpose of this study is to isolate and characterize the bacterial pigment that has symbiosis with Montipora sp. The research method consisted of bacterial isolation and identification, pigment identification with UV-Vis spectrofotometer (200 – 800 nm) and TLC. The results of isilation and identification showed that Rhodococcus sp is dominant bacterial which is produces of carotenoiids for self defense from UV rays. The pigment found in Rhodococcus sp has the potential as a natural pigment for food coloring. Keywords: carotenoids, Montipora, pigment, Rhodococcus sp. ABSTRAK Warna sangat penting dalam industri pangan. Kebutuhan pewarna makanan menuntut produsen memakai bahan pewarna sintetik yang berpotensi menyebabkan keracunan dan kanker. Salah satu sumber pewarna alami berasal dari bakteri yang bersimbiosis dengan terumbu karang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi pigmen bakteri yang bersimbion Montipora sp. Metode penelitian terdiri dari isolasi dan identifkasi bakteri, identifikasi pigmen dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis (200 – 800 nm) dan KLT. Hasil isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri berjenis Rhodococcus sp dan piigmen yang dihasilkan adalah karotenoid yang digunakan sebagai pertahanan diri dari sinar UV. Pigmen yang terdapat pada Rhodococcus sp berpotensi sebagai pigmen alami untuk pewarna pangan. Kata kunci: karotenoid, Montipora, pigmen, Rhodococcus sp.

scholarly journals Catalytic Oxidation Process for the Degradation of Synthetic Dyes: An Overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahat Javaid ◽  
Umair Yaqub Qazi
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Decomposition ◽  
Metal Catalyst ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Tubular Reactors ◽  
Iron Metal ◽  
Degradation Of Dyes ◽  
Coloring Agents

Dyes are used in various industries as coloring agents. The discharge of dyes, specifically synthetic dyes, in wastewater represents a serious environmental problem and causes public health concerns. The implementation of regulations for wastewater discharge has forced research towards either the development of new processes or the improvement of available techniques to attain efficient degradation of dyes. Catalytic oxidation is one of the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), based on the active radicals produced during the reaction in the presence of a catalyst. This paper reviews the problems of dyes and hydroxyl radical-based oxidation processes, including Fenton’s process, non-iron metal catalysts, and the application of thin metal catalyst-coated tubular reactors in detail. In addition, the sulfate radical-based catalytic oxidation technique has also been described. This study also includes the effects of various operating parameters such as pH, temperature, the concentration of the oxidant, the initial concentration of dyes, and reaction time on the catalytic decomposition of dyes. Moreover, this paper analyzes the recent studies on catalytic oxidation processes. From the present study, it can be concluded that catalytic oxidation processes are very active and environmentally friendly methods for dye removal.

scholarly journals Use of Phycobiliproteins from Atacama Cyanobacteria as Food Colorants in a Dairy Beverage Prototype

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Galetović ◽  
Francisca Seura ◽  
Valeska Gallardo ◽  
Rocío Graves ◽  
Juan Cortés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Natural Pigments ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Sensory Tests

The interest of the food industry in replacing artificial dyes with natural pigments has grown recently. Cyanobacterial phycobiliproteins (PBPs), phycoerythrin (PE) and phycocyanin (PC), are colored water-soluble proteins that are used as natural pigments. Additionally, red PE and blue PC have antioxidant capabilities. We have formulated a new food prototype based on PBP-fortified skim milk. PBPs from Andean cyanobacteria were purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, and freeze-drying. The stability of PE and PC was evaluated by changes in their absorption spectra at various pH (1–14) and temperature (0–80 °C) values. Purified PBPs showed chemical stability under pH values of 5 to 8 and at temperatures between 0 and 50 °C. The antioxidant property of PBP was confirmed by ABTS (2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt radical ion scavenging, and FRAP (Ferric Antioxidant Power) assays. The absence of PBP toxicity against Caenorhabditis elegans was confirmed up to 1 mg PBP/mL. Skim milk fortified with PE obtained a higher score after sensory tests. Thus, a functional food based on skim milk-containing cyanobacterial PBPs can be considered an innovative beverage for the food industry. PBPs were stable at an ultra-high temperature (138 °C and 4 s). PBP stability improvements by changes at its primary structure and the incorporation of freeze-dried PBPs into sachets should be considered as alternatives for their future commercialization.

scholarly journals Alkaloids Produced by Endophytic Fungi: A Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Zhang ◽  
Ting Han ◽  
Qianliang Ming ◽  
Lingshang Wu ◽  
Khalid Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Indole Derivatives ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Action Mechanisms ◽  
The Future ◽  
Potential Applications

In recent years, a number of alkaloids have been discovered from endophytic fungi in plants, which exhibited excellent biological properties such as antimicrobial, insecticidal, cytotoxic, and anticancer activities. This review mainly deals with the research progress on endophytic fungi for producing bioactive alkaloids such as quinoline and isoquinoline, amines and amides, indole derivatives, pyridines, and quinazolines. The biological activities and action mechanisms of these alkaloids from endophytic fungi are also introduced. Furthermore, the relationships between alkaloid-producing endophytes and their host plants, as well as their potential applications in the future are discussed.

scholarly journals Biological Properties of 6-Gingerol: A Brief Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaopeng Wang ◽  
Caihua Zhang ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Yanzong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Inhibition Of Angiogenesis ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Numerous studies have revealed that regular consumption of certain fruits and vegetables can reduce the risk of many diseases. The rhizome of Zingiber officinale (ginger) is consumed worldwide as a spice and herbal medicine. It contains pungent phenolic substances collectively known as gingerols. 6-Gingerol is the major pharmacologically-active component of ginger. It is known to exhibit a variety of biological activities including anticancer, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidation. 6-Gingerol has been found to possess anticancer activities via its effect on a variety of biological pathways involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, cytotoxic activity, and inhibition of angiogenesis. Thus, due to its efficacy and regulation of multiple targets, as well as its safety for human use, 6-gingerol has received considerable interest as a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention and/or treatment of various diseases. Taken together, this review summarizes the various in vitro and in vivo pharmacological aspects of 6-gingerol and the underlying mechanisms.

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