Evaluation of the effects of pigments produced by environmental bacteria on cancer cells

Cancers are a collection of incapacitating diseases in which cells initiate to divide and spread to adjacent tissues in an uncontrolled manner. Many researches demonstrated the potential of bacterial pigments as promising anticancer agents Therefore, in this study, the cytotoxic effects of bacterial pigments were evaluated in breast and colon cancer cell lines. In this study, a total of 90 samples were collected from air, water, and soil from 28 different geographical areas of Iran. Forty isolates were selected based on differences in colony color and geographic regions. The MTT assay was used to evaluate the effect of pigment on MCF-7 and SW-48 cells. Bacteria whose pigment had the highest cytotoxic effect on cell lines were selected. Accurate identification was performed using PCR, and their relative purity was measured using TLC. Bacteria isolated from any three ecosystems are capable of producing pigments. Pigment-producing bacteria are more abundant in the soil than air and water. Among pigment-producing bacteria, 3 isolates had the highest cytotoxicity on MCF-7 cells, and 3 isolates had the greatest effect on SW-48 cells. The results of sequencing of isolates at the BLAST site showed that 6 isolates with cytotoxic effects were identified (Micrococcus xinjiangensis, Dietzia, Arthrobacter agilis, Exigubacterium mexicanum, Bacillus beijingensis). Chromatography shows that these pigmented bacteria have different pigment components.Pigment extraction from bacteria can be used as a complementary therapy or other therapies for breast and colon cancer in the future.

IDENTIFICATION, CHARACTERIZATION OF CAROTENOID PIGMENT PRODUCING BACTERIA FROM VEGETABLE, FRUITS AND MINI-SURVEY ON PERCEPTION OF URBAN POPULATION TOWARDS BACTERIAL PIGMENTS

Pigments are largely exploited compounds due to their chromophoric variations and enticing properties in several applications such as food, dairy, printing, textile and pharmaceutical industries etc. While synthetic pigments are widely used, toxic reactions and effects of the pigments has led to the prompt diversion of consumers towards natural pigment sources such as microbial pigments (MP). MP hold great promise against existent synthetic counterparts with additional properties such as biodegradability, non-toxicity, therapeutics (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer etc.

Optimization of Pigment Production by Micrococcus and Arthrobacter species Isolated from Soil and Water

A pigment is a substance that is substantially used in different industries that come in a wide range of coloration and few of which are soluble in water. Bacterial pigments have many applications in the modern day life. Some microorganisms have the characteristics feature to produce pigments which may additionally beneficial us in identification. Bacterial pigments have larger compatibility and greater biodegradability with the environment. Nontoxic nature of pigment produced with the aid of a huge range of microorganisms make them ecofriendly for use in foodstuff, dye, cosmetics, pharmacy and different industrial purposes. Pigments of bacteria provide various advantages compared to synthetic dyes. They are biodegradable in nature, easy to extract, easily available, cheaper substrates needed. The pigment produced by the bacteria can be used as anticancer agents, antibacterial agent and anti-proliferative agents. The object of the existing find out about was once to isolated pigment producing microorganism from water and soil samples and explores their properties. Based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics, they have been recognized as Micrococcus and Arthrobacter. The pigment isolated from bacterial spp. is used for the antimicrobial activity, anti-oxidant recreation and for optimization of pH, temperature and NaCl. It was once concluded that water and soil have various microorganisms and they have the capacity of producing pigments.

Characterisation of Pigment Producing Bacteria Isolated from Bio Floc Ponds and Its Colour Enhancement Effect in Xiphophorus helleri

Background: Biofloc technology is a minimal or zero water exchange technology which exerts beneficial effects on water quality, improves feed conversion ratio by recycling microbial protein in the culture of commercially important finfishes and shellfishes. This culture technique also improves the pigmentation in the ornamental fish culture. The presence of pigment producing bacteria and the absorption of the pigments by the ornamental fishes under biofloc technology would pave a long way to boost the production and export market of the high value fishes. Therefore, the present study evaluated the use of bacterial pigments isolated from the biofloc culture in the diets of Swordtail ornamental fish for its colouration and pigment absorption ability.Methods: A 30 days trial was conducted to evaluate the colour enhancement in swordtail through the supplementation of pigment produced from the bacteria in their diets. Swordtail fishes (1.2 ± 0.01g) were stocked in 100 litres tanks (20nos / tank) in triplicates. Fish fed with normal diet served as control and diet supplemented with pigment (50mg/kg) isolated from the bacteria Exiguobacterium profundum (T1), Chryseobacterium joostei (T2), Staphylococcus pasteuri (T3), Staphylococcus arlettae (T4) served as treatments. The characteristic features of the pigments isolated from the four different bacteria were checked and showed enhanced antibacterial, total antioxidant activity and the reductive ability.Result: Significant difference was observed in water quality parameters except temperature between the experimental groups. Growth parameters showed significant difference between control and treatment. Highest carotenoid concentration was found in fishes fed with pigments extracted from Staphylococcus pasteuri compared to other experimental groups. The present study proved the incorporation of bacterial pigments in the diets of Swordtail enhanced the total carotenoid concentration.

Biotechnological Activities and Applications of Bacterial Pigments Violacein and Prodigiosin

In this review, we discuss violacein and prodigiosin, two chromogenic bacterial secondary metabolites that have diverse biological activities. Although both compounds were “discovered” more than seven decades ago, interest into their biological applications has grown in the last two decades, particularly driven by their antimicrobial and anticancer properties. These topics will be discussed in the first half of this review. The latter half delves into the current efforts of groups to produce these two compounds. This includes in both their native bacterial hosts and heterogeneously in other bacterial hosts, including discussing some of the caveats related to the yields reported in the literature, and some of the synthetic biology techniques employed in this pursuit.

An Overview on Industrial and Medical Applications of Bio-Pigments Synthesized by Marine Bacteria

Marine bacterial species contribute to a significant part of the oceanic population, which substantially produces biologically effectual moieties having various medical and industrial applications. The use of marine-derived bacterial pigments displays a snowballing effect in recent times, being natural, environmentally safe, and health beneficial compounds. Although isolating marine bacteria is a strenuous task, these are still a compelling subject for researchers, due to their promising avenues for numerous applications. Marine-derived bacterial pigments serve as valuable products in the food, pharmaceutical, textile, and cosmetic industries due to their beneficial attributes, including anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities. Biodegradability and higher environmental compatibility further strengthen the use of marine bio-pigments over artificially acquired colored molecules. Besides that, hazardous effects associated with the consumption of synthetic colors further substantiated the use of marine dyes as color additives in industries as well. This review sheds light on marine bacterial sources of pigmented compounds along with their industrial applicability and therapeutic insights based on the data available in the literature. It also encompasses the need for introducing bacterial bio-pigments in global pigment industry, highlighting their future potential, aiming to contribute to the worldwide economy.

Marine Bacteria Is the Cell Factory to Produce Bioactive Pigments: A Prospective Pigment Source in the Ocean

The course of investigations of bioactive compounds like bacterial pigments from the marine environment has greatly expanded in the recent decades. Despite the huge concern in secluding and collecting marine bacteria, microbial metabolites are progressively alluring to science due to their wide ranging applications in various fields, particularly those with distinctive color pigments. This review is a short appraisal of the studies undertaken over the past 5 years on the bacterial pigments sourced from the marine environment. Herein, we have reviewed the potential of different bacterial species isolated from marine environment in diverse studies that are producing bioactive pigments that have potential commercial applications.