scholarly journals Multimorbidity, inflammation, and disability: a longitudinal mediational analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204062231880684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliot M. Friedman ◽  
Daniel K. Mroczek ◽  
Sharon L. Christ
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
The United States ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Mediational Analysis

Background: Using longitudinal data from the Survey of Mid-Life Development in the United States, this study examined the role of systemic inflammation in mediating the link between multimorbidity and increases in and onset of functional limitations over a 17–19 year follow-up period. Methods: Participants completed questionnaire assessments of chronic conditions and functional limitations. Interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen were assayed in serum. Structural equation models were used to predict increases in and onset of functional limitations associated with baseline multimorbidity status; mediation by inflammation was also determined. Results: Multimorbidity ( versus 0–1 conditions) predicted more functional limitations and greater odds of onset of limitations over time. Significant indirect effects showed that inflammation partially mediated the link between multimorbidity and changes in, but not onset of, limitations. Discussion: These results show that inflammation, a nonspecific marker of multiple disease conditions, explains in part the degree to which multimorbidity is disabling.

scholarly journals Emotional Vulnerability to Short Sleep Predicts Increases in Chronic Health Conditions Across 8 Years

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L Sin ◽  
Jonathan Rush ◽  
Orfeu M Buxton ◽  
David M Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Emotional Vulnerability

Abstract Background Sleep is a robust determinant of next-day emotions, but people vary in the extent that their emotions fluctuate on days following short sleep duration. These individual differences in day-to-day sleep and emotion dynamics may have long-term health implications. Purpose To evaluate emotional vulnerability to short sleep (within-person associations between sleep duration and next-day emotions) as a risk factor for future chronic conditions. Methods Adults aged 33–84 (N = 1,426; 57% female) in the Midlife in the United States Study reported sleep duration and emotions by telephone for eight consecutive days. Chronic conditions were assessed via checklist at baseline and at a median follow-up of eight years (range: 5–10 years). Short sleep was examined in three ways: person-centered continuous variable, ≤6 hr, and <7 hr; long sleep was defined as ≥9 hr. Results Multilevel structural equation models revealed that people with greater negative emotions following nights of sleep ≤6 hr (vs. their negative emotions after longer sleep) had increased chronic conditions at follow-up, compared to people who were less emotionally vulnerable to short sleep (Est. = 1.04, SE = .51, p < .028). Smaller declines in positive emotions following ≤6 hr of sleep were marginally predictive of lower risk for chronic conditions (Est. = –.77, SE = .44, p = .054). Emotional vulnerability to <7, ≥9, and continuous sleep hours were not associated with subsequent chronic conditions. Conclusions Emotional vulnerability to short sleep is a unique risk factor for the development of chronic conditions, independent of mean-level sleep duration and emotions.

Suicidal Ideation Among International Students: The Role of Cultural, Academic, and Interpersonal Factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 001100002110024
Author(s):  
Andrés E. Pérez Rojas ◽  
Na-Yeun Choi ◽  
Minji Yang ◽  
Theodore T. Bartholomew ◽  
Giovanna M. Pérez
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Thwarted Belongingness ◽  
Perceived Burdensomeness ◽  
Using Data

We examined two structural equation models of international students’ suicidal ideation using data from 595 international students in two public universities in the United States. The models represented competing hypotheses about the relationships among discrimination, cross-cultural loss, academic distress, thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and suicidal ideation. The findings indicated there were direct, positive links between discrimination, cross-cultural loss, and academic distress to perceived burdensomeness; a direct, positive link between perceived burdensomeness and suicidal ideation; and indirect, positive links between discrimination, cross-cultural loss, and academic distress to suicidal ideation via perceived burdensomeness. The only predictors that related to thwarted belongingness were cross-cultural loss and academic distress, and there were no indirect links to suicidal ideation via thwarted belongingness. In fact, with all other variables in the model, thwarted belongingness was unrelated to suicidal ideation. Finally, academic distress was directly related to suicidal ideation. We discuss implications of the findings.

scholarly journals The Predictive Role of Tooth Extractions, Oral Infections, and hs-C-Reactive Protein for Mortality in Individuals with and without Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study of a 12 1/2-Year Follow-Up

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Lund Håheim ◽  
Kjersti S. Rønningen ◽  
Morten Enersen ◽  
Ingar Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Tooth Extractions

The predictive role of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), number of tooth extractions, and oral infections for mortality in people with and without diabetes is unclear. This prospective cohort study is a 12 1/2-year follow-up of the Oslo II study, a health survey in 2000. In all, 12,764 men were invited. Health information was retrieved from 6434 elderly men through questionnaire information, serum measurements, and anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. Diabetes was reported by 425 men. Distinct differences were observed in baseline characteristics in individuals with and without diabetes. In the diabetes group, age and hs-CRP were statistically significant whereas in the nondiabetes group, age, hs-CRP, number of tooth extractions, tooth extractions for infections and oral infections combined, nonfasting glucose, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, regular alcohol drinking, daily smoking, and level of education were independent risk factors. The number of tooth extractions <5 was inversely related whereas more extractions increased the risk. Multivariate analyses showed that hs-CRP was a significant predictor in persons with diabetes and tooth extractions and oral infections combined; the number of teeth extracted and hs-CRP were for persons without diabetes. Infection and inflammation were associated with mortality in individuals both with and without diabetes.

scholarly journals A Public Health Problem: Consequences of Trauma on Health Outcomes and the Role of Social Support

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Prevost ◽  
Rachel Worrell ◽  
Margaret Gough Courney ◽  
Kanye Godde
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein

Abstract Introduction: Extensive research substantiates a negative correlation between stress and health. The implications of traumatic stress are complex, affecting the physical, psychological, physiological, and social health of individuals. The aim of this study was to examine the role of social support in relation to trauma-related health consequences. Methods: Nationally representative data were obtained from the Midlife in the United States study, covering the period 2004-2006, and used in regression models to predict the relationships between types of trauma (adult vs. childhood), measures of social support, and biomarkers of stress reactivity (cortisol, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), and number of health conditions). Results: The study found that an increase in traumatic experiences during adulthood was associated with a higher logged cortisol level, but social support did not buffer these effects. No significant trends were observed with childhood trauma. Conclusions: Results suggest the importance of addressing indicators from multiple domains simultaneously to investigate the effects of trauma and social support on biomarkers of stress. Keywords: social support, trauma, cortisol, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, health conditions

scholarly journals Structural equation model of the effect of biological maturation on metabolic syndrome risk and C-reactive protein: effect of trunk fat and sports participation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
André O. Werneck ◽  
Enio R. V. Ronque ◽  
Rômulo A. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
One Year

AbstractOur aim was to analyze the association between somatic maturation and alterations in metabolic syndrome (METs) risk and C-reactive protein (CRP), focusing on the effect of changes in trunk fat and sports practice. This was a longitudinal study with a one-year follow-up. The sample was composed of 139 adolescents (46 without sports participation and 93 young athletes), aged 10–17 years. As outcomes, we adopted CRP and METs risk (triglycerides, HDL-c, fasting glucose, and mean blood pressure). Somatic maturation was estimated using Mirwald’s method. Structural equation models were used. Somatic maturation was not associated with sports practice, trunk fat, METs risk neither CRP. Sports practice was associated with a reduction in METs risk (β = −0.926; 95%CI:−1.773, −0.080) and reduction in trunk fat (−10.957; −19.630, −2.283), which was associated with increases in METs risk (0.020; 0.004, 0.036). In the CRP model, sports practice was associated with a reduction in trunk fat (−10.324; −18.637, −2.010), which in turn was associated with a reduction in CRP (0.007; 0.001, 0.013). Sports practice and lower trunk adiposity were associated with reductions in trunk fat, METs risk, and CRP through direct and indirect pathways. Our findings highlight the role of sports practice in attenuating the negative effect of trunk adiposity.

scholarly journals Dietary Inflammatory Index and Recurrence of Depressive Symptoms

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1125-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasnime N. Akbaraly ◽  
Clarisse Kerleau ◽  
Marilyn Wyart ◽  
Nathalie Chevallier ◽  
Louise Ndiaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Circulating Inflammatory Markers

There is a growing interest in understanding the role of inflammation in the diet–depression relationship. The present study examined whether the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII; a measure of the inflammatory potential of individuals’ diets) is associated with recurrent depressive symptoms (DepS) (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score > 16 or taking antidepressants both at baseline and follow-up) assessed over 5 years in middle-aged men ( n = 3,178) and women ( n = 1,068) from the Whitehall II Study. For each increment of 1 SD of DII score, odds of recurrent DepS increased by 66% (95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.30, 2.12]) in women, whereas no significant association between DII and recurrent DepS was observed in men (odds ratio [OR] = 1.12; 95% CI = [0.92, 1.36]). This association was little attenuated after adjustment for confounders and after taking into account levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein. In conclusion, there is an association between proinflammatory diet and recurrent DepS in women that seems to not be driven by circulating inflammatory markers.

scholarly journals The Promising Role of Dynamic 18F-NaF PET-CT in Diagnosing Symptomatic Joint Prosthesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olu Adesanya ◽  
Pedro Foguet ◽  
Charles Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Joint Prosthesis ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Septic Loosening ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Pet Ct

Our purpose was to establish proof of principle case study for the use of dynamic 18F-NaF PET-CT in the assessment of knee and hip prostheses. Approval was granted by the research ethics committee and informed<br />consent was obtained. This is a case study investigating the role of dynamic 18F NaF PET-CT in a patient with ilateral knee prostheses (1 symptomatic/painful and 1 asymptomatic). Both knees were studied with dynamic 18F-NaF PET-CT technique to demonstrate the different pattern of uptake in normal/asymptomatic joint as well as painful joints with aseptic loosening. In addition, a knee aspirate was obtained from the symptomatic knee and serum C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sediment rate levels as well as a peripheral white cell count were<br />obtained in addition to 12 month clinical follow up. Images were obtained with multi-sequential dynamic image acquisition in list mode using GE Healthcare® volume imaging protocol (ViP) after an intravenous injection of 250 MBq 18F-NaF. The images were interpreted as normal, loosening or septic loosening based on the graphical pattern of tracer uptake produced at the bone-prosthesis interface. A final diagnosis was made by a combination of joint aspiration microbiology and clinical follow-up for 1 year; in addition to C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sediment rate levels as well as peripheral white cell count. NaF PET results were compared with 3-phase dynamic bone scan results and plain radiographs. The degree of uptake in the symptomatic joint exceeded background<br />levels and also levels of uptake in the asymptomatic knee. The pattern of uptake and curve slope in both the asymptomatic and symptomatic joints matched the pattern of uptake in our hypothesis. Dynamic 18F-NaF PET-CT is a useful imaging modality for assessing painful joint prosthesis. It can differentiate between asymptomatic joints and aseptic loosening. However, more work is required for the detection of septic loosening.

scholarly journals Race, Gender, and Socioeconomic Variations in C-Reactive Protein Using the Health and Retirement Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather R Farmer ◽  
Linda A Wray ◽  
Steven A Haas
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Black Men ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health And Retirement Study ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Retirement Study

Abstract Objectives To clarify the relationships among race, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES) with C-reactive protein (CRP). Method The present study analyzed data from 6,521 Black and White respondents aged 51 and older in the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample of midlife and older adults, to address two aims. We sought to (i) assess the independent associations between race, gender, and SES with CRP concentrations and (ii) test whether race, gender, and SES interacted to produce unequal CRP concentrations cross-sectionally and over a 4-year follow-up. Results The results demonstrated that race, gender, and SES were each independently associated with baseline CRP, but only SES was associated with CRP at follow-up. Furthermore, race, gender, and education interacted to produce differential CRP levels at baseline. There were incremental benefits for each additional level of education for White men and women, but the relationship between education and CRP was more complicated for Black men and women. Compared with other race/gender groups with less than high school, Black women had the highest and Black men had the lowest levels of CRP. There were no apparent benefits to CRP for Black women with college compared with Black women with high school, while Black men with less than high school and college had similar concentrations of CRP. Discussion In clarifying the complexity inherent in CRP disparities, this work contributes to a greater understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying racial disparities in leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States.

A pro-inflammatory diet is associated with increased odds of frailty after 12-year follow-up in a cohort of adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney L Millar ◽  
Alyssa B Dufour ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
Daniel Habtemariam ◽  
Joanne M Murabito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Clinical Registry ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Design And Methods

Abstract Background Frailty occurs in 10-15% of community-living older adults and inflammation is a key determinant of frailty. Though diet is a modulator of inflammation, there are few prospective studies elucidating the role of diet-associated inflammation on frailty. Objective To determine whether a pro-inflammatory diet was associated with increased odds of frailty in adults from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS). Design and Methods This study is nested in a prospective cohort that included individuals without frailty. Diet was assessed in 1998-2001 using a valid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and frailty was measured in 2011-2014. FFQ-derived energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII®) scores were computed, with higher E-DII scores indicating a more pro-inflammatory diet. Frailty was defined as fulfilling ≥3 of 5 Fried Phenotype criteria. Information on potential mediators, serum interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein was obtained in 1998-2001. Logistic regression estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for E-DII (as continuous and in quartiles) and frailty onset adjusting for relevant confounders. Results Of 1,701 individuals without frailty at baseline (mean age = 58 years, SD = 8, range: 33–81; 55% female), 224 developed frailty (13% incidence) over ∼12 years. Mean E-DII score was -1.95 (SD = 2.20; range: -6.71 to +5.40). After adjusting for relevant confounders, a one-unit higher E-DII score was associated with 16% increased odds of developing frailty (95% CI = 1.07, 1.25). In categorical analyses, participants in the highest (pro-inflammatory) vs. lowest quartile of E-DII had &gt;2-fold increased odds of frailty (ORquartile4vs.1 = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.37, 3.60, Ptrend&lt;0.01). Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein were not major contributors in the pathway. Conclusions In this cohort of middle-aged and older adults, a pro-inflammatory diet was associated with increased odds of frailty over ∼12 years of follow-up. Trials designed to increase consumption of anti-inflammatory foods for frailty prevention are warranted. Clinical registry number and website: Not applicable

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