scholarly journals P14-08. Intramuscular DNA delivery by electroporation leads to greatly enhanced systemic and mucosal immune responses and control of SIVmac251 challenge

Retrovirology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
GN Pavlakis ◽  
M Rosati ◽  
V Patel ◽  
A Valentin ◽  
C Bergamaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Dna Delivery ◽  
Mucosal Immune Responses ◽  
And Control ◽  
Sivmac251 Challenge

scholarly journals Bacillus anthracisEdema Toxin Acts as an Adjuvant for Mucosal Immune Responses to Nasally Administered Vaccine Antigens

2006 ◽  
Vol 176 (3) ◽  
pp. 1776-1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Duverger ◽  
Raymond J. Jackson ◽  
Frederick W. van Ginkel ◽  
Romy Fischer ◽  
Angela Tafaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Vaccine Antigens ◽  
Mucosal Immune Responses

Monophosphoryl lipid A: an effective adjuvant for potentiating mucosal immune responses

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. Michalek ◽  
Noel K. Childers ◽  
Terry Greenway ◽  
George Hajishengallis ◽  
J. Terry Ulrich
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Monophosphoryl Lipid A ◽  
Monophosphoryl Lipid ◽  
Mucosal Immune Responses

Induction and Delivery of Mucosal Immune Responses

1984 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Husband ◽  
M.L. Dunkley ◽  
R. Scicchitano ◽  
R.F. Sheldrake
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Mucosal Immune Responses

scholarly journals Role for CD4+ CD25+ Regulatory T Cells in Reactivation of Persistent Leishmaniasis and Control of Concomitant Immunity

2004 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Mendez ◽  
Stacie K. Reckling ◽  
Ciriacco A. Piccirillo ◽  
David Sacks ◽  
Yasmine Belkaid
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Parasite Clearance ◽  
Effector Memory ◽  
Memory Response ◽  
Secondary Challenge ◽  
Concomitant Immunity ◽  
Disease Reactivation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Parasite Leishmania

Reactivation of dormant infections causes an immense burden of morbidity and mortality in the world at large. Reactivation can occur as a result of immunosuppression, environmental insult, or aging; however, the cause of reactivation of such infections is often not clear. We have previously shown that persistence of the parasite Leishmania major is controlled by endogenous CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T (T reg) cells. In this report, we show that despite efficient parasite clearance at secondary sites of infection, Leishmania superinfection can cause disease reactivation at the primary site. Our results strongly suggest that T reg cells, whose numbers increase in sites of reactivation, are directly responsible for such reactivation. Depletion of CD25+ cells at the time of secondary challenge prevented disease reactivation at the site of persistent infection while strengthening the expression of immunity at the site of secondary challenge. Finally, transfer of T reg cells purified from infected mice into chronically infected mice was sufficient to trigger disease reactivation and prevent the expression of an effector memory response. Our results demonstrate that after persistence is achieved, an equilibrium between T reg cells and effector lymphocytes, which can be disturbed by superinfection, controls the efficiency of recall immune responses and disease reactivation.

scholarly journals Mucosal Immunization with Newcastle Disease Virus Vector Coexpressing HIV-1 Env and Gag Proteins Elicits Potent Serum, Mucosal, and Cellular Immune Responses That Protect against Vaccinia Virus Env and Gag Challenges

mBio ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil K. Khattar ◽  
Vinoth Manoharan ◽  
Bikash Bhattarai ◽  
Celia C. LaBranche ◽  
David C. Montefiori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Gag Proteins ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Vaccinia Viruses ◽  
Mucosal Immune Responses ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Newcastle disease virus (NDV) avirulent strain LaSota was used to coexpress gp160 Env and p55 Gag from a single vector to enhance both Env-specific and Gag-specific immune responses. The optimal transcription position for both Env and Gag genes in the NDV genome was determined by generating recombinant NDV (rNDV)-Env-Gag (gp160 located between the P and M genes and Gag between the HN and L genes), rNDV-Gag-Env (Gag located between the P and M genes and gp160 between the HN and L genes), rNDV-Env/Gag (gp160 followed by Gag located between the P and M genes), and rNDV-Gag/Env (Gag followed by gp160 located between the P and M genes). All the recombinant viruses replicated at levels similar to those seen with parental NDV in embryonated chicken eggs and in chicken fibroblast cells. Both gp160 and Gag proteins were expressed at high levels in cell culture, with gp160 found to be incorporated into the envelope of NDV. The Gag and Env proteins expressed by all the recombinants except rNDV-Env-Gag self-assembled into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virus-like particles (VLPs). Immunization of guinea pigs by the intranasal route with these rNDVs produced long-lasting Env- and Gag-specific humoral immune responses. The Env-specific humoral and mucosal immune responses and Gag-specific humoral immune responses were higher in rNDV-Gag/Env and rNDV-Env/Gag than in the other recombinants. rNDV-Gag/Env and rNDV-Env/Gag were also more efficient in inducing cellular as well as protective immune responses to challenge with vaccinia viruses expressing HIV-1 Env and Gag in mice. These results suggest that vaccination with a single rNDV coexpressing Env and Gag represents a promising strategy to enhance immunogenicity and protective efficacy against HIV. IMPORTANCE A safe and effective vaccine that can induce both systemic and mucosal immune responses is needed to control HIV-1. In this study, we showed that coexpression of Env and Gag proteins of HIV-1 performed using a single Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vector led to the formation of HIV-1 virus-like particles (VLPs). Immunization of guinea pigs with recombinant NDVs (rNDVs) elicited potent long-lasting systemic and mucosal immune responses to HIV. Additionally, the rNDVs were efficient in inducing cellular immune responses to HIV and protective immunity to challenge with vaccinia viruses expressing HIV Env and Gag in mice. These results suggest that the use of a single NDV expressing Env and Gag proteins simultaneously is a novel strategy to develop a safe and effective vaccine against HIV.

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