scholarly journals The association between cigarette smoking attitudes and social capital among Iranian health and medical students: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamideh Zahedi ◽  
Mohammad Hasan Sahebihagh ◽  
Parvin Sarbakhsh ◽  
Leila Gholizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
University Students ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Smoking remains a leading public health challenge globally. As a psychosocial determinant of health, social capital can influence health attitudes and behaviors, and thus it may have the capacity to reduce smoking rates. The aim of this research was to examine the association between social capital and attitudes towards smoking among university students. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 538 health and medical students, recruited using the proportionate sampling method. Participants’ social capital and attitudes toward smoking were assessed using the social capital questionnaire (SCQ) and the scale of cigarette smoking attitude (CSA). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and the multiple regression analysis. Results About one in four health and medical students reported smoking, either currently or in the past, and 30% had either positive or indifferent attitudes towards smoking. The mean scores of the SCQ and the CSA were 105.1 ± 19.7 and 48.6 ± 11.2, respectively. There was a statistically significant negative association between the SCQ and the CSA scores (r = − 0.24; p < 0.001). In the regression analysis, the SCQ scores were also negatively and statistically significantly associated with the CSA scores, after controlling potential confounders (B: -0.09; 95% CI: − 0.13 to − 0.004). Conclusions As future healthcare providers, who are expected to take the primary role in reducing smoking rates in the community, health and medical students should be supported to develop appropriate attitudes towards smoking. Promoting positive social capital among university students has the capacity to improve their attitudes towards smoking. Possessing negative attitudes towards smoking should hopefully reduce smoking behaviors among future health professionals and improve their participation in anti-smoking campaigns.

scholarly journals Prevalence of insomnia and anxiety in university students during the COVID-19 lockdown: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Ameer Hamza Mahmood-ul-Hassan ◽  
Abdul Sannan ◽  
Nehala Nooz ◽  
Ansa Ramay ◽  
Muhammad Huzaifa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
The World

Background: The world is facing COVID-19 pandemic and almost 70% of the world had gone under Lockdown. People are facing stress, insomnia and anxiety. The lack of basic awareness and spread of fake news are common causes of all these issues. This study was done to determine the prevalence of insomnia and anxiety in medical and non-medical students. Subjects and methods: Subjects were approached through friends in universities using WhatsApp. People having insomnia and anxiety before quarantine were excluded from this study. People using anti-depressants and anti-psychotics before quarantine were also excluded from this study. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 965 students of medical and non-medical universities in the cities of Lahore, Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Consent was taken for using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and Insomnia Severity Index for scoring of anxiety and insomnia respectively. An online questionnaire made in Google forms was used for data collection. Independent t-tests, Pearson Correlation and Regression analysis were performed using SPSS v25. Results: Increased prevalence of anxiety and insomnia in non-medical students as compared to the medical students was observed. There was statistically significant strong correlation between anxiety and insomnia of the enrolled subjects (r=0.742, p<0.001). A linear regression equation was formulated. Increased prevalence of anxiety and insomnia in females was also determined. Conclusion: Non-medical students, compared to medical students, among which, females, compared to males, were more likely to suffer from anxiety and insomnia during lockdown.

scholarly journals Smartphone Addiction and its Associated Factors Among Freshmen Medical Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Liu ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Zhiqing Zhou ◽  
Ergang Zhu Zhu ◽  
Long Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Smartphone Use

Abstract Background With the widespread smartphone use worldwide, this has brought about addiction and smartphone addiction recognized as an emerging epidemic. The study aims to investigate the prevalence of smartphone addiction among freshmen medical students and explore its association with personal factors, mental health and professional identity.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in October 10th to November 10th, 2020 and included 2182 first-year college students at Wannan Medical College, China.The Smartphone Addiction Test, Professional identity, 12-item General Health Questionnaire were used in this cross-sectional survey. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the correlations between smartphone addiction with mental health and professional identity. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess examine the factors influencing smartphone addiction.Results Of the 2182 students, 866(39.7%) were identified as smartphone addiction. The logistic regression analysis shows that four factors (professional identity scale,poor mental health,whether or not smartphone use before sleep, and perceived study pressure) had a significantly associated with smartphone addiction.Conclusions This cross-sectional study showed that smartphone addiction was common among the chinese freshmen medical students. smartphone addiction was common among the freshmen medical students surveyed.The findings suggest that the promotion program aimed at enhancing the mental health and professional identity among freshmen medical students are beneficial to reducing their smartphone addiction.

Demographic factors, social capital, and cigarette smoking: a large cross-sectional study in Tehran, Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jafar Hassanzadeh ◽  
Mohsen Asadi-Lari ◽  
Haleh Ghaem ◽  
Aziz Kassani ◽  
Abbass Rezaianzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Factors associated with the mental health status of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Japan

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e043728
Author(s):  
Makiko Arima ◽  
Yusuke Takamiya ◽  
Atsuko Furuta ◽  
Kris Siriratsivawong ◽  
Shizuma Tsuchiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic had a substantial impact on university students, including those in medical schools, with disruption in routine education causing significant psychological distress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with psychological distress among medical students during the period of enforced home quarantine from March through May 2020.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingOne Japanese medical school.Participants571 medical students.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSelf-administered electronic questionnaires including the K-6 scale for psychological distress, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) for self-esteem and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) for self-efficacy were distributed. To assess the determinant factor for psychological distress, variables such as sex, grade in school, living conditions, and RSES and GSES scores were evaluated in regression analysis.Results163 respondents (28.5%) scored ≥5 on the K-6 scale, indicating a significant degree of psychological distress. Logistic regression revealed that a higher score on RSES (p<0.001) and GSES (p<0.01) was an independent factor associated with lower levels of psychological distress. Multiple regression analysis focusing on students with a K-6 score ≥5 revealed that higher scores on RSES correlated with lower levels of psychological distress. By contrast, those with higher GSES scores also scored higher for indicators of psychological distress.ConclusionsThis study identified that self-efficacy and self-esteem were both influential factors for predicting psychological distress during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Medical schools should provide support for mental health and educational initiatives directed at enhancing self-esteem and self-efficacy, with a focus on improving personal resilience. In emergency situations, such as that faced in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, initial programmes might target students with higher levels of self-efficacy. By contrast, under routine situations, these efforts should be directed towards students with lower self-esteem as primary means to prevent depression.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of low back pain among undergraduate medical students in Serbia, a cross-sectional study

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11055
Author(s):  
Irena Ilic ◽  
Vesna Milicic ◽  
Sandra Grujicic ◽  
Ivana Zivanovic Macuzic ◽  
Sanja Kocic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sleeping Position

Background Low back pain (LBP) is a serious health problem among medical students. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors for LBP among Serbian medical students. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed among medical students at one University in Serbia. Data was collected by a self-reported questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with LBP; results from the analyses were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The study sample comprised 499 medical students, giving a response rate of 92.9%. The mean age of the participants was 22.0 ± 2.2 years (range 18–34). Overall, 20.8% (104/499) of medical students had LBP at the time of study. Cigarette smoking (OR = 2.5, 95% CI [1.5–4.2], p = 0.001), stress during classes (OR = 1.8, 95% CI [1.1–3.0], p = 0.039), incorrect sleeping position (OR = 1.9, 95% CI [1.2–3.1], p = 0.006) and family history of LBP (OR = 1.6, 95% CI [1.1–2.7], p = 0.047) were independently associated with high prevalence of LBP at the time of the study. Conclusions LBP is a highly prevalent health problem in medical students in Serbia. The association between LBP and cigarette smoking, stress during classes, incorrect sleeping position and LBP in family history has been observed in medical students.

scholarly journals The correlation between critical thinking and emotional intelligence, conflict management modes in Chinese medical undergraduates: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Wenqi Wei ◽  
Jianyu Dong ◽  
Canfei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Conflict Management ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Undergraduates ◽  
Management Modes

Abstract Background Medical students are supposed to utilize critical thinking (CT) to resolve problems in healthcare settings. And the complex clinical environment requires effective collaboration and communication. Students with higher emotional intelligence (EI) are more sensitive and can cope with the interpersonal communication better. Conflict is also inevitable in the medical workplace. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of CT, EI and conflict management modes (CMM) of the medical undergraduates, explore the correlation between CT and EI, CMM, and provide a theoretical evidence basis for the medical education. Methods A cross-sectional study of medical students from Jilin University was conducted using a questionnaire containing three parts: Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CTDI-CV), Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) and Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-II (ROCI-II). Demographic data relating to gender, grade and specialty were also collected. Data was analysed using T-tests, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results A total of 282 (95.39% response rate) medical undergraduates participated in this study. Students had a positive level of CT (Mean (SD) =281.12(27.40)). There was a positive correlation between the overall CT skills and the overall EI competencies (P < 0.01). For each dimension of ROCI-II, the total CTDI-CV score was significantly positively associated with integration and compromise scores (p < 0.01), significantly negatively associated with domination and compliance scores (p < 0.01) but not with avoidance score. The integration, perceived mood, compliance, dominance, and self-emotional regulation were good predictors of overall CT (adjusted R2 = 0.355). Conclusions Our findings showed medical undergraduates’ CT had significant correlations with EI and CMM. In other words, it was possible that the development of EI and conflict management skills might improve medical students’ CT. Therefore, further study is needed to uncover how educators can effectively foster EI and conflict management abilities to enhance the level of CT. The trial registration number (TRN) ChiCTR1800015784 Date of registration 2018/04/20 Keywords Critical thinking, Emotional intelligence, Conflict management modes, Medical undergraduates

scholarly journals Percentage of Injuries, and Related Factors Among a Group of Medical Students in Cairo University: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 675-680
Author(s):  
Hend Ali Sabry ◽  
Alaa Abou Zeid ◽  
Marwa Salem
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
University Students ◽  
General Health ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income

BACKGROUND: There has been a lack of data on injuries in young adults, including university students, in particular medical students. AIM: The current study was conducted to explore the percentage, and related factors of injuries among a group of medical students, who constitute an important risk group for accidents and injuries. METHODS: This exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted in Kasr Al-ainy Medical School. A convenient sample of medical students was chosen. 1300 survey questionnaires were distributed along all academic years, 807 from them were completely retrieved. The questionnaire form was adopted from “Health behavior survey among university students in low- and middle-income countries questionnaire.” Data entry and analysis were carried out using SPSS 21.0. RESULTS: One-quarter reported having a form of injury last year. Falling was the most nominated cause of injuries by the participant students (5,31.3%). Only those who “perceived” their general health as “well” reported being injured significantly more than those who perceived their general health as poor, with a p value = 0.006 and odds ratio of 1.6 (1.1–2.2). Taking drugs was the only factor significantly determining how the injury happened; whether it is intentional or unintentional with a p = 0.01 highlighting that about one-third (5, 31.3%) of those who were intentionally injured were taking drugs. CONCLUSION: Two factors were identified which will increase the understanding of public health of injuries in university communities to design programs for injury prevention programs specifically targeting medical students.

scholarly journals E-cigarettes use among university students in Jordan: Perception and related knowledge

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0262090
Author(s):  
Nour A. Al-Sawalha ◽  
Basima A. Almomani ◽  
Enas Mokhemer ◽  
Samah F. Al-Shatnawi ◽  
Roba Bdeir
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
University Students ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

The use of e-cigarettes has been increasing in popularity among people, especially young adults. Assessing young individuals’ perceptions of e-cigarettes can help to identify factors that may influence their decision to use e-cigarettes. To examine prevalence, perceptions, and knowledge of e-cigarettes among university students in Jordan, an observational cross-sectional study using an online self-administered questionnaire was conducted among students from public and private universities between October 2020 and January 2021. A total of 1259 university students completed the questionnaire. Approximately, 11% of participants reported e-cigarettes use. Among users, 26.5% used it for the purpose of smoking cessation, while 22% of them used it out of curiosity, and 20.5% used it as they believed it is less harmful than other tobacco products. Multivariate analysis showed that conventional cigarette smokers were independently associated with a better knowledge about e-cigarettes (OR = 1.496, 95CI% = 1.018–2.197, p-value = 0.040). In addition, medical students showed a significantly better knowledge compared to non-medical students (OR = 1.710, 95CI% = 1.326–2.204, p-value = <0.001). In Jordan, e-cigarettes use is less popular compared to other countries. Nonetheless, educational interventions are needed to correct misconceptions about e-cigarettes among young adults.

What Determines The Migration Intentions Of University Students?

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Heiko Haase ◽  
Arndt Lautenschläger
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Migration Decision ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Intention To Stay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The University

AbstractThe paper aims at exploring determinants of the university students' intentions to stay within their university region. At this, we presume that students' career choice motivations are related to their professional intentions, which again, along with demographic characteristics, affect their migration decision. Our analysis is based on a cross-sectional study of 2,353 students from three different higher education institutions, two of them located in Germany and one in Namibia. Results indicate that in Germany migration matters because a considerable proportion of students intend to leave the university region after graduation. At this, we found that the students' geographical provenance exerts the most significant effect on the intention to stay. Moreover, certain professional intentions were directly and some career choice motivations were indirectly linked with the intention to remain at the university location. We present several conclusions and implications.

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