scholarly journals Prevalence of and risk factors for asthma among people aged 45 and older in China: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingxuan Wan ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Chunxiao Li ◽  
Jiangtao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Middle School Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic respiratory diseases worldwide. This study aimed to determine the updated prevalence of and risk factors for asthma among individuals aged 45 and older in mainland China. Methods The data for this study came from the fourth wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) conducted by the National School of Development of Peking University in 2018. The CHARLS is a nationally representative survey targeting populations aged 45 and over from 28 provinces/cities in mainland China. A representative sample of 19,816 participants was recruited for the study using a multistage stratified sampling method. The prevalence of asthma was determined across different characteristics. The potential risk factors were examined by multivariable logistic regressions. Results A total of 18,395 participants (8744 men and 9651 women) were eligible for the final data analysis. The estimated prevalence of asthma among Chinese people aged ≥ 45 years in 2018 was 2.16% (95% CI 1.96–2.38). The prevalence of asthma significantly differed according to race (P = 0.002), with an overall rate of 2.07% (95% CI 1.86–2.29) in Han paticipants and 3.32% (95% CI 2.50–4.38) in minority participants. Furthermore, the minority ethnicities (OR = 1.55 [95% CI 1.12–2.14], P = 0.008), older age (60–69 years group: OR = 1.85 [95% CI 1.17–2.92], P = 0.008; ≥ 70 years group: OR = 2.63 [95% CI 1.66–4.17], P < 0.001), an education level of middle school or below (middle-school education: OR = 1.88 [95% CI 1.15–3.05], P = 0.011; primary education: OR = 2.48 [95% CI 1.55–3.98], P < 0.001; literate: OR = 2.53 [95% Cl 1.57–4.07], P < 0.001; illiterate: OR = 2.78 [95% CI 1.72–4.49, P < 0.001]), smoking (OR = 1.37 [95% CI 1.11–1.68], P = 0.003), and residence in North (OR = 1.52 [95% CI 1.11–2.09], P = 0.01) or Northwest China (OR = 1.71 [95% CI 1.18–2.49], P = 0.005) were associated with prevalent asthma. Conclusions Asthma is prevalent but underappreciated among middle-aged and elderly people in China. A number of risk factors were identified. These results can help to formulate correct prevention and treatment measures for asthma patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Asthma among People aged 45 and Older in Mainland China: A Cross-sectional Study from CHARLS in 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingxuan Wan ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Chunxiao Li ◽  
Jiangtao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Education ◽  
Middle School Education ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic respiratory disease worldwide. The survey aims to describe the updated prevalence and risk factors of asthma among individuals aged 45 and older in mainland China. Methods: The data for this study come from the fourth wave of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) conducted by the National School of Development of Peking University in 2018. CHARLS is a nationally representative survey targeting populations aged 45 and over from 28 provinces/cities in mainland China. A representative sample of 19816 participants were recruited for the study using a multi-stage stratified sampling method. The prevalence of asthma was described across different characteristics. The potentially risk factors were examined by multivariable logistic regressions. Results: A total of 18504 participants (8759 men and 9745 women) were eligible for the final data analysis. The estimated prevalence of asthma among Chinese people age≥ 45 years in 2018 was 2.16% (95%CI 1.96-2.38). The prevalence of asthma significantly differs according to race (P=0.002), with an overall rate of 2.06% (95% CI 1.86-2.29) in Han and 3.28% (95%CI 2.47-4.34) in minorities. Furthermore, the minorities (OR=1.54 [95% CI 1.114-2.122], P=0.009), elderly people (60-69 years group: OR= 2.65 [95% CI 1.230-5.702], P=0.013; ≥ 70 years group: OR=3.38 [95% CI 1.741-8.036], P=0.001), middle-school education and below (middle-school education: OR=1.91[95%CI: 0.678-1.193], P=0.009; primary education: OR=2.59 [95% CI 0.675- 1.199], P< 0.001; literate: OR=2.60 [95% Cl 0.480- 0.928; illiterate: OR=2.89 [95% CI 0.220-0.572]), smokers (OR=1.36 [95% CI 1.109-1.677], P=0.003), North (OR=1.51[95% CI 1.02-2.078], P=0.01) or Northwest China residence (OR=1.70 [95% CI 1.170-2.472], P=0.005) were associated with prevalent asthma. Conclusions: Asthma is prevalent but underappreciated among middle-aged and elderly people in China. A number of risk factors were identified. These results can help to formulate correct prevention and treatment measures for asthma.

scholarly journals A Serial Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Prevalence, Risk Factors and Geographic Variations of Reduced Visual Acuity in Primary and Secondary Students from 2000 to 2017 in Hong Kong

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1023
Author(s):  
Perseus W.F. Wong ◽  
Jimmy S.M. Lai ◽  
Jonathan C.H. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Geographic Variations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
The Difference

Background: We would like to investigate the prevalence trend, potential risk factors and geographic features of reduced visual acuity (VA) in primary and secondary schoolchildren of Hong Kong. Methods: This was a serial cross-sectional study using historical data of schoolchildren aged 6 to 15 years from the annual health checks conducted at Student Health Service Centers across Hong Kong, for the school years of 2000/2001 to 2016/2017. Results: The prevalence of reduced VA increased from 49.23% (95% CI, 48.99−49.47) in 2000/2001 to 54.34% (95% CI, 54.10−54.58) in 2011/2012 but decreased to 51.42% (95% CI, 51.17−51.66) in 2016/2017. Girls were less susceptible than boys at age 6−7 (and in grade primary 1−2), but more susceptible at older ages. The prevalence in junior grades increased while the risk effect of grade reduced over the past 17 years. Geographic variation on the risk for reduced VA existed and spatial autocorrelation was positive. The difference in prevalence of reduced VA between Hong Kong and mainland China has decreased in recent years. Cross-border students living in mainland China were associated with a lower risk for reduced VA. Conclusions: Further study was proposed to investigate the environmental association between students living in and outside Hong Kong with the prevalence of reduced VA. Multi-level research should also be conducted to investigate the influence of compositional and contextual factors on the prevalence of reduced VA.

scholarly journals Prevalence of cystic echinococcosis and associated risk factors among humans in Khartoum State, Central Sudan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed E Ahmed ◽  
Sara Siddig Abdalla ◽  
Ibrahim A Adam ◽  
Martin P Grobusch ◽  
Imadeldin E Aradaib
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Central Sudan ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background Hydatid disease or cystic echinococcosis (CE) is caused by the larval stages of the cestode parasite Echinococcus granulosus. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of seropositivity and to identify the risk factors associated with the disease among humans in Khartoum State, Central Sudan. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2017 and April 2018. A total of 305 randomly selected consenting participants from three localities were included in the current investigation using a multistage probability sampling method. An in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect immunoglobulin G antibodies to E. granulosus. The χ2 test and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the risk factors associated with CE seropositivity. Results A seroprevalence of 6.5% (20/305) was recorded among humans in Khartoum State, Central Sudan. Age (odds ratio [OR] 16.61 [confidence interval {CI} 2.21 to 117.92], p=0.006), locality (OR 3.08 [CI 1.42 to 22.54], p=0.011) and contact with dogs (OR 2.34 [CI 0.026 to 0.646], p=0.013) were recorded as potential risk factors for seropositivity to CE in the study area. Conclusions The seroprevalence of CE (6.5%) is high among humans in Khartoum State, Central Sudan. Improved surveillance is necessary to optimize control and prevention strategies for CE as an important neglected zoonotic disease among the human population in the study area of Central Sudan.

Adolescent-Onset Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Disease Features

Dermatology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 235 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Molina-Leyva ◽  
Carlos Cuenca-Barrales
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Positive

Background/Aims: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory and destructive skin disorder. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to stop its progression. Data concerning adolescent-onset HS are scarce. The aims of this study are to describe the prevalence of adolescent-onset HS and to explore potential risk factors and the disease features of these patients. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study including 134 patients was performed. Results: Adolescent-onset HS occurred in 51.5% (69/134) of patients. Adolescent-onset HS was associated with female sex, positive family history, presence of pilonidal sinus, acne conglobata, longer disease duration and a worse perception of disease severity. Conclusion: Adolescent-onset HS might be more frequent than previously reported. Female sex, positive family history and the presence of elements of the follicular occlusion tetrad identify individuals with a higher risk of early onset. These patients experience a longer disease duration and perceive their disease as severer.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of perceived neighborhood collective efficacy and risk of adhd among a nationally-representative sample of children

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Derauf ◽  
Diana Pandey ◽  
Juliette T. Liesinger ◽  
Euijung Ryu ◽  
Jeanette Y. Ziegenfuss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neighborhood Collective Efficacy ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nationally Representative

Objectives: The development and severity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to a number of psychosocial risk factors. Research has shown that the amount of social capital in a community influences the physical and mental health of community members. We assessed the independent role of perceived neighborhood context, including physical and socioeconomic characteristics, and collective efficacy, a form of social capital, on ADHD prevalence. Methods: Cross-sectional study utilizing the 2007 National Survey of Children’s Health, a nationally representative dataset. The population of interest was children between the ages of four and seventeen living in randomly selected households. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the association between indices of perceived neighborhood socioeconomic conditions, built environment, and collective efficacy (study exposures) on risk of ADHD (outcome), controlling for pertinent individual and family risk factors.Results: 9.8 percent of children in the US (ages 4‐17) had ADHD as reported by their caregiver. In multivariate analysis, white race, male gender, increased geographic mobility, exposure to household smoke, exposure to > 2 hours/day TV, and maternal mental illness increased the odds of ADHD, while a two‐parent household reduced the odds. The highest level of perceived neighborhood collective efficacy was associated with reduced risk of ADHD compared to lower levels of perceived collective efficacy (adjusted OR: 0.785; 95% CI: 0.650-0.946; p=.011). Perceived neighborhood socioeconomic conditions and built environment were not associated with ADHD risk.Results: Nine percent of children in the US (ages 4-17 ) had ADHD as reported by their caregiver. Univariately, all 3 neighborhood characteristics were associated with risk of ADHD (p-value =.01, .04, and .0002 for socioeconomic conditions, built environment, and collective efficacy, respectively). After accounting for well-established risk factors for ADHD, perceived neighborhood socioeconomic conditions and built environment were no longer associated with ADHD, while collective efficacy remained significant (p=.0002).  Lower level of perceived neighborhood collective efficacy was associated with increased risk of ADHD (OR: 1.7; 95\% CI: 1.3-2.2, comparing the lowest with the highest level).Conclusions: Our study suggests that perceived neighborhood collective efficacy may buffer the impact of individual-and family-level risk factors for ADHD in children.

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