scholarly journals Urban emergence of Dermanyssus gallinae lineage L1 and Ornithonyssus sylviarum in Hungary: phylogenetic differentiation between the roles of migrating vs transported synanthropic birds

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Hornok ◽  
Nóra Takács ◽  
Gábor Sipos ◽  
Pál Morandini ◽  
Attila D. Sándor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Ornithonyssus Sylviarum ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
House Martin

Abstract Background Among Dermanyssoidea, the chicken red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) and the northern fowl mite (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) are considered to be the cause of high economic losses endured by the poultry industry in the Holarctic region, with O. sylviarum predominating in North America and D. gallinae in Europe. Both species have a short life-cycle (thereby allowing a rapid build-up of massive infestations), a wide range of hosts, synanthropic presence and the ability to bite humans. The aim of this study was to analyze dermanyssoid mite specimens, collected in two human dwellings and two racing pigeon premises in different urban areas in Hungary, with molecular–phylogenetic methods. Methods Mite species were identified morphologically. This was followed by DNA extraction and molecular–phylogenetic analyses of selected mites, based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) and 28S rRNA (28S) genes. Results Mites that had invaded a home from a pigeon nest and were linked to human dermatitis were morphologically and molecularly identified as D. gallinae special lineage L1. Specimens collected at all other sampling sites were identified as O. sylviarum, including mites that had invaded a home from a house martin (Delichon urbicum) nest, as well as those which were collected from racing pigeons. House martin- or pigeon-associated O. sylviarum specimens showed the highest sequence identity and closest phylogenetic relationship with conspecific mites reported in GenBank from Israel or Canada, respectively. Conclusions Detailed morphological and molecular–phylogenetic analyses of D. gallinae lineage L1 confirmed its status as a cryptic species within D. gallinae (s.l.). Taking into account the well-documented latitudinal migratory routes of house martins between Hungary and Africa, O. sylviarum associated with this bird species most likely arrived on its host from the eastern Mediterranean region. On the other hand, mites collected from pigeons in Hungary showed cox1 genetic homogeneity with North American O. sylviarum, which can only be explained by a long-distance (west-to-east intercontinental) connection of birds and their mites as part of human activity (e.g. transportation to exhibitions or trading). In summary, this is the first molecularly confirmed and phylogenetically analyzed case of O. sylviarum infestation of birds in Hungary, implicating urban environment and involving distant parts of the country. This is also the first report of D. gallinae lineage L1 in central Europe.

scholarly journals Disentangling relationships among eastern Mediterranean Cymbalaria including description of a novel species from the southern Peloponnese (Greece)

2021 ◽  
Vol 307 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pau Carnicero ◽  
Núria Garcia-Jacas ◽  
Llorenç Sáez ◽  
Theophanis Constantinidis ◽  
Mercè Galbany-Casals
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Aegean Islands ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

AbstractThe eastern Mediterranean basin hosts a remarkably high plant diversity. Historical connections between currently isolated areas across the Aegean region and long-distance dispersal events have been invoked to explain current distribution patterns of species. According to most recent treatments, at least two Cymbalaria species occur in this area, Cymbalaria microcalyx and C. longipes. The former comprises several intraspecific taxa, treated at different ranks by different authors based on morphological data, evidencing the need of a taxonomic revision. Additionally, some populations of C. microcalyx show exclusive morphological characters that do not match any described taxon. Here, we aim to shed light on the systematics of eastern Mediterranean Cymbalaria and to propose a classification informed by various sources of evidence. We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses using ITS, 3’ETS, ndhF and rpl32-trnL sequences and estimated the ploidy level of some taxa performing relative genome size measures. Molecular data combined with morphology support the division of traditionally delimited C. microcalyx into C. acutiloba, C. microcalyx and C. minor, corresponding to well-delimited nrDNA lineages. Furthermore, we propose to combine C. microcalyx subsp. paradoxa at the species level. A group of specimens previously thought to belong to Cymbalaria microcalyx constitute a well-defined phylogenetic and morphological entity and are described here as a new species, Cymbalaria spetae. Cymbalaria longipes is non-monophyletic, but characterized by being glabrous and diploid, unlike other eastern species. The nrDNA data suggest at least two dispersals from the mainland to the Aegean Islands, potentially facilitated by marine regressions.

Asian Betylobraconinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with description of a new genus and phylogenetic affinities of the tribe Facitorini

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Sáez ◽  
Kaoru Maeto ◽  
Alejandro Zaldivar-Riverón ◽  
Sergey Belokobylskij
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
One New Species ◽  
Rrna Sequences

AbstractThe taxonomy of the Asian genera of the subfamily Betylobraconinae, a small and understudied group within the hymenopteran family Braconidae, is revised. A new genus exclusively from the Asian region, Asiabregma gen. nov., containing three species (A. ryukyuensis sp. nov. (type species, Japan and Malaya), A. makiharai sp. nov. (Japan) and A. sulaensis (van Achterberg), comb. nov. (Indonesia)) is described. One new species of Aulosaphobracon, A. striatus sp. nov. from Vietnam, and one of Facitorus, F. amamioshimus sp. nov. from Japan, are also described. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses using COI mtDNA and 28S rRNA sequences, the three genera previously placed in the tribe Facitorini, Facitorus, Conobregma and Jannya, together with Asiabregma gen. nov., are transferred to the rogadine tribe Yeliconini.

The enigmatic groundwater amphipod Awacaris kawasawai revisited: synonymisation of the genus Sternomoera, with molecular phylogenetic analyses of Awacaris and Sternomoera species (Crustacea : Amphipoda : Pontogeneiidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ko Tomikawa ◽  
Masaki Kyono ◽  
Keiko Kuribayashi ◽  
Takafumi Nakano
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Japanese Archipelago ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago ◽  
Kochi Prefecture

Amphipod crustaceans are dominant in subterranean habitats, and members of eight genera are endemic to groundwater environments in the Japanese Archipelago. The taxonomic status of two of these genera remains unclear, because their original descriptions were incomplete. The descriptions of the enigmatic subterranean monotypic genus Awacaris and its type species, A. kawasawai Uéno, 1971, are revisited here. Awacaris kawasawai was originally described based on specimens from a subterranean stream at Himise Cave, Tokushima Prefecture, Shikoku, Japan. Recently, a new population of A. kawasawai was found at Saruta Cave, Kochi Prefecture, Shikoku. Detailed observation of the newly collected specimens reveals the presence of sternal gills, which is the diagnostic character of the pontogeneiid genus Sternomoera, making the validity of Sternomoera open to question. Phylogenetic analyses using nuclear 28S rRNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I markers demonstrate that A. kawasawai forms a well-supported clade with the subterranean S. morinoi Tomikawa and Ishimaru, 2014. In addition, phylogenetic analysis reveals cryptic diversity in epigean species of Sternomoera. Ancestral state reconstruction suggests that catadromous Sternomoera species have evolved from freshwater ancestors. Based on our morphological and phylogenetic analysis of Awacaris and Sternomoera species, it is concluded here that Sternomoera should be treated as a subjective junior synonym of Awacaris.

scholarly journals Whole transcriptome analysis of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
SABINE SCHICHT ◽  
WEIHONG QI ◽  
LUCY POVEDA ◽  
CHRISTINA STRUBE
Keyword(s):  
Drug Targets ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Ixodes Scapularis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Poultry Red Mite ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Metaseiulus Occidentalis ◽  
Nucleotide Data

SUMMARYAlthough the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) is the major parasitic pest in poultry farming causing substantial economic losses every year, nucleotide data are rare in the public databases. Therefore, de novo sequencing covering the transcriptome of D. gallinae was carried out resulting in a dataset of 232 097 singletons and 42 130 contiguous sequences (contigs) which were subsequently clustered into 24 140 isogroups consisting of 35 788 isotigs. After removal of sequences possibly originating from bacteria or the chicken host, 267 464 sequences (231 657 singletons, 56 contigs and 35 751 isotigs) remained, of which 10·3% showed homology to proteins derived from other organisms. The most significant Blast top-hit species was the mite Metaseiulus occidentalis followed by the tick Ixodes scapularis. To gain functional knowledge of D. gallinae transcripts, sequences were mapped to Gene Ontology terms, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) pathways and parsed to InterProScan. The transcriptome dataset provides new insights in general mite genetics and lays a foundation for future studies on stage-specific transcriptomics as well as genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic explorations and might provide new perspectives to control this parasitic mite by identifying possible drug targets or vaccine candidates. It is also worth noting that in different tested species of the class Arachnida no 28S rRNA was detectable in the rRNA profile, indicating that 28S rRNA might consists of two separate, hydrogen-bonded fragments, whose (heat-induced) disruption may led to co-migration with 18S rRNA.

A new amphibious species of the genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) from the Ryukyu Archipelago and Taiwan

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4952 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-494
Author(s):  
SHO TSUKAMOTO ◽  
SHIMPEI F. HIRUTA ◽  
KATSUYUKI EGUCHI ◽  
JHIH-RONG LIAO ◽  
SATOSHI SHIMANO
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Ryukyu Archipelago ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
18S Rrna Genes

In Japan and Taiwan, five valid species of the genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 have been described: S. morsitans Linnaeus, 1758, S. subspinipes Leach, 1816, S. mutilans Koch, 1878, S. japonica Koch, 1878, and S. multidens Newport, 1844. Recently, an undetermined species was found in the Ryukyu Archipelago and Taiwan. Using molecular phylogenetic analyses with mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA and nuclear 28S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes as well as conventional morphological examination, we successfully discriminated this sixth species as an independent lineage from S. subspinipes, S. mutilans, and other named congeners from East and Southeast Asia. Therefore, the species was described as S. alcyona Tsukamoto & Shimano, sp. nov. Several situational evidences suggest that this species prefers streamside environments and exhibits amphibious behavior. 

Molecular phylogeny of several species of Hoplolaimina (Nematoda: Tylenchida) associated with turfgrass in Korea, with comments on their morphology

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Abraham Okki Mwamula ◽  
Gayeong Lee ◽  
Yeong Ho Kim ◽  
Young Ho Kim ◽  
Kwang-Soo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Meloidogyne Graminicola ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Its Rrna ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pratylenchus Zeae

Summary Seven species belonging to Suborder Hoplolaimina are characterised using integrative taxonomy, considering both morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the 28S-rRNA, ITS-rRNA and COI gene sequences. It is evident that, as more populations of Pratylenchus zeae are continuously characterised, the species continues to display an ever-increasing intraspecific genetic variation within the 28S-rRNA and ITS-rRNA genes. However, the COI gene sequences exhibit minimum intraspecific variation and thus might be the most powerful DNA barcoding marker for the precise identification of P. zeae and should therefore be recommended as a complementary technique in the identification process of the species. Pratylenchus zeae, Meloidogyne graminicola and Heterodera pratensis are characterised herein for the first time in Korea, while the presence in Korea of P. penetrans, P. scribneri, H. avenae, and M. marylandi, is molecularly confirmed.

scholarly journals Advances in Research on Phytophthora capsici on Vegetable Crops in The United States

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 1588-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah L. Granke ◽  
Lina Quesada-Ocampo ◽  
Kurt Lamour ◽  
Mary K. Hausbeck
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Wide Range

Since L. H. Leonian's first description of Phytophthora capsici as a pathogen of chile pepper in 1922, we have made many advances in our understanding of this pathogen's biology, host range, dissemination, and management. P. capsici causes foliar blighting, damping-off, wilting, and root, stem, and fruit rot of susceptible hosts, and economic losses are experienced annually in vegetable crops including cucurbits and peppers. Symptoms of P. capsici infection may manifest as stunting, girdling, or cankers for some cultivars or crops that are less susceptible. P. capsici continues to be a constraint on production, and implementation of an aggressive integrated management scheme can still result in insufficient control when weather is favorable for disease. Management of diseases caused by P. capsici is currently limited by the long-term survival of the pathogen as oospores in the soil, a wide host range, long-distance movement of the pathogen in surface water used for irrigation, the presence of fungicide-resistant pathogen populations, and a lack of commercially acceptable resistant host varieties. P. capsici can infect a wide range of hosts under laboratory and greenhouse conditions including cultivated crops, ornamentals, and native plants belonging to diverse plant families. As our understanding of P. capsici continues to grow, future research should focus on developing novel and effective solutions to manage this pathogen and prevent economic losses due to the diseases it causes.

A new species of the genus Pseudocrangonyx (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Pseudocrangonyctidae) from Simbok Cave, Korea

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4731 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHI-WOO LEE ◽  
KO TOMIKAWA ◽  
TAKAFUMI NAKANO ◽  
GI-SIK MIN
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Subterranean Species ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Honshu Island

A new subterranean species of pseudocrangonyctid amphipod, Pseudocrangonyx joolaei, is described from the groundwater of a cave in South Korea. Pseudocrangonyx joolaei sp. nov. can be distinguished from its congeners by the number of sternal gills as well as a combination of the antennal sinus, the accessory flagellum of antenna 1, and the terminal article of uropod 3. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear 28S rRNA and histone H3, and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S rRNA genes revealed that P. joolaei sp. nov. formed a clade with P. akatsukai Tomikawa & Nakano, 2018 that inhabits limestone caves in the western Honshu island, Japan. 

scholarly journals Species Diversity of the Pleurostomatid Ciliate Genus Amphileptus (Ciliophora, Haptoria), With Notes on the Taxonomy and Molecular Phylogeny of Three Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wu ◽  
Jiqiu Li ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
Xiaofeng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Phylogenetic Methods ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Intensive Sampling ◽  
High Diversity

Amphileptus is one of the largest genera of pleurostomatid ciliates and its species diversity has been reported in various habitats all over the world. In the present work, we review its biodiversity based on data with reliable morphological records. Our work confirms that there are 50 valid Amphileptus species, some of which have a wide range of salinity adaptability and diverse lifestyles. This genus has a high diversity in China but this might be because of the relatively intensive sampling. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA sequence data verify the non-monophyly of the genus Amphileptus. Furthermore, two new and one poorly known Amphileptus species, namely A. shenzhenensis sp. n., A. cocous sp. n., and A. multinucleatusWang, 1934, from coastal habitats of southern China were investigated using morphological and molecular phylogenetic methods. These three species are highly similar based on their contractile vacuoles and macronuclear nodules. However, they can be discriminated by details of their living morphology and somatic kineties. We also propose two new combinations, Amphileptus polymicronuclei (Li, 1990) comb. n. (original combination Hemiophrys polymicronucleiLi, 1990) and Amphileptus salimicus (Burkovsky, 1970b) comb. n. (original combination Hemiophrys salimicaBurkovsky, 1970b).

scholarly journals Ophiocordyceps aphrophoridarum sp. nov., a new entomopathogenic species from Guizhou, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Yang ◽  
Yuanpin Xiao ◽  
Gangjiang Yu ◽  
TingChi Wen ◽  
ChunYing Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

Ophiocordyceps is the largest genus in the family Ophiocordicipitaceae, including many entomopathogenic species. In recent years, many species have been described in this genus, with a wide range of host insects. Entomopathogenic fungi include ecologically, economically and medicinally important species, but a large portion of their diversity remains to be discovered and described. In this study, a new species, Ophiocordyceps aphrophoridarum sp. nov, parasitising Aphrophoridae sp. (Hemiptera) is proposed from China, based on evidence from morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses. This species is characterised by fibrous, pigmented stromata, cylindrical asci and filiform ascospores. Compared to its closest relative, O. tricentri, the new species has wider perithecia and longer asci. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of a multilocus dataset (consisting of SSU, ITS, LSU, TEF1, RPB1 and RPB2) confirm its placement in Ophiocordyceps. Ophiocordyceps aphrophoridarum is morphologically described and illustrated with colour photographs. Morphological comparisons with closely-related species are also presented in tabulated format.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document