Genoprotective role of vitamin E and selenium in rabbits anaesthetized with sevoflurane

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cetin Kaymak ◽  
Ela Kadioglu ◽  
Hulya Basar ◽  
Semra Sardas
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Sevoflurane Anaesthesia ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

In this study, genotoxic effects of repeated sevoflurane anaesthesia were investigated in rabbits with or without antioxidant supplementation. Twenty-one New Zealand male rabbits were included in the study and randomized into three groups as: placebo treated (Group I), vitamin E supplemented (Group II) and selenium supplemented (Group III). Vitamin E and selenium were given intraperitoneally for 15 days before anaesthesia treatment. Anaesthesia was administered using 3% sevoflurane in 4 L/min oxygen for a 3-hour period and continued for 3 days. Blood samples were collected before anaesthesia (Sample 1), after the first, second and third days of sevoflurane administration (Sample 2, Sample 3 and Sample 4 respectively) and the last samples were taken 5 days after the last sevoflurane administration (Sample 5). Genotoxic damage was examined using the comet assay. The degree of damage is assessed by grading the cells into three categories of no migration (NM), low migration (LM) and high migration (HM) depending on the fraction of DNA pulled out into the tail under the influence of the electric field. The number of comets in each sample was calculated (1 × number of comets in category NM + 2 × number of comets in category LM + 3 ×number of comets in category HM) and expressed as the total comet score (TCS), which summarizes the damage frequencies. In Group I, a significant increase in the mean TCSs was observed for Samples 3 and 4 as compared with Sample 1. However, there were no significant differences between Samples 1, 2 and 5. The mean TCS of Sample 4 was significantly higher than Sample 1, 2 and 3 in Group II. Group III demonstrated no significant mean TCSs for any experimental conditions. Statistical differences were also observed between the groups with significant P values. This experimental study points out the presence of DNA damage with repeated sevoflurane anaesthesia and the genoprotective role of antioxidant supplementation on DNA damage in mononuclear leukocytes of rabbits by highly sensitive comet assay.

scholarly journals Study on Role of Oral Clonidine in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Surgery – A Comparative Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirul Islam ◽  
Mozaffer Hossain ◽  
AKM Akhtaruzzaman ◽  
UH Shahera Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Skin Incision ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Oral Clonidine ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Laparoscopic surgical techniques have been rapidly accepted by the surgeon worldwide e.g. especially laparoscopic cholecystectomy, with published reports describing the benefits of less postoperative pain, reduced hospital stay and an earlier return to work. The hall mark of laparoscopic surgery is the creation of pneumoperitoneum with pressurized CO2. The high solubility of CO2 increases systemic absorption by the vasculature of the peritoneum. This, combined with smaller tidal volumes because of poor lung complication, leads to increased arterial CO2 levels which is known as hypercarbia. If hypercarbia allowed to develop, will stimulate the sympathetic nervous system and thus increase heart rate, blood pressure, and the risk of dysrhythmias. These effects can prove especially challenging in patients with restrictive lung disease, impaired cardiac function, or intravascular volume depletion . The present study was to evaluate the role of oral clonidine and atenolol in controlling tachycardia and hypertension associated with pneumoperitoneum with CO2 during laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia and also to find out the best premedicant in controlling heamodynamic instability in laparo-scopic cholecystomy. 75 patients schedule for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly selected by blind envelop method. Patients were divided equally into three groups, which were Group-I: Oral clonidine(150ìgm), Group-II: oral atenolol(25mg) and Group-III: placebo (vitamin-c tablet), twenty five patients were in each group The mean difference of pulse rate at different times was significant (p<0.05), however just before induction, just after skin incision and just after insufflations CO2 were not significant (p>0.05). The mean differences of systolic, diastolic BP at different times were not significant (p>0.05), however BP was almost stable just before induction to the end of the operation in group I patients. The mean difference of SPO2 at different times was not significant(p>0.05) but just after intubations (99.6%±0.5% in group I, 99.3% ±0.5% in group II and 98.7%±1.1% in group III) and just after skin incision (99.5%±0.6% in group I, 98.9%± 0.6% in group II and 98.3% ±0.9 % in group III) was significant (p<0.05). The mean difference of ETCO2 at different times was not significant (p>0.05) however after 5 minutes insufflations (35.8±0.8 mmHg in group I, 36.5±0.5 mmHg in group II and 35.5±0.8 mmHg in group III) was significant (p<0.05). The mean (±SD) halothane intake of group I patients was 0.49±0.06%, 0.56±0.10% in group II and 0.66±0.09% in group III. The mean (±SD) duration of first analegesic demand of the patents was 90.8±8.5 minutes in group I, 74.0±8.5 minutes in group II and 72.2±8.7 minutes in group III. The mean difference of halothane requirement & duration of first analegesic demand were significant (p<0.05). The aldrete recovery status of original criteria were almost similar in three groups (p>0.05). We can conclude that oral clonidine and atenolol to control heart rate & haemodynamic instability in laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia is better than placebo.   Journal of BSA, Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2008 12-20

Bone mineral density and spongiosa architecture in correlation to vertebral body insufficiency fractures

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 538-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Andresen ◽  
S. Radmer ◽  
D. Banzer
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Insufficiency Fractures ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: the clinical value of spinal quantitative CT (sQCT) and the structural patterns of the vertebral bone were studied Material and Methods: sQCT was performed on 246 patients with a mean age of 57 years for whom conventional lateral radiographies of the thoracic and lumbar spine were available. All patients were suffering from back pain of unknown etiology. the bone mineral density (BMD) of the midvertebral section of 3 lumbar vertebral bodies was determined by means of single-energy-(SE)-weighted QCT (85 kV). Spongiosa architecture and density profile analyses were made in the axial images. This was contrasted to BMD values ascertained in SE QCT. the mean BMD was compared to the number of fractures and the patients were divided into three groups: group I — no fracture; group II — one fracture; and group III 1 fracture Results: the mean BMD was: 134.3 (74.1–187.5) mg hydroxyapatite (HA)/ml in group I; 79.6 (58.6–114.3) mg HA/ml in group II; and 52.4 (13.1–79.1)mg HA/ml in group III. A significant deterioration in spongiosa structure was found with increasing demineralization: strongly rarefied patterns predominated in the fracture groups II and III Conclusion: sQCT provides a good risk assessment of the occurrence of vertebral body insufficiency fractures

Seasonal variations in wool growth and heat tolerance of sheep. I. Wool growth

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Wodzicka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seasonal Rhythm ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

The monthly wool growth of three groups of rams was studied at Beltsville, Maryland. Group I received natural daylight (at 38° 53' N.) and was shorn monthly. Group II had a 7:17 hours of daylight to hours of darkness rhythm and was shorn every 6 months, once in winter and once in summer. Group III received natural daylight and was likewise shorn every 6 months. The rams of all groups produced more wool in summer than in winter. This difference was significant (P<0.001). The mean body weight and food intake were both greater in the winter months, which indicated that the seasonal rhythm of wool growth was not a consequence of poorer feeding in winter. The rams which were shorn monthly (group I) grew considerably more wool than the other two groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. The short-day treatment of group II did not increase the annual wool production nor decrease the seasonal rhythm of wool growth. The balance of evidence from this and other experiments indicates that temperature rather than light controls the seasonal rhythm of wool growth.

Endothelin effects in isolated, perfused lamb lungs: role of cyclooxygenase inhibition and vasomotor tone

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (2) ◽  
pp. H443-H450 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Toga ◽  
J. Usha Raj ◽  
R. Hillyard ◽  
B. Ku ◽  
J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Vasomotor Tone ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibition ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Sites Of Action ◽  
Arteries And Veins

We have determined the sites of action of endothelin-1 (ET) in the lamb pulmonary circulation. The influence of cyclooxygenase inhibition and baseline vasomotor tone on ET effects was also studied. Lungs of 14 lambs (6-9 wk of age, 12.1 +/- 0.6 kg body wt) were isolated and perfused with blood. Group I lungs (n = 5) were untreated, group II lungs (n = 5) were treated with indomethacin to inhibit cyclooxygenase, and group III lungs (n = 4) were treated with indomethacin and a thromboxane A2 analogue, U-46619, to elevate vasomotor tone. All lungs were perfused with constant flow in zone 3, with left atrial and airway pressures being 8 and 6 cmH2O, respectively. We measured pulmonary arterial pressure and, by the micropuncture servo-null method, pressures in 20- to 50-microns diameter subpleural venules, both before and after each dose of ET was infused (50, 100, 250, and 500 ng/kg). Group I lungs, with high baseline vasomotor tone, exhibited a biphasic response to ET; 50-100 ng/kg of ET dilated both arteries and veins, whereas 500 ng/kg of ET constricted both arteries and veins. In group II lungs with low vasomotor tone, all doses of ET caused constriction of arteries only. In group III lungs (indomethacin treated with elevated vasomotor tone), 50-100 ng/kg of ET caused dilation of arteries and veins, whereas 500 ng/kg of ET induced constriction, this time only in arteries. We conclude that ET has both dilator and constrictor effects in arteries and veins of isolated, perfused lamb lungs. ET-induced arterial and venous dilation is dependent on initial vasomotor tone but not on cyclooxygenase metabolites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals The prognostic role of inflammatory markers in COVID 19 patients – A retrospective analysis.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivkumar Gopalakrishnan ◽  
sangeetha kandasamy ◽  
S.Malini ◽  
S.Peer Mohamed ◽  
k.velmurugan
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
P Value ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background. Approximately 5% of COVID-19 patients suffer near fatal disease. Clinical and radiologic features may predict severe disease albeit with limited specificity and radiation hazard. Laboratory biomarkers are eyed as simple, specific and point of care triage tools to optimize management decisions.This study aimed to study the role of inflammatory markers in prognosticating COVID-19 patients.Methodology. A hospital based retrospective study was conducted on COVID-19 adult inpatients classified into three groups as mild disease-recovered [Group I], severe disease-recovered [Group II] and dead [Group III]. Categorical outcomes were compared using Chi square test. Univariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed to test the association between the explanatory and outcome variables. Unadjusted OR along with 95% CI was calculated. The utility of lab parameters (Ferritin, LDH, D dimer, N/L ratio and PLT/L ratio) in predicting severity of COVID-19 was assessed by Receiver Operative Curve (ROC) analysis. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results. The mean age was 49.32 +/- 17.1 years. Among study population, 378 were Group I, 66 Group II, and 56 Group III. Median levels of Ferritin among the 3 groups were 62ng/mL, 388.50 ng/mL and 1199.50 ng/mL. Median value of LDH were 95U/L, 720 and 982.50(p <0.001). D-dimer values of 3 groups were 23.20ng/mL, 104.30 ng/mL and 197.10 ng/mL (p <0.001). CRP done qualitatively was positive in 2 (0.53%), 30 (45.45%) and 53 (94.64%) of patients. The odds of patients suffering severe COVID-19 rose with rising values of ferritin, LDH and D-dimer [unadjusted OR 1.007, 1.004 &1.020]Conclusion. One time measurement of serum ferritin, LDH, D-dimer and CRP is promising to predict outcomes for COVID 19 inpatients. Single qualitative CRP was equally good but more cost effective than quantitative CRP. The most specific combination was NLR, Lymphocyte percentage and D-dimer levels done between 7th – 10th day of symptoms.

scholarly journals Effects of Ficus syncomorus and Datura metel stem-bark extracts on the sperm characteristics of Yankasa rams

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
J. O. Okpara ◽  
M. B Abudul ◽  
S. I Garba ◽  
O. V Adelowo ◽  
A. C Mbgojikwe
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Datura Metel ◽  
Sperm Characteristics ◽  
Group I ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Interest in medicinal plants for the management of myriad of conditions including reproductive disorders refractory to orthodox medicinal care is on the increase. Ficus syncomorus and Datura metel are two of such plants with folkloric evidence of aiding fertility in human. This study investigated the effect of aqueous stem-bark extracts (200 mg/kg) of F. syncomorus and D. metel respectively on the sperm characteristics of Yankasa rams. Twelve (12) matured (15 – 16 months) old rams were used in this study and randomly assigned into three (I, II, III) groups of four (4) animals each. Group I served as the control while II and III served as the treatment groups and received daily oral doses (200 mg/kg) of F. syncomorus and D. metel extracts respectively for 7 consecutive days. Semen was collected from all the groups at the end of the treatments using Electro-ejaculation method and evaluated by light microscopy. The mean semen volume (68.70+4.2 to 65.62+2.00) and percentage progressive motile cells significantly (p<0.05) reduced 7 days post treatment in group III (84.05+1.3) compared to the control (85.20+1.32) and the group II (86.56+0.40) animals. The mean sperm count, the percentage liveability and the haematological parameters and erythrocytic indices (10.81±0.24 for group 111 to 12.54±0.30 for group1) significantly (p<0.05) decreased in group III compared to the values in the control and group II rams. Abnormal sperm morphology (bent mid-piece, curved tail, headless tail, tailless head) significantly (p<0.05) increased in D. metel group (7.26+0.12) compared to F. syncomorus (5.02+0.04) and control groups (5.62+0.01) respectively. D. metel aquesous extract adversely affected sperm characteristics with significant effect on semen volume, sperm morphology and counts as well as haematological parameters. Exposure of animals to D. metel at the dose used may impair sperm fertilizing ability, thus leading to reduced ram fertility. While F. syncomorus extract appears a potential drug candidate for improving fertility.

Association of Salivary Lipids and Early Childhood Caries in an Indian Subpopulation: A Preliminary Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 393-397
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Sharma ◽  
Mudunuri Sindhuja ◽  
Priya Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Group Ii

Aim: This preliminary study aimed to estimate and correlate the relationship between salivary flow rate and levels of salivary triglycerides, cholesterol and total lipids in children with and without early childhood caries. Study design: Ninety children aged 3 – 6 years were divided into three groups of 30 each based on their decayed missing filled tooth (dmft) score, group I (dmft score = 0), group II (dmft score ≥4 and ≤ 9) and group III (dmft scores ≥ 10). Whole unstimulated saliva was collected in a sterile graduated cup over a period of 5 minutes and was quantitatively analyzed for levels of salivary triglycerides, cholesterol and total lipids. Data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis by one way ANOVA, Post-Hoc tukey and Pearson’s correlation test. Results: Salivary flow rate was 1.20±0.36, 1.01±0.37 and 0.86±0.31 ml/min in group I, II and III respectively. The mean levels of salivary triglycerides in group I, II and III was 3.57±0.43mg/ml, 6.11±1.70mg/ml and 6.03±1.73 mg/ml, respectively. The mean levels of salivary total lipids were higher in group II and III, ie 22.51±2.87 mg/ml and 22.68±2.54 mg/ml respectively. The mean level of salivary cholesterol was highest in group III (8.03±2.91 mg/ml). Salivary triglycerides and total lipids showed a significant positive correlation with dmft scores of children (p≤ 0.001). Salivary cholesterol also had a positive association with dental caries experience of children but was not significant. There was a negative correlation between salivary flow rate and levels of salivary triglycerides, cholesterol and total lipids. Conclusion: Children with ECC (group II and III) had lower salivary flow rate and higher levels of salivary triglycerides and total lipids compared to caries free children (group I). Levels of salivary cholesterol did not differ between caries free and children with ECC.

The Role of sFas in the Immune Escape Mechanism and Progression of Cancer Larynx

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. CMENT.S2565
Author(s):  
Amr A El Badry ◽  
Ismail Elmofty ◽  
Amira Helmy
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Soluble Fas ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cancer Larynx ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

This work assess serum levels of soluble Fas form (sFas) in patients with different stages of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC) to investigate its prognostic significance. We correlate its levels with the morphological changes of peripheral blood cells via buffy coat examinatin. The study population included 70 patients clinically diagnosed and pathohistologically confirmed LSCC in addition to 20 healthy controls. According to TNM classification 33(47.1%) patients were in stage I (group I) and 24(34.3%) in stage II (group II), 13(18.5%) in stage III (group III). The results revealed that the mean serum level of sFas (pg/ml) in the control group was 51.2, in group I was 66.33, in group II was 81.33 and in group III was 112.45. Statistical analysis of the mean of sFas by ELISA test in the patients' groups in comparison to the control revealed a significant increase of both group II and III in comparison to the control group (P < 0.01) but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between group I in comparison to either the control or group II. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between group I in comparison to group III. LM examination revealed massive extent of the apoptotic cells in group III when compared to both group I and group II. EM examination of the buffy coat revealed apoptotic changes, mainly in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs), represented by surface membrane ruffles and blebs with clumped nuclear chromatin and vacuolated cytoplasm. In conclusion, this study may help us to better understand one of the escape mechanisms in cancer larynx. This mechanism is represented by the significant increase in both the serum level of sFas and the morphological apoptotic changes that detected in PBMNCs. Soluble Fas may contribute to the progression of laryngeal cancer. It can be used as an attractive target for anticancer therapy and may be considered as a marker of disease progression and poor prognosis in laryngeal cancer.

The role of mitomycin C and porcine extracellular matrix in phacotrabeculectomy

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212094433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Momen Mahmoud Hamdi ◽  
Islam Mahmoud Hamdi
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Pressure Lowering ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: To compare between mitomycin C alone, porcine extracellular matrix alone, and combined low dose mitomycin C with porcine extracellular matrix in term of efficacy and safety in phaco-trabeculectomy surgery. Study design: Prospective comparative. Methods: Sixty eyes of 60 patients complaining of primary open angle glaucoma and cataract, undergoing phaco-trabeculectomy, were distributed into three groups: group I: surgery was augmented with mitomycin C, group II with porcine extracellular matrix, and group III with porcine extracellular matrix combined with low dose mitomycin C. Intraocular pressure was evaluated, postoperatively, at day 1, week 1, and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Bleb vascularity, pre- and post-operative intraocular pressure lowering medications, success of IOP control and complications were also evaluated. Results: After 12 months, the mean preoperative intraocular pressure (mm Hg) improved from 30.85 ± 4.7, 33.8 ± 4.2, and 31.05 ± 5.4 mm Hg, in groups I, II, and III respectively, to 13.8 ± 4.7 (55.2%), 15.2 ± 4.8 (55%), and 13 ± 4.9 (58.1%) ( p > 0.05). Success of IOP control, postoperative IOP lowering medications and complications were comparable ( p > 0.05). Bleb vascularity was significantly different ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Mitomycin C, porcine extracellular matrix and their combination are equally effective in phacotrabeculectomy.

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