Influence de la température sur la croissance de deux oursins comestibles, Paracentrotus lividus et Psammechinus miliaris

2020 ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
P. Le Gall ◽  
D. Bucaille ◽  
J.B. Grassin
Keyword(s):  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Psammechinus Miliaris

scholarly journals Echinochrome A Release by Red Spherule Cells Is an Iron-Withholding Strategy of Sea Urchin Innate Immunity

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Coates ◽  
Claire McCulloch ◽  
Joshua Betts ◽  
Tim Whalley
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Iron Chelator ◽  
Coelomic Fluid ◽  
Echinochrome A ◽  
Psammechinus Miliaris ◽  
Spherule Cell ◽  
Cellular Immune

Cellular immune defences in sea urchins are shared amongst the coelomocytes - a heterogeneous population of cells residing in the coelomic fluid (blood equivalent) and tissues. The most iconic coelomocyte morphotype is the red spherule cell (or amebocyte), so named due to the abundance of cytoplasmic vesicles containing the naphthoquinone pigment echinochrome A. Despite their identification over a century ago, and evidence of antiseptic properties, little progress has been made in characterising the immunocompetence of these cells. Upon exposure of red spherule cells from sea urchins, i.e., Paracentrotus lividus and Psammechinus miliaris, to microbial ligands, intact microbes, and damage signals, we observed cellular degranulation and increased detection of cell-free echinochrome in the coelomic fluid ex vivo. Treatment of the cells with ionomycin, a calcium-specific ionophore, confirmed that an increase in intracellular levels of Ca2+ is a trigger of echinochrome release. Incubating Gram-positive/negative bacteria as well as yeast with lysates of red spherule cells led to significant reductions in colony-forming units. Such antimicrobial properties were counteracted by the addition of ferric iron (Fe3+), suggesting that echinochrome acts as a primitive iron chelator in echinoid biological defences.

scholarly journals The reproductive response of the sea urchins Paracentrotus lividus (G.) and Psammechinus miliaris (L.) to a hyperproteinated macrophytic diet

2006 ◽  
Vol 339 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Gaëlle Jacquin ◽  
Anne Donval ◽  
Jacques Guillou ◽  
Sandra Leyzour ◽  
Eric Deslandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Psammechinus Miliaris ◽  
Reproductive Response

scholarly journals Effects of Glyphosate-Based and Derived Products on Sea Urchin Larval Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Davide Asnicar ◽  
Costanza Cappelli ◽  
Ahmad Safuan Sallehuddin ◽  
Nur Atiqah Maznan ◽  
Maria Gabriella Marin
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Aminomethylphosphonic Acid ◽  
Main Degradation Product ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

Despite the widespread use of herbicide glyphosate in cultivation, its extensive runoff into rivers and to coastal areas, and the persistence of this chemical and its main degradation product (aminomethylphosphonic acid, AMPA) in the environment, there is still little information on the potential negative effects of glyphosate, its commercial formulation Roundup® and AMPA on marine species. This study was conducted with the aim of providing a comparative evaluation of the effects of glyphosate-based and its derived chemicals on the larval development of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, thus providing new data to describe the potential ecotoxicity of these contaminants. In particular, the effects on larval development, growth and metabolism were assessed during 48 h of exposure from the time of egg fertilization. The results confirm that AMPA and its parent compound, glyphosate have similar toxicity, as observed in other marine invertebrates. However, interestingly, the Roundup® formulation seemed to be less toxic than the glyphosate alone.

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