Proteins of the Metaphase Chromosome

2019 ◽  
pp. 181-212
Author(s):  
Virginia P. Wray ◽  
Wayne Wray
Keyword(s):  
Metaphase Chromosome

scholarly journals GAMMA RAY - INDUCED MITOTIC ABNORMALITIES IN Helianthus annuus L. VARIETY EKIZ 1 / LOS RAYOS DE GAMMA CAUSA ANORMALIDADES MITOTICAS EN Helianthus annuus L. VARIEDAD DE EKIZ 1 / LES ANORMALITÉS MITOTIQUES CHARGÉÉS DES RAYONS GAMMA

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Orhan Arslan ◽  
Şenol Bal ◽  
Nilgün Venice ◽  
Semra Mirici
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Metaphase Chromosome ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Dose Increase ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Mitotic Abnormalities ◽  
Chromosome Stickiness

SUMMARYIn this study, mitotic effects of gamma rays on Ekiz 1 variety belonging to Helianthus annuus L. (2n= 34) in the M0 (first irradiated seeds), M1 and M2 generations have been investigated. Seeds (M0) were irradiated with gamma rays at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kR doses. Percentage of total abnormalities in the M0, M1 and M2 generations increased parallel to the increasing dose of radiation. These abnormalites have been observed as C-metaphase, chromosome stickiness, laggards and bridges with or without fragment. Mitotic index (M.I.) in the M0, M1 and M2 generations has decreased parallel to the dose increase. When the generations are compared, both the amounts of decrease in mitotic index and in the percentage of mitotic abnormalities were mostly observed in M0.

Complementarity of interphase and metaphase chromosome analysis in human renal tumors

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra R. Wolman ◽  
Frederic M. Waldman ◽  
Margit Balazs
Keyword(s):  
Metaphase Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Analysis ◽  
Renal Tumors

Shaping the metaphase chromosome: coordination of cohesion and condensation

BioEssays ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 924-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Losada ◽  
Tatsuya Hirano
Keyword(s):  
Metaphase Chromosome

A Novel Technique for Observing the Internal Ultrastructure of Human Chromosomes with Known Karyotype

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ghazizadeh ◽  
Yoshihiro Sasaki ◽  
Tatsuo Oguro ◽  
Shigeru Sato ◽  
Seiko Egawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metaphase Chromosome ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Fragile Sites ◽  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Research ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Normal Human

Observation of the internal ultrastructure of human chromosomes by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has frequently been attempted in spite of the difficulties in detaching metaphase chromosome spreads from the glass slide for further processing. In this study we have used a method in which metaphase chromosome spreads were prepared on a flexible thermoplastic membrane (ACLAR) film. To assess chromosome identity, a diamidino-phenylindole staining and karyotying was first done using a conventional cytogenetic system. The chromosome spreads were then fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide, stained with freshly prepared 2% tannic acid, dehydrated, and flat-embedded in epoxy resin. The resin sheet was easily detachable and carried whole chromosome spreads. By this method, TEM observation of chromosomes from normal human lymphocytes allowed a thorough examination of the ultrastructure of centromeres, telomeres, fragile sites, and other chromosomal regions. Various ultrastructural patterns including thick electron dense boundaries, less dense internal regions, and extended chromatin loops at the periphery of the chromosomes were discernible. Application of the present method to chromosome research is expected to provide comprehensive information on the internal ultrastructure of different chromosomal regions in relation to function.

Screening of Ten Plant Species for Metaphase Chromosome Preparation in Adult Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) Using an Inoculation Technique

1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 892-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jitpakdi ◽  
W. Choochote ◽  
D. Insun ◽  
P. Tippawangkosol ◽  
P. Keha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Metaphase Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Preparation ◽  
Inoculation Technique

C-Microtubules in Isolated Mitotic Spindles

1971 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-619
Author(s):  
W. D. COHEN ◽  
T. GOTTLIEB
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Metaphase Chromosome ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Mitotic Spindles ◽  
Cylindrical Structure ◽  
Arbacia Punctulata ◽  
Alternate Possibility

Microtubules with incomplete cylindrical structure are present in isolated mitotic spindles of the sea urchin, Arbacia punctulata. In cross-section they appear C-shaped, and are thus similar to the ‘C-microtubules’ or ‘C-filaments’ observed previously in other systems. The C-microtubules are not uniformly distributed within isolated spindles, but are typically numerous in the interzonal region of anaphase spindles and in the metaphase chromosome ‘plate’. In chromosome-to-pole regions they are seen much less frequently, and microtubules with the usual O-configuration predominate. Counts of C- and O-microtubules in anaphase spindle cross-sections of known location show an inverse relationship between the number of C-microtubules present and the total number of microtubules present. The observations suggest that the C-microtubules are not simple artifacts of fixation or isolation, but rather may represent a stage of microtubule disassembly which occurs in the interzone during isolation or during anaphase in vivo. The alternate possibility of assembly is not excluded, however. The significance of C-microtubules is further discussed with respect to their occurrence in other systems, and to potential differences between mitotic microtubules.

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