Newlands – a strategic approach to derelict, underused and neglected land in the Community Forests of North West England

Author(s):  
L Dudley
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-254
Author(s):  
Pratibha Gwal ◽  
◽  
Neelu Lodhiyal ◽  

The present study deals with the assessment of density of trees (D), biomass (B) and carbon sequestration (CS) of trees on three aspects, viz. north-west (NW), north-east (NE) and south-east (SE) at different forest stands dominated by Quercus leucotrichophora, Quercus glauca and Pinus roxburghii in Nainital District Kumoun Himalya. The density of trees, saplings and seedlings across Community forests varied from 420-840, 110-6200 and 3510-11250 individuals ha-1, respectively. Total biomass of trees at different aspects ranged from 253 - 429 t ha-1. Total carbon storage of trees was 120.22 t C ha-1 on NW aspect (Banj Oak forest), 203.57 t C ha-1 on NE aspect (Chir Pine forest) and 157.47 t C ha-1 on SE aspect (Chir Pine forest). The carbon storage as well as biomass storage value is higher on northern aspect. It can be concluded that north aspect play an important role in forest growth and maturity which is required for sustainable development/ sustainability of environment. The huge amount of carbon storage by studied Van Panchayat forest sites will help to minimize CO2 rise in the atmosphere.


Author(s):  
Nontsikelelo O. Mapukata ◽  
Ian Couper ◽  
Jocelyn Smith

Introduction: Rural hospitals in South Africa, as elsewhere, face enduring shortages of, and challenges in attracting and retaining, suitably qualified staff. The Wits Initiative for Rural Health Education (WIRHE), based at the University of the Witwatersrand but covering three universities, is a rural scholarship programme established to find local solutions to these challenges in the North West and Mpumalanga provinces. The purpose of this evaluation was to ascertain whether the WIRHE project was achieving its objectives.Methods: This article draws from an evaluation commissioned by the Swiss-South African Cooperative Initiative, a major funder of the programme when WIRHE was launched in 2003. Qualitative interviews were conducted either as face-to-face meetings or telephonically with 21 WIRHE students and graduates. Content analysis was undertaken to identify common themes.Results: There was a consistency in the findings as the students and graduates reported similar experiences. Many of the participants were overwhelmed by their initial challenges of having to adapt to a different language, an institutional culture and resources that they previously did not have access to. The participants acknowledged the role of WIRHE staff in facilitating the transition from home to university and, in particular, the value of the financial and academic support. The geographic distance to Wits presented a challenge for the Pretoria- and Sefako Makgatho-based students. The holiday work affirmed clinical advantages for WIRHE students and heightened students’ interest in becoming healthcare workers.Conclusion: WIRHE’s key success factors are the financial, academic and emotional support offered to students. WIRHE achieved its objectives based on a principled strategic approach and an understanding that students from rural backgrounds are more likely to return to rural areas. The study supports the value of structured support programmes for students of rural origin as they pursue their studies.


Author(s):  
S. Shirahama ◽  
G. C. Engle ◽  
R. M. Dutcher

A transplantable carcinoma was established in North West Sprague Dawley (NWSD) rats by use of X-irradiation by Engle and Spencer. The tumor was passaged through 63 generations over a period of 32 months. The original tumor, an adenocarcinoma, changed into an undifferentiated carcinoma following the 19th transplant. The tumor grew well in NWSD rats of either sex at various ages. It was invariably fatal, causing death of the host within 15 to 35 days following transplantation.Tumor, thymus, spleen, and plasma from 7 rats receiving transplants of tumor at 3 to 9 weeks of age were examined with an electron microscope at intervals of 8, 15, 22 and 30 days after transplantation. Four normal control rats of the same age were also examined. The tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde, postfixed in osmium tetroxide and embedded in Epon. The plasma was separated from heparanized blood and processed as previously described for the tissue specimens. Sections were stained with uranyl acetate followed by lead citrate and examined with an RCA EMU-3G electron microscope.


Author(s):  
Daryl A. Cornish ◽  
George L. Smit

Oreochromis mossambicus is currently receiving much attention as a candidater species for aquaculture programs within Southern Africa. This has stimulated interest in its breeding cycle as well as the morphological characteristics of the gonads. Limited information is available on SEM and TEM observations of the male gonads. It is known that the testis of O. mossambicus is a paired, intra-abdominal structure of the lobular type, although further details of its characteristics are not known. Current investigations have shown that spermatids reach full maturity some two months after the female becomes gravid. Throughout the year, the testes contain spermatids at various stages of development although spermiogenesis appears to be maximal during November when spawning occurs. This paper describes the morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of the testes and spermatids.Specimens of this fish were collected at Syferkuil Dam, 8 km north- west of the University of the North over a twelve month period, sacrificed and the testes excised.


1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1364-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. H. Pumphrey ◽  
S. J. Stanworth
Keyword(s):  

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roald Amundsen ◽  
Godfred Hansen
Keyword(s):  

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