Proposal for the Construction of a Greenhouse Gas Emissions Monitoring System for the ABC Plan—Sectoral Plan for Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change for the Consolidation of a Low Carbon Agriculture Economy

2015 ◽  
pp. 69-92
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation

scholarly journals Low-Carbon Quick Wins: Integrating Short-Term Sustainable Transport Options in Climate Policy in Low-Income Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakker ◽  
Haq ◽  
Peet ◽  
Gota ◽  
Medimorec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Change Strategies ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Gas Emissions

In low income countries (LICs) in Africa and Asia per capita transport greenhouse gas emissions are relatively low but are expected to grow. Therefore, a substantial reduction in projected increases is required to bring emissions in line with long-term global climate objectives. Literature on how LICs are integrating climate change mitigation and sustainable transport strategies is limited. Key drivers of transport policy include improving accessibility, congestion, air quality, energy security, with reducing greenhouse gas emissions being of lower priority. This paper assesses the current status, feasibility and potential of selected low-carbon transport measures with high sustainable development benefits that can be implemented in the short to medium term, so- called ‘quick wins’. It examines to what extent ten such quick wins are integrated in climate change strategies in nine low- and middle-income countries in Africa and South Asia. The research method comprises expert interviews, an online questionnaire survey of experts and policymakers in the focus countries, and a review of literature and government plans. Results indicate that sustainable urban transport policies and measures are considered high priority, with vehicle-related measures such as fuel quality and fuel economy standards and electric two- and three-wheelers being of key relevance. In existing national climate change strategies, these quick wins are integrated to a certain extent; however, with better coordination between transport and energy and environment agencies such strategies can be improved. A general conclusion of this paper is that for LICs, quick wins can connect a ‘top-down’ climate perspective with a ‘bottom-up’ transport sector perspective. A knowledge gap exists as to the mitigation potential and sustainable development benefits of these quick wins in the local context of LICs.

scholarly journals Conservation Agriculture: An Agroecological Approach to Adapting and Mitigating Climate Change Impacts on Malawi’s Agriculture

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Adewale M. Ogunmodede
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation

Although Africa’s contribution to the world’s greenhouse gas emission is the smallest compared to other continents, yet they tend to be affected most by the variability in Climate. Malawi is not an exception to this climate change, as they are not just faced with rising temperatures and variable rainfall patterns, but with reoccurring droughts and severe flooding. Agriculture has been noted to contribute significantly to not only climate change but also has significant impacts on global warming through its greenhouse gas emissions. Nevertheless, not all farming systems impact negatively on climate change. Conservation Agriculture is a farming system that encourages no or minimum soil disturbance, maintenance of a permanent soil cover, and diversification of crop species. These three interlinked principles combined with good agricultural practices promote biodiversity and normal biotic processes, both on and under the ground surface, thereby increasing the productivity and nutrient use efficiency of water, into a more resilient farming system which will help sustain and improve agricultural production. This review looks at Conservation Agriculture practices in the Machinga Agricultural Development Division of Malawi and its role in climate change mitigation and adaptation. This paper shows that Conservation Agriculture has played an active role in the adaptation and mitigation of climate change effect by reducing atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions but suggested there is a need for the government to formulate a CA framework that is founded on the three interlinked principles and not just based on soil and water conservation principles which are currently being advocated and practised.

scholarly journals The Economics of Global Climate Change: A Historical Literature Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Dobes ◽  
Frank Jotzo ◽  
David I. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Emissions Mitigation ◽  
Classic Papers

AbstractWe review the literature on the economics of climate change with a focus on the evolution of the literature from some of the early classic papers to the latest contributions. We divide the paper into three main sections: trends in greenhouse gas emissions, mitigation, and adaptation.

scholarly journals Challenges and Opportunities of Mongolia’s response to mitigate climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (112) ◽  
pp. 140-156
Author(s):  
Selenge Khishgee
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change

As part of the nationally determined contribution to the implementation of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, Mongolia aimsto reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) by 2.7% by 2030. The country’s per capita of greenhouse gas emissions are 2.7 times higher than the world average and relatively high in the region, and this is becoming a major issue. This is due to the fact that coal alone accounts for more than 90% of primary energy production, whereas renewable energy accounts for a smallproportion of total energy sources. Therefore, the role of the energy sector that emits the most greenhouse gas is important in reducing its fossil fuel consumption.This study addresses the key issues facing Mongolia’s energy sector in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and identifies opportunities for further actions. Furthermore, this will contribute to other studies on sustainable development, transition to a low-carbon economy, and implementation of energy policy recommendations.   Монгол орны уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлтийг сааруулах боломж, тулгарч буй сорилт (Эрчим хүчний салбарын жишээн дээр) Хураангуй: Уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлтийн тухай Парисын хэлэлцээрийг хэрэгжүүлэх үндэсний хэмжээнд тодорхойлсон хувь нэмрийн (ҮХТХН/ NDC) хүрээнд манай улс хүлэмжийн хийн ялгарлыг (ХХЯ) 2030 он гэхэд 22,7% бууруулахаар зорилт тавин ажиллаж байна. Монгол Улсын нэг хүнд ногдох ХХЯ нь дэлхийн дунджаас даруй 2,7 дахин их, бүс нутгийн хэмжээнд харьцангуй өндөр байгаа нь тулгамдаж буй асуудал болж байна. Үүний гол шалтгаан нь анхагдагч эрчим хүчний бүтээгдэхүүний үйлдвэрлэлийн 90 гаруй хувийг нүүрс дангаараа бүрдүүлж, сэргээгдэх эрчим хүчний эх үүсвэр нь нийт эрчим хүчний эх үүсвэрт багахан хувийг эзэлж байгаатай холбоотой юм. Тиймээс ХХЯ-ыг хамгийн ихээр ялгаруулж буй эрчим хүчний салбарын хатуу түлшний хэрэглээг багасгахад гүйцэтгэх үүрэг чухал байна. Энэхүү өгүүлэлд хүлэмжийн хийг бууруулахад манай улсын эрчимхүчний салбарт тулгамдаж буй гол гол асуудлыг хөндөж цаашид авч хэрэгжүүлэх боломж, гаргалгааг тодорхойлохыг зорьлоо. Ингэснээр тогтвортой хөгжил, бага нүүрстөрөгчийн эдийн засагт шилжих, эрчим хүчний бодлогын зөвлөмжийг хэрэгжүүлэх бусад судалгаанд хувь нэмэр оруулахад оршино. Түлхүүр үгс: Монгол Улс, Уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлт, Эрчим хүчний салбар, боломж, сорилт

scholarly journals GLOBAL WARMING - PHYSICS AND GEOPOLITICS (Review). 2. Policies to mitigate the negative impact of climate change and adapt to it

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
B.I. Basok ◽  
Ye.T. Baseyev ◽  
I.V. Kurayeva
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Gas Emissions

Introduction. Reducing the negative impact of global warming and adapting to its devastating effects is an urgent global problem. Its decision is actively taken care of by politicians, leading world organizations and the expert community. Problems. Political, financial and economic, innovative, scientific and technical approaches and measures to reduce and / or neutralize climate change are widely discussed. World organizations - IPCC, IEA, WMO, IMF, etc. - are involved in solving the problems. Purpose. Assess the state of the problem, present the results of research and measures and tools for their implementation to reduce the greenhouse effect and / or adapt to its negative impact. Materials and methods. Authoritative literature sources with analysis of approaches, measures and tools to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including the diversification of the fuel and energy balance of world energy resources, were used. Possibilities of adaptation to climate change are considered. Results. The main approaches and mechanisms of man-caused nature to actually reduce greenhouse gas emissions and global temperature in the 20th century are identified and their estimates for the period up to 2050 are given. The crucial role of RES and energy efficiency in the use of energy resources has been confirmed. Conclusions. It is likely that by the middle of the 20th century the world economy can be brought to a state of low-carbon development primarily through the use of renewable energy, energy efficiency, diversification of primary energy resources and their decarbonization, which will significantly reduce annual emissions of 10 carbon .

Hurry or Wait – The Pros and Cons of Going Fast or Slow on Climate Change

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Denny ◽  
Jurgen Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Low Carbon Technologies

AbstractClimate change risk will likely force the de-carbonization of our electricity sector and thus involve massive investments in long-lived assets using many new and emerging technologies. Since technological progress (independent or dependent on deployment) will likely lower the future cost of those technologies, investing early and rapidly forecloses saving money by installing those technologies at a lower cost later. There are thus benefits to waiting until the costs of renewables fall further. However, there are also costs to waiting. First, given the longevity of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, cumulative emissions matter and lowering greenhouse gas emissions earlier is beneficial. Second, there is significant uncertainty not only over the rate of change of the cost of low carbon technologies, but also over the cost of greenhouse gas emissions. The costs of waiting are complex in that the distributions themselves are unknown (and quite possibly have “fat” tails). There may also be complex timing issues such as points of no return in terms of global greenhouse gas concentrations, beyond which the costs of adapting to climate change effects become essentially infinite. Hurrying can therefore be considered an insurance policy against the unknown but perhaps increasing risk of catastrophic damage.

Is Shale Gas Good for Climate Change?

Daedalus ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Schrag
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
The United States ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Gas Emissions

Shale gas is a new energy resource that has shifted the dominant paradigm on U.S. hydrocarbon resources. Some have argued that shale gas will play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions by displacing coal used for electricity, serving as a moderate-carbon “bridge fuel.” Others have questioned whether methane emissions from shale gas extraction lead to higher greenhouse gas emissions overall. I argue that the main impact of shale gas on climate change is neither the reduced emissions from fuel substitution nor the greenhouse gas footprint of natural gas itself, but rather the competition between abundant, low-cost gas and low-carbon technologies, including renewables and carbon capture and storage. This might be remedied if the gas industry joins forces with environmental groups, providing a counterbalance to the coal lobby, and ultimately eliminating the conventional use of coal in the United States.

scholarly journals Establishment of educational module “Climate Change” in the University of Liepaja

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Ivars Javaitis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Distance Education ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Educational Module

<p>Increase of awareness and high knowledge base of society in the field of climate change and environment in general in global and local ranges is vital to prevent future possible increase of climate changes in the world. In order to more involve society in prevention of future climate changes, national government has come up with National Climate Policy [1], which includes possibility for educational institutions such as University of Liepaja to develop educational programs, including lifelong and distance education programs. To achieve given objective, educational module “Climate Change” is created by University of Liepaja. Goal of this activity is to increase knowledge and capacity of governmental institutions, municipalities, scientific and educational institutions, private businesses, societies and foundations as well as separate members of society. Besides overall information on greenhouse gas emissions and adaptation to climate change, University of Liepaja concentrates more on practical questions, since, in our opinion, practical knowledge on how to use renewable resources, reduce greenhouse gas emissions or even reuse them in industry will create larger impact on achieving the objective. Therefore University of Liepaja concentrates on following topics: practical use of different technical solutions in industry, technical equipment used in industry of renewable energy, technologies used to prevent greenhouse gas emissions and mathematical modeling of possible scenarios, when pollution occurs in populated areas. Developed materials will be available for society, especially for the members of the target group for educational purposes. Materials also can and will be used for distance education.</p>

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