PM10 and PM2.5 Mass Concentration Measurements in Belgrade Urban Area

Atmospheric carbonyls (aldehyde and ketone compounds) can be precursors for ozone and PM2.5, and they play an essential role in atmospheric chemistry. Linfen is a basin between mountains on the east and west, and there are many coking plants on the north and south sides of its urban area. The special topography and unfortunate industrial layout have frequently contributed to serious air pollution in Linfen. In order to investigate the pollution characteristics of atmospheric carbonyls in winter in urban Linfen, the carbonyl compounds were collected from the Municipal Committee site (MC) and the Yaowangtai site (YWT) from 16 to 25 January 2019, and their concentrations were analyzed by a high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV). The results show that formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone were the most abundant compounds, accounting for more than 70% of the total mass concentration of carbonyls in urban Linfen. Levels of these three carbonyls increased during the morning and evening traffic rush hours. The mass concentration of formaldehyde at both sites reached peak values at around noon (10:00–14:00). In addition, the mass concentrations of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone were positively correlated with CO mass concentrations, whereas only formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were positively correlated with temperature. Therefore, atmospheric formaldehyde in urban Linfen’s winter mainly came from vehicle exhaust emissions and the secondary generation of photochemical reactions. Most of the acetaldehyde came from vehicle exhaust emissions, and photochemical reactions also partially contributed to it. For acetone, vehicle exhaust emissions were the main source. In addition, coking industry emissions from Northern Linfen′s Hongtong County may also have contributed to the atmospheric carbonyls in the urban area of Linfen. For the first time, this study found that formaldehyde showed different behavior to acetaldehyde and acetone; that is, the nighttime decrease in formaldehyde mass concentration was greater than that of acetaldehyde and acetone.

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Estimating Aerosol Surface Area from Number and Mass Concentration Measurements

The Annals of Occupational Hygiene ◽

10.1093/annhyg/meg022 ◽

2003 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Keyword(s):

Surface Area ◽

Mass Concentration ◽

Concentration Measurements

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Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Summertime Atmospheric Volatile Halogenated Hydrocarbons in a Typical Urban Area of Beijing, China

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11101021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1021

Author(s):

Yuanyuan Ji ◽

Linghong Xu ◽

Hong Li ◽

Chuhan Wang ◽

Dongyao Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Urban Area ◽

Mass Concentration ◽

Control Measures ◽

Halogenated Hydrocarbons ◽

Industrial Processes ◽

The Mean ◽

Ozone Depleting Substances ◽

Beijing China ◽

Volatile Halogenated Hydrocarbons

Twenty-three atmospheric volatile halogenated hydrocarbons (VHHs) were detected in a typical urban area of Beijing, China from 24 August to 4 September, 2012. The mean and range in daily mass concentrations of the 23 VHHs were 30.53 and 13.45–76.33 µg/m3, respectively. Seven of those VHHs were controlled ozone-depleting substances in China, with a mean of 12.95 µg/m3, accounting for 42.43% of the total. Compared with other national and international cities, the concentrations of the selected 11 VHHs in this study were relatively higher. Dichloroethane had the highest mass concentration, followed by difluorochloromethane. Maxima of total VHHs occurred within the period 8:30–9:00 a.m., while minima occurred during 1:30–2:00 p.m. Source apportionment suggested that the main sources of VHHs in the study area were solvents usage and industrial processes, leakage of chlorofluorocarbons banks, refrigerants, and fumigant usage. Among the selected 7 VHHs, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene posed potential carcinogenic risks to exposed populations, while none of the selected 11 VHHs posed appreciable non-carcinogenic risks to exposed populations. The carcinogenic risks from atmospheric VHHs in Beijing are higher than in other Chinese cities, indicating that it is necessary to implement immediate control measures for atmospheric VHHs in Beijing.

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Mass concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 fine-dispersed aerosol fractions in the Eastern Gobi Desert

Russian Meteorology and Hydrology ◽

10.3103/s1068373913020039 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 80-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. L. Dement’eva ◽

G. S. Zhamsueva ◽

A. S. Zayakhanov ◽

V. V. Tsydypov ◽

A. A. Ayurzhanaev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Concentration ◽

Gobi Desert ◽

Pm10 And Pm2.5

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Study of Air Quality at One of the World’s Most Densely Populated City Dhaka and its Suburban Areas

Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences ◽

10.3329/jbas.v43i1.42234 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 59-66

Author(s):

Mohammad Lokman Hossain ◽

Subrata Chandra Roy ◽

Mithun Chandra Bepari ◽

Bilkis Ara Begum

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Urban Area ◽

Power Plants ◽

Winter Season ◽

Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽

Suburban Areas ◽

Air Sampler ◽

Pm10 And Pm2.5 ◽

Academy Of Sciences ◽

The City

Air borne particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5 were collected by using Mini Vol portable Air Sampler from the world most densely populated city Dhaka and its suburban areas over a period of January through December in 2016. This study revealed a comparison of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) of a highly polluted urban area to its two neighboring areas that accommodate heavy oil based power plants. In all three sites the quantity of PM decreases in summer reaching its lowest level in the month of July, however, it increases significantly in winter season. Despite the presence of the fuel based power plants the average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 at the city Dhaka surpasses its two neighbors Manikganj and Nawabganj. Interestingly, PM2.5/PM10 ratio is higher at the suburban areas than urban area. The study shows that for all the sites PM2.5 is approximately twice than that of WHO and USEPA. However, the values of PM2.5 is almost similar for Nawabganj and Manikganj but much higher for the Dhaka city especially during dry season . The Mass concentration of Black Carbon (BC) was also determined from the PM samples from Manikganj and Nawabganj. Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 1, 59-66, 2019

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Correction in aerosol mass concentration measurements with humidity difference between ambient and instrumental conditions

Atmospheric Environment ◽

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.10.038 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 41 (8) ◽

pp. 1616-1626 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gerry Bagtasa ◽

Nobuo Takeuchi ◽

Shunsuke Fukagawa ◽

Hiroaki Kuze ◽

Suekazu Naito

Keyword(s):

Mass Concentration ◽

Aerosol Mass ◽

Aerosol Mass Concentration ◽

Concentration Measurements

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Comparison of co-located refractory black carbon (rBC) and elemental carbon (EC) mass concentration measurements during field campaigns at several European sites

Atmospheric Measurement Techniques ◽

10.5194/amt-14-1379-2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 1379-1403

Author(s):

Rosaria E. Pileci ◽

Robin L. Modini ◽

Michele Bertò ◽

Jinfeng Yuan ◽

Joel C. Corbin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Absorption Coefficient ◽

Black Carbon ◽

Radiative Forcing ◽

Mass Concentration ◽

Elemental Carbon ◽

Geometric Standard Deviation ◽

Systematic Bias ◽

Field Campaigns ◽

Concentration Measurements ◽

Mass Concentrations

Abstract. The mass concentration of black carbon (BC) particles in the atmosphere has traditionally been quantified with two methods: as elemental carbon (EC) concentrations measured by thermal–optical analysis and as equivalent black carbon (eBC) concentrations when BC mass is derived from particle light absorption coefficient measurements. Over the last decade, ambient measurements of refractory black carbon (rBC) mass concentrations based on laser-induced incandescence (LII) have become more common, mostly due to the development of the Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2) instrument. In this work, EC and rBC mass concentration measurements from field campaigns across several background European sites (Palaiseau, Bologna, Cabauw and Melpitz) have been collated and examined to identify the similarities and differences between BC mass concentrations measured by the two techniques. All EC concentration measurements in PM2.5 were performed with the EUSAAR-2 thermal–optical protocol. All rBC concentration measurements were performed with SP2 instruments calibrated with the same calibration material as recommended in the literature. The observed values of median rBC-to-EC mass concentration ratios on the single-campaign level were 0.53, 0.65, 0.97, 1.20 and 1.29, respectively, and the geometric standard deviation (GSD) was 1.5 when considering all data points from all five campaigns. This shows that substantial systematic bias between these two quantities occurred during some campaigns, which also contributes to the large overall GSD. Despite considerable variability in BC properties and sources across the whole dataset, it was not possible to clearly assign reasons for discrepancies to one or the other method, both known to have their own specific limitations and uncertainties. However, differences in the particle size range covered by these two methods were identified as one likely reason for discrepancies. Overall, the observed correlation between rBC and EC mass reveals a linear relationship with a constant ratio, thus providing clear evidence that both methods essentially quantify the same property of atmospheric aerosols, whereas systematic differences in measured absolute values by up to a factor of 2 can occur. This finding for the level of agreement between two current state-of-the-art techniques has important implications for studies based on BC mass concentration measurements, for example for the interpretation of uncertainties in inferred BC mass absorption coefficient values, which are required for modeling the radiative forcing of BC. Homogeneity between BC mass determination techniques is also very important for moving towards a routine BC mass measurement for air quality regulations.

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Regional Suess Effect in the Upper Silesia Urban Area

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200007852 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 28 (2A) ◽

pp. 655-660 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Romuald Awsiuk ◽

Mieczysław F Pazdur

Keyword(s):

Urban Area ◽

Wind Direction ◽

Upper Silesia ◽

Industrial Region ◽

Suess Effect ◽

Vertical Stability ◽

Clean Air ◽

Concentration Measurements

The study of a regional Suess effect is based on three sets of samples of atmospheric CO2: 1) a series of samples collected at the same site in Gliwice from 1980 to 1984, 2) samples collected simultaneously at different sites within the limits of an urban and industrial region of Upper Silesia, and 3) samples collected simultaneously outside this region along an eastern direction. Results of 14C concentration measurements show systematic decrease of Δ14C with the rate close to the corresponding value for clean air. Depletion of 14C concentration was found to be virtually the same in the whole urban area. Analysis of regional synoptic data reveals correlation of individual Δ14C values with wind direction, frequency of calm, and vertical stability of the atmosphere.

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