Globin synthesis in heterokaryons formed between chick erythrocytes and human K562 cells or rat L6 myoblasts

1984 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-319
Author(s):  
G. Lanfranchi ◽  
S. Linder ◽  
N.R. Ringertz
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Early Time ◽  
K562 Cells ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Globin Chain ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Erythroleukemia Cells ◽  
Globin Synthesis ◽  
Chain Synthesis ◽  
Globin Chain Synthesis

Chick globin synthesis was studied in heterokaryons formed between chick erythrocytes and human K562 erythroleukemia cells or rat L6J1 myoblasts. It was found that chick globin synthesis was activated after fusion of definitive (17 to 19-day) chick erythrocytes obtained from 17 to 19-day embryos with K562 cells. Chick globins appeared to be of the adult alpha A, alpha D and beta types, whereas no embryonic globin synthesis could be detected. The pattern and time-course of globin synthesis was investigated after fusion of 4 to 5-day embryonic erythrocytes with rat L6J1 myoblasts. The level of globin synthesis was high at early time points but then decreased. Globin synthesis, however, was still detectable at 9 days in these heterokaryons. Chick alpha A, alpha D and epsilon-globin chain synthesis was observed both at early and late time points after fusion.

scholarly journals Asynchronous globin chain synthesis in rabbit reticulocyte lystates induced by hemin-controlled repressor

Blood ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
RS Franco ◽  
JW Hogg ◽  
OJ Martelo
Keyword(s):  
Globin Chain ◽  
Free System ◽  
Globin Chains ◽  
Reticulocyte Lysate ◽  
Chain Imbalance ◽  
Globin Synthesis ◽  
Chain Synthesis ◽  
Globin Chain Synthesis

Abstract To define further the role of hemin-controlled repressor (HCR) in globin synthesis, we studied its effect on the synthesis of individual globin chains in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate cell-free system. In the presence of HCR there was a marked globin chain imbalance, resulting in a lowered alpha/beta ratio. These findings in vitro may have relevance to certain clinical heme deficiency states in which a similar globin chain imbalance has been observed.

scholarly journals Disturbed haem and globin synthesis in reticulocytes of prenatal flexed-tailed (f/f) anaemic mice

1974 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Cole ◽  
J. Garlick ◽  
R. G. Tarbutt
Keyword(s):  
Normal Cell ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Globin Chain ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Globin Synthesis ◽  
Chain Synthesis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Globin Chain Synthesis

SUMMARYHaem synthetase activity and co-ordination of α- and β-globin chain synthesis have been investigated in prenatal reticulocytes of congenic FL/4Re +/+Lvb/Lvband FL/1 Ref/f Lvb/Lvb, mice, which have a marked hypochromic, microcytic, siderocytic anaemia, with reduced erythrocyte numbers at birth, and also in other stocks bearing theflesion. Haem synthetase activity inf/freticulocyte homogenates was similar to that in normal cells but was markedly dependent on protoporphyrin added to the homogenate, while activity in normal cell homogenates was relatively independent of added precursor. In cultured normal prenatal reticulocytes α- and β-globin was synthesized in approximately equal amounts during a 4 h labelling period, but inf/freticulocytes there was an approximate 50% deficiency in β-globin chain synthesis. This deficiency could be repaired by added haem but not by protoporphyrin. Such a lesion is quantitatively consistent with the observed hypochromia of neonatalf/ferythrocytes. The relationship of this abnormality to effects of theflocus on early erythropoietic precursor cells is discussed.

scholarly journals Variable globin chain synthesis in mouse erythroleukemia cells

Blood ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1047-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
BP Alter ◽  
SC Goff
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Globin Chain ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Free System ◽  
Chemical Inducers ◽  
Cytoplasmic Rna ◽  
Erythroleukemia Cells ◽  
Globin Synthesis ◽  
Chain Synthesis ◽  
Mouse Erythroleukemia

Abstract Various mouse erythroleukemia cell lines show unique responses to chemical inducers. Lines 745 and 707, from DBA/2 mice, produced 25%-- 48% beta-minor and 78%--52% beta-major globin following culture with DMSO. Butyric acid treatment led to approximately 40% beta-minor globin, while induction with hemin resulted in over 80% beta-minor synthesis. Line FSD was developed independently. DMSO induction led to less than 10% beta-minor globin, while hemin and butyric acid both resulted in approximately 40% beta-minor synthesis. T3C12 and 5000 originated in DDD mice. With these lines all inducers led to only beta- major and no beta-minor synthesis. The inducers did not influence protein stability or initiation of globin synthesis. Translation of poly A-containing cytoplasmic RNA in a wheat germ cell-free system led to proportions of beta-minor that were the same as those seen in the intact cells. Thus regulation of the type of globin chain produced in erythroleukemia cells following culture with several inducing agents occurs at either the level of gene transcription or posttranslational processing, or by growth of a selected cell population.

scholarly journals Genome-wide kinetics of DNA excision repair in relation to chromatin state and mutagenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (15) ◽  
pp. E2124-E2133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheera Adar ◽  
Jinchuan Hu ◽  
Jason D. Lieb ◽  
Aziz Sancar
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Chromatin State ◽  
Open Chromatin ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Normal Human Skin ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Dna Excision Repair ◽  
Genome Wide

We recently developed a high-resolution genome-wide assay for mapping DNA excision repair named eXcision Repair-sequencing (XR-seq) and have now used XR-seq to determine which regions of the genome are subject to repair very soon after UV exposure and which regions are repaired later. Over a time course, we measured repair of the UV-induced damage of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) (at 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 h) and (6-4)pyrimidine-pyrimidone photoproducts [(6-4)PPs] (at 5 and 20 min and 1, 2, and 4 h) in normal human skin fibroblasts. Each type of damage has distinct repair kinetics. The (6-4)PPs are detected as early as 5 min after UV treatment, with the bulk of repair completed by 4 h. Repair of CPDs, which we previously showed is intimately coupled to transcription, is slower and in certain regions persists even 2 d after UV irradiation. We compared our results to the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements data regarding histone modifications, chromatin state, and transcription. For both damage types, and for both transcription-coupled and general excision repair, the earliest repair occurred preferentially in active and open chromatin states. Conversely, repair in regions classified as “heterochromatic” and “repressed” was relatively low at early time points, with repair persisting into the late time points. Damage that remains during DNA replication increases the risk for mutagenesis. Indeed, late-repaired regions are associated with a higher level of cancer-linked mutations. In summary, we show that XR-seq is a powerful approach for studying relationships among chromatin state, DNA repair, genome stability, mutagenesis, and carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Variable globin chain synthesis in mouse erythroleukemia cells

Blood ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1047-1057
Author(s):  
BP Alter ◽  
SC Goff
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Globin Chain ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Free System ◽  
Chemical Inducers ◽  
Cytoplasmic Rna ◽  
Erythroleukemia Cells ◽  
Globin Synthesis ◽  
Chain Synthesis ◽  
Mouse Erythroleukemia

Various mouse erythroleukemia cell lines show unique responses to chemical inducers. Lines 745 and 707, from DBA/2 mice, produced 25%-- 48% beta-minor and 78%--52% beta-major globin following culture with DMSO. Butyric acid treatment led to approximately 40% beta-minor globin, while induction with hemin resulted in over 80% beta-minor synthesis. Line FSD was developed independently. DMSO induction led to less than 10% beta-minor globin, while hemin and butyric acid both resulted in approximately 40% beta-minor synthesis. T3C12 and 5000 originated in DDD mice. With these lines all inducers led to only beta- major and no beta-minor synthesis. The inducers did not influence protein stability or initiation of globin synthesis. Translation of poly A-containing cytoplasmic RNA in a wheat germ cell-free system led to proportions of beta-minor that were the same as those seen in the intact cells. Thus regulation of the type of globin chain produced in erythroleukemia cells following culture with several inducing agents occurs at either the level of gene transcription or posttranslational processing, or by growth of a selected cell population.

scholarly journals Asynchronous globin chain synthesis in rabbit reticulocyte lystates induced by hemin-controlled repressor

Blood ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-658
Author(s):  
RS Franco ◽  
JW Hogg ◽  
OJ Martelo
Keyword(s):  
Globin Chain ◽  
Free System ◽  
Globin Chains ◽  
Reticulocyte Lysate ◽  
Chain Imbalance ◽  
Globin Synthesis ◽  
Chain Synthesis ◽  
Globin Chain Synthesis

To define further the role of hemin-controlled repressor (HCR) in globin synthesis, we studied its effect on the synthesis of individual globin chains in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate cell-free system. In the presence of HCR there was a marked globin chain imbalance, resulting in a lowered alpha/beta ratio. These findings in vitro may have relevance to certain clinical heme deficiency states in which a similar globin chain imbalance has been observed.

Globin Chain Synthesis in Haemoglobin New York (β 113 Valine→Glutamic acid

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Todd ◽  
Vivian Chan ◽  
Rose G. Schneider ◽  
Andree M. Dozy ◽  
Y. W. Kan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Globin Chain ◽  
Chain Synthesis ◽  
Globin Chain Synthesis

F-actin serves as a template for cytokeratin organization in cell free extracts

2002 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 1373-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari L. Weber ◽  
William M. Bement
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Dynamic Imaging ◽  
Actin Network ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Egg Extracts ◽  
Actin Cables

The microtubule, F-actin, and intermediate filament systems are often studied as isolated systems, yet the three display mutual interdependence in living cells. To overcome limitations inherent in analysis of polymer-polymer interactions in intact cells, associations between these systems were assessed in Xenopus egg extracts. In both fixed and unfixed extract preparations, cytokeratin associated with F-actin cables that spontaneously assembled in the extracts. Time-course experiments revealed that at early time points cytokeratin cables were invariably associated with F-actin cables,while at later time points they could be found without associated F-actin. In extract samples where F-actin assembly was prevented, cytokeratin formed unorganized aggregates rather than cables. Dynamic imaging revealed transport of cytokeratin by moving F-actin as well as examples of cytokeratin release from F-actin. Experimental alteration of F-actin network organization by addition of α-actinin resulted in a corresponding change in the organization of the cytokeratin network. Finally, pharmacological disruption of the F-actin network in intact, activated eggs disrupted the normal pattern of cytokeratin assembly. These results provide direct evidence for an association between F-actin and cytokeratin in vitro and in vivo, and indicate that this interaction is necessary for proper cytokeratin assembly after transition into the first mitotic interphase of Xenopus.

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