scholarly journals Lotman's semiosphere, Peirce's categories, and cultural forms of life

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-415
Author(s):  
Floyd Merrell

This paper brings Lotman's semiotic space to bear on Pierce's categories of the universe's processes. Particular manifestations of cultural semiotic space within the semiosphere are qualified as inconsistent and/or incomplete, depending upon the cultural context. Inconsistency and incompleteness are of the nature of vagueness and generality respectively, that are themselves qualified in terms of overdetermination and underdetermination, the first being of the nature of the category of Firstness and the second of the nature of Thirdness. The role of Secondness is unfolded by acts of distinguishing the possibilities of Firstness into this and that, here and there, there and then, and all the distinctions that follow. Secondness, then, with respect to cultural semiotic space, gives ride to hegemony, to dominance and subservience, superordination and subordination. Commensurate with this interpretation of Secondness, the realms of overdetermination and underdetermination are labeled homogeny and heterogeny respectively. These theoretical assumptions will then be used as a modeling device providing an interpretation for various key aspects of Latin American cultures.

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-39
Author(s):  
Itzel Moreno Vite ◽  
María del Pilar Fernández-Viader

[full article is in Spanish]EnglishIn this article we study the legal instruments and educational policies that affect the education and rights of Deaf people in the European and international framework. We argue that the European educational policies for disability are an important guide and can be used as model for Latin American educational policies. We point out that the differences in the socio-economic and cultural context, as well as inadequacies in the interpretation of European policies, reveal more than two decades of delay regarding the education of Deaf people in most of the Latin American countries. Therefore, from a social cohesion perspective, we reflect on the importance of educational and cultural policies for Deaf people in Europe and the role of Spain as bridge between both, in order to achieve a sense of belonging to a collective and cultural group, defending linguistic, social and civil equality rights.SpanishEn este artículo estudiamos los instrumentos legales y las políticas educativas que afectan a la educación y a los derechos de los Sordos en el marco Europeo e internacional. Describimos que las políticas educativas europeas para la discapacidad, marcan una guía importante y pueden servir de modelo para las políticas educativas latinoamericanas. Señalamos que la diferencia de contexto socioeconómico y cultural, así como inadecuaciones en la interpretación de las políticas europeas, evidencian más de dos décadas de retraso en la educación de los Sordos, en la mayoría de los países latinos. Por ello, bajo el marco de la cohesión social, refl exionamos la importancia de las políticas educativas y culturales de las personas Sordas en Europa y el rol de España como puente entre ambos continentes, a fines de lograr un sentido de pertenencia a un colectivo y grupo cultural, con defensa de los derechos lingüísticos, sociales y de igualdad ciudadana.FrenchDans cet article, nous étudions les instruments légaux et les politiques éducatives qui produisent des eff ets négatifs sur l’éducation et les droits des sourds dans le cadre européen et international. Nous expliquons que les politiques éducatives européennes pour les handicapés constituent un guide important qui peut servir de modèle pour les politiques éducatives latino-américaines. Nous signalons que la diff érence de contexte socio-économique et culturel ainsi que les inadéquations dans l’interprétation des politiques européennes mett ent en évidence plus de deux décennies de retard dans l’éducation des sourds dans la plupart des pays latino-américains. C’est ainsi que dans une perspective de cohésion sociale, nous ouvrons une réfl exion sur l’importance des politiques éducatives et culturelles des personnes sourdes en Europe et sur le rôle de l’Espagne en tant que pont entre les deux continents dans le but de favoriser un sentiment d’appartenance à un collectif et à un groupe culturel pour la défense des droits linguistiques, sociaux et d’égalité citoyenne.


2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Giovanni E. Reyes ◽  
Mark Govers ◽  
Dirk Ruwaard

Abstract This article discusses a comprehensive conceptual mathematical model to specify main theoretical concepts and their relationships, regarding social inclusion and social leverage. The particular elements of the model are related to: (i) key aspects of theoretical principles; (ii) major links among principal aspects; and (iii) interrelations regarding social and economic issues within any particular society. One of the principal aims of this research is going beyond the strictly economic elements, to complement a more holistic perspective with social aspects and public policy. This study is part of a broader research project that studies social investment in Latin America, particularly focused in the health sector. More specifically, this study will identify relationships between variables and indicators of social inclusion and social leverage, as basis for carrying out empirical studies on investments that Latin American countries make in health services. The model presented here allows the identification of elements of differentiated public policy, the role of public services aimed to assist especially the most vulnerable social sectors and the support of such services in relation to a country's competitiveness, social well-being and sustainable basis of human development.


2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mark Cummings ◽  
Joel Wilson ◽  
Haya Shamir

Understanding of the universality of relations between marital discord and children is limited by gaps in cross-cultural study. In an extension of study of this question to a Latin American culture, the impact of marital discord was examined in 7–9 and 11–13-year-olds from Chilean ( N = 36) and US ( N = 36) families. Parents completed marital discord and child adjustment measures and children responded to analogue presentations of marital discord. For both groups, marital discord was related to children’s adjustment and children’s reactions to marital discord varied significantly as a function of conflict resolution. At the same time, culture moderated the amplitude of some relations, with the pattern of findings suggesting that Chilean children were more sensitive to marital discord than US children. Discussion considers the role of cultural context as a factor in the effects of marital discord on children.


1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Анжеліка Шамне

У статті розглянуто сучасні підходи до інтерпретації категорії розвитку, розкрито теоретичні  та методологічні підходи до вивчення категорії розвитку у сучасній психології, визначено її психологічний  зміст,   моделі,   структуру   та   динаміку.   Категорія   розвитку   розглядається   як   епіцентр   наукової  проблематики у психології та як поняття інтегративного типу. Розвиток проаналізовано як категорію,  явище і проблему психології розвитку в різних аспектах аналізу. Розглянуто місце розвитку в системі  споріднених психологічних понять. У статті також аналізуються психологічні аспекти теоретичних та  методологічних  постнекласичних  тенденцій  вивчення  природи,  характеру  та  визначення  психічного  розвитку. Постнекласична парадигма та плюралістична методологія пізнання визначають розмитість  дисциплінарної мови  та  врахування  ролі  соціокультурного  контексту  при  вивченні  психологічних явищ.  Важливими тенденціями сучасного теоретико-методологічного стану психологічних досліджень розвитку  також є визнання неефективності моністичного підходу до його вивчення, взаємозв'язок теоретичних ідей  та   спроби   створення   метатеоретичних   схем,   постнекласичне   розуміння   розвитку   як   принципово  незавершеного   процесу   саморуху,   актуалізація   антропологічного   діапазону   проблем   та   посилення  спрямованості на роль культурного контексту в дослідженні розвитку людини.  The article deals with the modern approaches to the interpretation of the category of development, reveals  the theoretical and methodological approaches to study of development in modern psychology, its psychological  content, patterns, structure and dynamics. Category of development is viewed as an epicenter of scientific issues in  modern  psychology  and  the  concept  of  the  integrative  type.  Category  of  development  is  considered  as  the  phenomenon  and  the  problem  of  developmental  psychology  in  various  aspects  of  the  analysis.  Analyzed  the  development site in the related psychological concepts. The article analyzes the psychological aspects of theoretical  and methodological postnonclassical contemporary trends in the study of nature, character, and determination of  mental  development.  Postnonclassical  paradigm  and  pluralistic  methodology  of  knowledge  determine  the  disciplinary blurring and increase of the role of the analysis of socio-cultural context in the study of psychological  phenomenon. The important tendencies of modern theoretical and methodological state of psychological researches  of development are facts of inefficiency of the monistic approach to its study, interconnection of theoretical ideas  and   attempts   of  creating   metatheoretical   schemes,   postnonclassical   understanding   of   development   as   a  fundamentally  uncompleted  process  of  self-motion,  actualization  of  anthropological  range  of  problems  and  strengthening of focus on the role of cultural context in research of human development.   


2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Veronis

Issues of immigrant political incorporation and transnational politics have drawn increased interest among migration scholars. This paper contributes to debates in this field by examining the role of networks, partnerships and collaborations of immigrant community organizations as mechanisms for immigrant political participation both locally and transnationally. These issues are addressed through an ethnographic study of the Hispanic Development Council, an umbrella advocacy organization representing settlement agencies serving Latin American immigrants in Toronto, Canada. Analysis of HDC’s three sets of networks (at the community, city and transnational levels) from a geographic and relational approach demonstrates the potentials and limits of nonprofit sector partnerships as mechanisms and concrete spaces for immigrant mobilization, empowerment, and social action in a context of neoliberal governance. It is argued that a combination of partnerships with a range of both state and non-state actors and at multiple scales can be significant in enabling nonprofit organizations to advance the interests of immigrant, minority and disadvantaged communities.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pricila Mullachery ◽  
Daniel A. Rodriguez ◽  
J. Jaime Miranda ◽  
Nancy Lopez-Olmedo ◽  
Kevin Martinez-Folgar ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Per Faxneld

Chapter9 analyses individuals who, both on and off the stage, actively assumed the role of the demon woman. Three persons are considered in detail: Sarah Bernhardt, the Italian marchioness Luisa Casati, and silent film actress Theda Bara. They chose—or, in Bara’s case, were chosen—to embody the (more or less supernatural or occult) femme fatale, as constructed mostly by male authors and artists. Seemingly, they felt this was empowering or useful for commercial, subversive, or other purposes. The analysis attempts to tease out some of the implications this enactment of a disquieting stereotype had on an individual level as well as in a broader cultural context. This also applies to the unknown women who wore jewellery depicting devils, demons, or Eve—a rebellious token clearly drawing on motifs familiar from Satanic feminism.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document