THE ROTARY DRUM MIXER OPERATION PROCESS MODEL AND THEORETICAL JUSTIFICATION OF ITS PARAMETERS

A multi-state approach to defining basic notions of the system safety analysis is proposed. A system safety function and a system risk function are defined. A basic safety structure of a multi-state series system of components with degrading safety states is defined. For this system the multi-state safety function is determined. The proposed approach is applied to the evaluation of a safety function, a risk function and other safety characteristics of a ship system composed of a number of subsystems having an essential influence on the ship safety. Further, a semi-markov process for the considered system operation modelling is applied. The paper also offers a general approach to the solution of a practically important problem of linking the multi-state system safety model and its operation process model. Finally, the proposed general approach is applied to the preliminary evaluation of a safety function, a risk function and other safety characteristics of a ship system with varying in time its structure and safety characteristics of the subsystems it is composed of.

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An Optimization Method for Operation Adjustment of High-Speed Delayed Trains

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society ◽

10.1155/2019/9846970 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiaojuan Li ◽

Yueying Huo ◽

Zhenying Yan ◽

Baoming Han

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Process Model ◽

Computation Time ◽

Approximate Model ◽

Time Data ◽

Average Delay ◽

Actual Case ◽

Operation Process ◽

Train Operation ◽

Adjustment Strategies

Train delays have a great impact on the schedule of high-speed railways including overall efficiency and the quality of the travel service of the passengers. Therefore, the development of an approach to recover a schedule via timely and rapid operation adjustments must be investigated. In this paper, a complete final real-time adjustment scheme is proposed for the train dispatcher of a railway enterprise for delayed trains. A train operation process model based on the Max-Plus algebra method is proposed. Six operation adjustment strategies are analyzed including section acceleration, operation based on the original timetable, dwell time reduction, increase in overtaking, reduction in overtaking, and train postponement. An approximate model is then built based on the minimum number of delayed trains considering the constraints of the adjustment strategies and the feasible adjusted schemes can be quickly obtained without any record specific time data and constraints. The set of feasible solutions of the approximate model is then regarded as the importation of the second model. In addition, the second model is an optimization model for operation adjustment with the least average delay time of each train at each station by updating the state matrixes of the train operation process model. The algorithms are designed for these models, and this approach can reduce the computation time. Finally, the timetable of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is considered as the actual case for analysis. Thus, the method was proven feasible for operation adjustment of delayed trains.

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Influence of Mixing Time on Fresh and Hardened Cast-in-place Concrete

Journal of Engineering Research and Reports ◽

10.9734/jerr/2019/v6i216941 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

José A. Domínguez ◽

Luis F. Jiménez ◽

Jade Álvarez-Muñoz

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Mixing Time ◽

Trapped Air ◽

Drum Mixer ◽

Rotary Drum ◽

Concrete Casting ◽

Strength And Durability ◽

Hardened Cast ◽

Apparent Influence ◽

High Absorption

An adequate mixing time in concrete casting allows to achieve a homogeneous mass and improve compressive strength and durability. However, the lack of standards for cast-in-place concrete causes that the builders use different mixing times according to the locality usages and customs, which results in a high variability of the expected quality. In this paper, fresh and hardened cast-in-place concrete was evaluated. Seven samples were tested with different mixing time using portable rotary drum mixer. The used materials were ordinary portland cement, water and high absorption aggregates, fine and coarse, coming from a limestone crushing process. The results of the research showed that the mixing time and environmental temperature had no apparent influence on the slump of the mixtures, and trapped air and compressive strength increased slightly with increasing mixing time. Finally, it was found that the recommended mixing time, with rotation speed of 28 RPM, is 2.5 minutes, which differs from the common practice in the study area.

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MODEL OF THE QUALITY-POWER INDICATOR OF A ROTARY DRUM MIXER

Niva Povolzhya ◽

10.36461/np.2020.56.3.002 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 107-113

Author(s):

А.В. Чупшев ◽

В.В. Коновалов ◽

К.П. Фудин

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Initial Data ◽

Statistical Model ◽

Quality Indicators ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Calculated Data ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Operating Parameters ◽

Drum Mixer ◽

Rotary Drum

На основании экспериментальных исследований в статье изложены вопросы повышения качественных показателей работы барабанного смесителя кормов, представлено описание его конструкции и принцип работы. Исследования проводились в соответствии с действующей методикой и материалами, представленными в статье. По результатам аппроксимации исходно рассчитанных значений качественно-мощностного показателя получена статистическая модель данного качественно-мощностного показателя (0,01 %∙кВт). Осуществлен анализ величины ошибок расчетных данных на предмет соответствия исходным данным. После обработки полученных экспериментальных данных приведено описание графических зависимостей по влиянию конструктивных параметров рабочего органа барабанного смесителя на качественно-мощностной показатель. Увеличение высоты установки лопастей нежелательно свыше 0,16 м, а увеличение количества лопастей свыше восемь штук приводит к резкому ухудшению количественно-мощностного показателя. Даны соответствующие выводы по применению исследуемых конструктивных и режимных параметров при работе барабанного смесителя. Based on experimental studies, the article presents the issues of improving the quality indicators of the drum feed mixer, describes its design and operating principle. The research was conducted in accordance with the current methodology and materials presented in the article. Based on the results of approximation of the initially calculated values of the quality-power indicator, a statistical model of this quality-power indicator (0.01% kW) is obtained. The value of errors in the calculated data is analyzed for correspondence with the initial data. After processing the obtained experimental data, the description of dependence diagrams on the influence of the design parameters of the working body of the drum mixer on the quality and power indicator is shown. An increase in the height of the installation of blades is undesirable over 0.16 m, and an increase in the number of blades over eight leads to a rapid deterioration in the quantity-power indicator. The relevant conclusions on the application of the studied design and operating parameters in the working of the drum mixer are presented.

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Method for initial assessment of unit costs of public city transport means operation

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201818201010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 182 ◽

pp. 01010 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bogdan Landowski ◽

łukasz Muślewski ◽

Michał Pająk ◽

Oleh Polishchuk

Keyword(s):

Transport System ◽

Process Model ◽

Initial Assessment ◽

Technical Object ◽

Operation System ◽

Registration Method ◽

City Bus ◽

Unit Costs ◽

Operation Process ◽

Bus Transport

The study deals with the problems connected with modeling and simulation of technical objects operation processes carried out within a certain class of complex technical systems. The analyzed system is a city bus transport system. The study presents a method for assessment of unit costs involved in a technical object’s being in selected operational states. One of the subsets of data to be used for modeling the process of a technical object operational state changes, includes data concerning the costs borne by the system when the object is in the analyzed operational states. In order to determine this data, it is often necessary to modify the system of costs registration used in a given operation system. Since it is a very expensive and log process, a method of initial assessment of indispensable data has been proposed, on the basis of a costs registration method and simulation of the operation process. The study also includes basic assumptions of the operation process model, being an important element of the developed method. The assumptions of the operation model have been formulated on the basis of identification of a real operation system of city bus transport system and experimental tests carried out in system.

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Method of Building a Model of Operational Changes for the Marine Combustion Engine Describing the Impact of the Damages of This Engine on the Characteristics of Its Operation Process

Polish Maritime Research ◽

10.1515/pomr-2017-0137 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 67-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Bogdan Landowski ◽

Michał Pająk ◽

Bogdan Żółtowski ◽

Łukasz Muślewski

Keyword(s):

Process Model ◽

Combustion Engine ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Security Issues ◽

Operation Process ◽

Port Facilities ◽

Wide Range ◽

Markov Decision ◽

Internal And External Factors ◽

The Impact

AbstractThis article deals with the modeling of the processes of operating both marine main and auxiliary engines. The paper presents a model of changes in operating conditions of ship’s internal combustion engine. The semi-Markov decision process was used to mathematically describe the process model of the engine. The developed model describes the effect of engine damage on the characteristics of its operation. A change in the input parameters of the model can simulate the influence of internal and external factors on the course of the analyzed process. A simplified calculation example is also presented for illustration purposes. The presented method together with developed algorithms and IT tools can be used to solve a wide range of problems related to the operation of marine main engines and other marine equipment as well as maritime and port facilities. This concerns primarily the economic, risk management and operational security issues of complex technical systems, as well as the readiness and reliability analysis of technical facilities.

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Electromagnetic Interference Issue in Safety Systems Applied at Airports

Journal of Konbin ◽

10.2478/jok-2019-0015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 299-312

Author(s):

Mirosław Siergiejczyk ◽

Adam Rosiński ◽

Jacek Paś

Keyword(s):

Power Systems ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Electromagnetic Interference ◽

Process Model ◽

Critical Infrastructure ◽

Electronic Devices ◽

Low Frequencies ◽

Operation Process ◽

Safety Systems ◽

The Impact

Abstract The proper operation of electronic devices used in transport facilities is possible by protecting them against the effect of adverse electromagnetic fields. At present, all kinds of facilities, including critical infrastructure facilities, intended for functioning in peace conditions and emergency states, are equipped with power systems and numerous electronic devices, including electronic safety systems. On the basis of observing the process of their operation, it can be concluded that an artificially generated intended or unintended electromagnetic field, within various frequency ranges, may negatively affect the operation of electronic devices. It was found that the operation of the electronic safety systems applied at airports may be subject to interference as a result of the impact of adverse electromagnetic fields. Therefore, it is necessary to analyse the impact of electromagnetic interference on the operation of these systems. This article presents a developed author’s operation process model including electromagnetic interference within low frequencies. The reliability and operation analysis of the electronic safety systems carried out by the authors allows for numerical assessment of various types of solutions – both technical and organisational ones. As a result, they can be implemented, in order to minimise the impact of electromagnetic interference on the system functioning. This is a new approach to this issue, as there are currently designed and installed security systems at airports, but there is no analysis of the impact of electromagnetic interference on their functioning. In further research concerning this issue, the authors plan to further develop reliability-operational models, which will differentiate between the states of partial fitness. It will allow for more accurate mapping of the operation of the electronic safety systems which are applicable at airports.

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Process \'prǎ|,ses\n: The Action of Moving Forward Progressively from One Point to Another on the Way to Completion

Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders ◽

10.1044/jshd.4401.03 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 3-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Carol A. Pruning

Keyword(s):

Process Model ◽

Communicative Behaviors ◽

Adult Level ◽

Remedial Programs ◽

Stage Process ◽

The Way

A rationale for the application of a stage process model for the language-disordered child is presented. The major behaviors of the communicative system (pragmatic-semantic-syntactic-phonological) are summarized and organized in stages from pre-linguistic to the adult level. The article provides clinicians with guidelines, based on complexity, for the content and sequencing of communicative behaviors to be used in planning remedial programs.

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