Analysis of the Driving Forces of Influence Factors on China’s Steel Output

AbstractSurface deformation has become an important factor affecting urban development. Lanzhou is an important location in the Belt and Road Initiative, an international development policy implemented by the Chinese government. Because of rapid urbanization in Lanzhou, surface deformation occurs easily. However, the spatial-temporal characteristics of surface deformation and the interaction of driving forces behind surface deformation in Lanzhou are unclear. This paper uses small baseline subset InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) technology to obtain the spatial-temporal characteristics of surface deformation in Lanzhou based on 32 Sentinel-1A data from March 2015 to January 2017. We further employ a geographical detector (geo-detector) to analyze the driving forces (single-factor effects and multifactor interactions) of surface deformation. The results show that the central urban area of Lanzhou was stable, while there was surface deformation around Nanhuan road, Dongfanghong Square, Jiuzhou, Country Garden, Dachaiping, Yujiaping, Lanzhou North Freight Yard, and Liuquan Town. The maximum deformation rate was −26.50 mm year−1, and the maximum rate of increase was 9.80 mm year−1. The influence factors of surface deformation in Lanzhou was a complex superposition relationship among various influencing factors, not a result of the single factor. The interaction between the built-up area and land cover types was the most important factor behind surface deformation in Lanzhou. This paper provides the reference data and scientific foundation for disaster prevention in Lanzhou.

Download Full-text

Opportunities and Challenges for Construction Health and Safety Technologies under the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chinese Construction Projects

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182413038 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (24) ◽

pp. 13038

Author(s):

Yang Yang ◽

Albert P. C. Chan ◽

Ming Shan ◽

Ran Gao ◽

Fengyu Bao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Construction Projects ◽

Influence Factor ◽

Driving Forces ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Information Modeling ◽

Cost Overrun ◽

Construction Sector ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

The Government

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in significant delays and cost overrun in construction projects. The implementation of health and safety (H&S) technologies is one of the most important strategies to alleviate the adverse impacts of COVID-19 on the construction industry and help the industry adapt to the new normal. This study aims to evaluate the adoption of H&S technologies for pandemic management in the construction sector under the COVID-19 pandemic. Semi-structured interviews with eighteen practitioners engaged from construction companies and technology firms were conducted to collect their views on the driving forces and issues of the adoption of H&S technologies for pandemic management in Chinese construction projects. The results reveal that the major H&S technologies used included the health quick response (QR) code system, artificial intelligence (AI)-powered fever monitoring, and site access control system. These technologies were reported to be effective in preventing the spread of the pandemic in workplaces. The findings of the study amplify that the pandemic may serve as an acceleration of the adoption of H&S technologies in the construction sector. Other technologies, such as building information modeling, drones, AI-based safety monitoring, and robotics, however, were seldom used in the studied projects. The interviewees addressed several problems regarding the implementation of these technologies. High costs of technologies, a lack of client support, and disruptions to the normal work process were the main hurdles of the adoption of these technologies. The results indicated that the external influence factor—the COVID-19 pandemic—could considerably drive the use of H&S technologies, whereas the internal influence factors—cost and compatibility of technology—might be the major barriers to technology adoption. To encourage the wider use of H&S technologies in construction, the government is recommended to support the technology transformation by granting financial subsidies for costs involved in innovation adoption. Project owners may consider investing substantially in H&S technologies that can strengthen their resilient and innovative ability to adapt to the post-COVID-19 landscape. The present results will be useful to industry stakeholders and researchers interested in developing H&S technologies for combating the COVID-19 pandemic and future crises.

Download Full-text

Multiple Factors Path-STIRPAT Analysis Model of Beijing CO2 Emission

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.389.166 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 389 ◽

pp. 166-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lei Sun ◽

Ya Deng ◽

He Xin ◽

Tong Xing ◽

Zhong Fu Tan

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emissions ◽

Driving Forces ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Analysis Model ◽

Stirpat Model ◽

Cultural Center ◽

Urbanization Level ◽

Total Influence ◽

Political Economic ◽

Technology Level

As the political, economic and cultural center of China, Beijing is facing worse CO2 emission influences than other cities. Therefore, digging out the influence factors of CO2 emission is valuable for maintaining Beijings sustainable development. This paper discusses the driving forces influencing Beijings CO2 emissions based on Path-STIRPAT model-a method combining Path analysis and STIRPAT (stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence and technology) model. The analysis shows that GDP per capita (A), industrial structures (IS), population (P), urbanization level (R) and technology level (T) are the main factors influencing Beijings CO2 emissions. The sequence of the size of factors direct influence on Beijings CO2 emissions isA>IS>R>T>P, while that of factors total influence isA>R>P>IS>T.

Download Full-text

Comparisons of students’ perceptions on BIM practice among Australia, China and UK

Engineering Construction & Architectural Management ◽

10.1108/ecam-07-2018-0275 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 1899-1923 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ruoyu Jin ◽

Patrick Xiaowei Zou ◽

Bo Li ◽

Poorang Piroozfar ◽

Noel Painting

Keyword(s):

Driving Forces ◽

3D Visualization ◽

Influence Factors ◽

The Body ◽

Global Perspective ◽

Content Type ◽

The Future ◽

Assessment Approach ◽

The Government ◽

Future Work

Purpose University students are the future driving forces in and leaders of the architectural, engineering and construction (AEC) industry advancement. Although BIM pedagogical studies have been performed in different institutions, there has not been sufficient research providing a global perspective of BIM education and students’ perceptions toward BIM practice and application following their learning progress. The purpose of this paper is to adopt student samples from Swinburne University of Technology (SUT, Australia), Wenzhou University (WZU, China) and University of Brighton (UK) as three case studies to investigate the BIM practice and application-related perceptions and motivations. Design/methodology/approach Based on the thorough understanding of the BIM pedagogical delivery including teaching contents and assessment methods among the three institutions, a questionnaire survey approach was adopted to collect AEC students’ perceptions of BIM. Within each selected case, statistical analysis was conducted to investigate both the overall sample and subgroup differences regarding students’ opinions on BIM’s functions (e.g. as a 3D visualization tool) and BIM usefulness in various industry professions, their motivation in BIM-related jobs and their perceptions of challenges encountered in BIM practice and application. Multiple factors influencing BIM learners’ perceptions were discussed, such as pedagogical assessment approach, and individual factors (e.g. disciplines). Findings The results showed that students were able to discern the latest industry practices and critical thinking in BIM movements. For example, SUT students perceived more challenges from the government legislation or incentive policies, which was consistent with Australia’s BIM policy movement. WZU students tended to have less positive views on BIM usefulness. The results also indicated fewer differences regarding perceived challenges among students from these three institutions. Originality/value This study contributed to the body of knowledge in managerial BIM by focusing on learners’ perceptions from the perspective of students’ understanding, motivation and individual views of BIM, which were insightful to both BIM educators and employers. By initiating the framework of BIM learning process and its influence factors, the current study serves as a point of reference to continue the future work in strengthening the connection between institutional BIM education and industry practical needs worldwide.

Download Full-text

CLASSIFICATION OF INFLUENCE FACTORS ON THE FORMATION OF TERRITORIAL SYSTEM MONODEVELOPMENT

GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM ◽

10.17721/2308-135x.2020.56.38-45 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 38-45

Author(s):

Nataliia Smochko

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Study ◽

Driving Forces ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Theoretical Research ◽

Scientific Methods ◽

Functional Aspects ◽

General Scientific ◽

The Impact ◽

Territorial Systems

The purpose of this work is a theoretical study of a factor group influencing the formation of mono-development in socio-geographical systems, in particular the classification of factors according to the following criteria: degree of influence, nature of influence, level of influence and the impact of globalization on all groups. Methods. The study used general scientific methods, including analysis, scientific synthesis, analytical method, methods of comparison and generalization. The scientific novelty is that the article identifies different groups of factors of monodevelopment in territorial systems, which should be understood as a set of reasons for the formation of its unique properties, connections, relationships and driving forces of functioning, transformation in modern geospace. It has been revealed that objective factors of territorial system monodevelopment act as system-forming factors and directly influence the level of viability and viability of monosystem and its subsystems, determine differences of preconditions of monodevelopment of territorial system. It is manifested in territorial-component and territorial-functional aspects on the socio-economic, natural resource and demographic potentials of the territorial system. Practical meaning. The results of this study are the basis for scientific and theoretical research of the territorial system of monodevelopment, the methodological basis for revealing the features of formation, functioning and transformation (improvement, stimulation and regulation) of spatial structures in modern geospatial.

Download Full-text

The Comparative Study of China's Low Carbon Pilot Provinces CO2 Emission Characteristics and Influence Factors

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.1948 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 734-737 ◽

pp. 1948-1955

Author(s):

Hong Wu Zhang ◽

Su Yuan Zhang ◽

Lin Yun Shi

Keyword(s):

High Efficiency ◽

Driving Forces ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Strength Reduction ◽

Emission Characteristics ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Low Emission ◽

High Emission ◽

Low Efficiency ◽

The Comparative Study

The development of China 's low carbon economic needs to be based around characteristics of various regions and take some targeted measures, so we need to understand the characteristics of the CO2 emissions and the driving force of the influence factors. In this paper, the author based on the calculated basic data to analyze on China's low carbon pilot provincess CO2 emission characteristics and use Kaya model to decompose the factors influencing the size and driving forces. The results show that Tianjins type is high emission and high efficiency, Guangdongs type is low emission and high efficiency, Liaonings type is high emission and low efficiency, Chongqings type is moderate emission and moderate efficiency, Hubeis type is moderate emission and low efficiency, Shanxi and Yunnans type are low emission and low efficiency. The revelation we get from the result is the CO2 strength reduction in various provinces has great potential, accordingly, we put forward different countermeasures for different regions.

Download Full-text

Solute redistribution during in-situ irradiation of alloys in the high voltage electron microscope

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100108994 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 370-371

Author(s):

P. R. Okamoto ◽

N.Q. Lam ◽

R. L. Lyles

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

High Voltage ◽

Driving Forces ◽

Solute Diffusion ◽

Solute Redistribution ◽

Voltage Electron ◽

High Voltage Electron Microscope ◽

High Voltage Electron ◽

Thin Foils ◽

Solute Atoms

During irradiation of thin foils in a high voltage electron microscope (HVEM) defect gradients will be set up between the foil surfaces and interior. In alloys defect gradients provide additional driving forces for solute diffusion since any preferential binding and/or exchange between solute atoms and mobile defects will couple a net flux of solute atoms to the defect fluxes. Thus, during irradiation large nonequilibrium compositional gradients can be produced near the foil surfaces in initially homogeneous alloys. A system of coupled reaction-rate and diffusion equations describing the build up of mobile defects and solute redistribution in thin foils and in a semi-infinite medium under charged-particle irradiation has been formulated. Spatially uniform and nonuniform damage production rates have been used to model solute segregation under electron and ion irradiation conditions.An example calculation showing the time evolution of the solute concentration in a 2000 Å thick foil during electron irradiation is shown in Fig. 1.

Download Full-text

Chronic Pain: Fundamental Scientific Considerations, Specifically for Legal Claims

Guides Newsletter ◽

10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2013.janfeb01 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 1-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert J. Barth

Keyword(s):

Health Outcomes ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Driving Forces ◽

Psychological Treatment ◽

Dominant Role ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

General Medicine ◽

Pain Syndrome ◽

Problematic Relationship

Abstract Scientific findings have indicated that psychological and social factors are the driving forces behind most chronic benign pain presentations, especially in a claim context, and are relevant to at least three of the AMA Guides publications: AMA Guides to Evaluation of Disease and Injury Causation, AMA Guides to Work Ability and Return to Work, and AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment. The author reviews and summarizes studies that have identified the dominant role of financial, psychological, and other non–general medicine factors in patients who report low back pain. For example, one meta-analysis found that compensation results in an increase in pain perception and a reduction in the ability to benefit from medical and psychological treatment. Other studies have found a correlation between the level of compensation and health outcomes (greater compensation is associated with worse outcomes), and legal systems that discourage compensation for pain produce better health outcomes. One study found that, among persons with carpal tunnel syndrome, claimants had worse outcomes than nonclaimants despite receiving more treatment; another examined the problematic relationship between complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and compensation and found that cases of CRPS are dominated by legal claims, a disparity that highlights the dominant role of compensation. Workers’ compensation claimants are almost never evaluated for personality disorders or mental illness. The article concludes with recommendations that evaluators can consider in individual cases.

Download Full-text