scholarly journals Determination of Bolt Forces and Normal Contact Pressure Between Elements in the System with Many Bolts for its Assembly Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Grzejda
Keyword(s):  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Normal Contact Pressure

Conditions for Sticking Friction between Aluminium Alloy AA6060 and Tool Steel in Hot Forming

2011 ◽  
Vol 491 ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Widerøe ◽  
T. Welo
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Contrast Material ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Bulk Forming ◽  
Instantaneous Temperature ◽  
Normal Contact Pressure ◽  
Rotational Method

The frictional conditions between an aluminium AA6060 alloy and tool steel in hot bulk forming have been investigated. The compressive-rotational method for frictional measurements, presented herein, represents an innovative approach for defining the thermo-mechanical conditions required for sticking friction at the interface between the two metals. Aluminium disks with inserted contrast material were subjected to a variety of pressures and rotated at one end at temperatures ranging from 250 °C to 500 °C. Visual inspection of the surfaces in combination with sectioning of the deformed disks formed a method for studying how different factors affect a stick-slip criterion in metal forming. It was found that the normal contact pressure required for sticking to occur was strongly dependent on the instantaneous temperature. When comparing the normal contact pressureqwith the characteristic shear strengthkof the aluminium alloy,q/k> 0.6 yielded sticking friction for temperatures above 300 °C, while a ratio of 0.7 was required for the lower temperatures.

Physics-Based Flexible Tire Model Integrated With LuGre Tire Friction for Transient Braking and Cornering Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Yamashita ◽  
Paramsothy Jayakumar ◽  
Hiroyuki Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Distributed Parameter ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Contact Patch ◽  
Normal Contact Pressure ◽  
Tire Friction

In transient vehicle maneuvers, structural tire deformation due to the large load transfer causes abrupt change in normal contact pressure and slip distribution over the contact patch, and it has a dominant effect on characterizing the transient braking and cornering forces including the history-dependent friction-induced hysteresis effect. To account for the dynamic coupling of structural tire deformations and the transient tire friction behavior, a physics-based flexible tire model is developed using the laminated composite shell element based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation and the distributed parameter LuGre tire friction model. In particular, a numerical procedure to integrate the distributed parameter LuGre tire friction model into the finite-element based spatial flexible tire model is proposed. To this end, the spatially discretized form of the LuGre tire friction model is derived and integrated into the finite-element tire model such that change in the normal contact pressure and slip distributions over the contact patch predicted by the deformable tire model enters into the spatially discretized LuGre tire friction model to predict the transient shear contact stress distribution. By doing so, the structural tire deformation and the LuGre tire friction force model are dynamically coupled in the final form of the equations, and these equations are integrated simultaneously forward in time at every time step. The tire model developed is experimentally validated and several numerical examples for hard braking and cornering simulation are presented to demonstrate capabilities of the physics-based flexible tire model developed in this study.

Application of Gap Element Method to Wheel/Rail Contact Problem Based on V-5

2013 ◽  
Vol 344 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Jun Jie Zhong ◽  
Bing Wu ◽  
Ze Feng Wen ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Xue Song Jin
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Vector Form ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Large Rotation ◽  
Gap Element ◽  
Normal Contact Pressure ◽  
Rolling Wheel ◽  
Element Method

The vector form intrinsic finite element (V-5) method and the gap element method are combined to solve the static wheel/rail contact in two-dimensions in this paper to obtain the wheel/rail normal contact pressure, which would be compared with the normal contact pressure of ABAQUS and Hertz theory. The results showed that the contact pressure distribution of V-5 was consistent with ABAQUS and Hertzs, and the mechanical behavior of contact area was reasonable under the circumstance of different axle loads. Besides, it also verified the feasibility of adopting gap elements method to solve the static wheel/rail contact on the basis of vector form finite element method, which with the superiority of large rotation and large deformation, and laid the foundation of rolling wheel-rail contact behavior analysis.

Contact Analysis for Joint Interfaces of Machine Tools Based on a 3-D Anisotropic Asperity Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Tao Liu ◽  
Wan Hua Zhao ◽  
Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Contact Stiffness ◽  
Contact Analysis ◽  
Joint Interface ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Exponential Relationship ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Normal Deformation ◽  
Normal Contact Pressure

In this paper, a 3-D contact model for anisotropic rough surfaces based on 3-D statistically measurements is established and finite element contact analysis is conducted. The average height of the asperity (h), the average summit distances between two neighboring peaks of asperities (Sx and Sy) are selected as the characterized parameters of the rough surface. Finite element simulation results show that the normal contact pressure has an exponential relation with the normal deformation and an exact linear relationship between the normal deformation and the real contact pressure of the surfaces is obtained. At last, the normal contact stiffness of the joint interface is obtained empirically with the exponential relationship assumption.

scholarly journals Impact of Nonlinearity of The Contact Layer Between Elements Joined in a Multi-Bolted System on Its Preload

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-930
Author(s):  
R. Grzejda
Keyword(s):  
Physical Model ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Contact Layer ◽  
Bolted Joints ◽  
Assembly Process ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Winkler Model ◽  
Normal Contact Pressure

Abstract The paper deals with modelling and calculations of asymmetrical multi-bolted joints at the assembly stage. The physical model of the joint is based on a system composed of four subsystems, which are: a couple of joined elements, a contact layer between the elements, and a set of bolts. The contact layer is assumed as the Winkler model, which can be treated as a nonlinear or linear model. In contrast, the set of bolts are modelled using simplified beam models, known as spider bolt models. The theorem according to which nonlinearity of the contact layer has a negligible impact on the final preload of the joint in the case of its sequential tightening has been verified. Results of sample calculations for the selected multi-bolted system, in the form of diagrams of preloads in the bolts as well as normal contact pressure between the joined elements during the assembly process and at its end, are presented.

Cartilage Deformation Measured by MRI Image Segmentation Validates MRI-Based Modeling Results

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Fischer ◽  
Alexander J. Waller ◽  
Mehmet Bilgen ◽  
E. Bruce Toby ◽  
Manuela Kunz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Joint Mechanics ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Healthy Cartilage ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Normal Contact Pressure ◽  
The Relationship

The onset of arthritis is clearly associated with abnormal joint kinematics and contact pressures [1]. Yet our understanding of in vivo joint mechanics is still limited. In order to elucidate the relationship between joint mechanics and arthritis we must increase our knowledge of normal contact pressure distributions that help maintain healthy cartilage and abnormal contact pressure distributions that lead to arthritis. MRI-based modeling is a non-invasive means of determining joint mechanics in vivo, by combining information from MRI scans of joints with and without active functional loading.

scholarly journals Numerical study of the effect of roller profile and ring skew on roller raceways contact pressure in cylindrical roller bearing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Klebanov ◽  
V.R. Petrov ◽  
I.E. Adeyanov
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Roller Bearing ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Normal Contact Pressure ◽  
Cylindrical Roller Bearing ◽  
Cylindrical Roller

Occurring during operation inhomogeneity of the contact pressure distribution between the rollers and the bearing rings due to skew affects the durability and dynamics of the bearing parts. The article describes a modified method of normal contact pressure determination according to the theory, based on the Bousinessque equation. The efficiency of the method is estimated and results of numerical simulation of normal contact pressure distribution in the contact of the roller with the raceway of the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing for different roller profiles, loads, and skew angles are presented. It is shown that the logarithmic profile creates the lowest pressure concentration at the ends of the roller.

Experimental Results and Analysis of Aircraft Tire-Test Drum Interaction

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lindsley ◽  
J. Medzorian ◽  
J. Padovan
Keyword(s):  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Contact Length ◽  
Landing Gear ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Test Surface ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Automobile Tire ◽  
Normal Contact Pressure ◽  
Footprint Area

Abstract Although aircraft tires are traditionally tested on external drum dynamometers, the effects of the curvature of the test surface on the normal contact pressure distribution and footprint area of an aircraft tire have not previously been addressed. Using the tire force machine (TFM) at the Wright Laboratory Landing Gear Development Facility (LGDF), trends in tire footprint area and normal contact pressure distributions were investigated for concave, flat, and convex surfaces. This evaluation was performed using the F-16 radial (25.5×8.0 14PR) main landing gear tire at rated load (16,200 lbf) and inflation pressure (310 psi). The trends for overall tire footprint behavior indicate that the more convex the surface, the smaller the contact area and the larger the normal contact pressure. Conversely, the more concave the surface, the larger the contact area and the smaller the normal contact pressures. All data were made symmetric about the longitudinal and lateral centerlines. This process and its effect on the data are discussed at length in the analysis sections. Additionally, it was found that after normalizing the normal contact pressure data with respect to contact length and maximum pressure for the individual tire ribs, the normal contact pressure longitudinal distributions were “identical” (within ±5%) regardless of surface curvature. Comparisons are made with numerical experiments on a treadless, homogeneous polyurethane automobile tire.

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