scholarly journals Infected Dendritic Cells Facilitate Systemic Dissemination and Transplacental Passage of the Obligate Intracellular Parasite Neospora caninum in Mice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e32123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Collantes-Fernandez ◽  
Romanico B. G. Arrighi ◽  
Gema Álvarez-García ◽  
Jessica M. Weidner ◽  
Javier Regidor-Cerrillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Intracellular Parasite ◽  
Transplacental Passage ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Parasite ◽  
Systemic Dissemination

scholarly journals Influence of host reproductive state onSphaerothecum destruensprevalence and infection level

Parasitology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. ANDREOU ◽  
M. HUSSEY ◽  
S. W. GRIFFITHS ◽  
R. E. GOZLAN
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Intracellular Parasite ◽  
Reproductive State ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Parasite

SUMMARYSphaerothecum destruensis an obligate intracellular parasite with the potential to cause high mortalities and spawning inhibition in the endangered cyprinidLeucaspius delineatus. We investigated the influence ofL. delineatus’s reproductive state on the prevalence and infection level ofS. destruens. A novel real time quantitative polymerarse chain reaction (qPCR) was developed to determineS. destruens’ prevalence and infection level. These parameters were quantified and compared in reproductive and non-reproductiveL. delineatus. The detection limit of theS. destruensspecific qPCR was determined to be 1 pg of purifiedS. destruensgenomic DNA. Following cohabitation in the lab, reproductiveL. delineatushad a significantly higherS. destruensprevalence (P<0·05) and infection levels (P<0·01) compared to non-reproductiveL. delineatus. S. destruensprevalence was 19% (n=40) in non-reproductiveL. delineatusand 41% (n=32) in reproductiveL. delineatus. However, there was no difference inS. destruensprevalence in reproductive and non-reproductive fish under field conditions. Mean infection levels were 18 and 99 pgS. destruensDNA per 250 ngL. delineatusDNA for non-reproductive and reproductiveL. delineatusrespectively. The present work indicates thatS. destruensinfection inL. delineatuscan be influenced by the latter's reproductive state and provides further support for the potential adverse impact ofS. destruenson the conservation ofL. delineatuspopulations.

scholarly journals Enteric infection with an obligate intracellular parasite, Encephalitozoon cuniculi, in an experimental model.

1991 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 2225-2231 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Wicher ◽  
R E Baughn ◽  
C Fuentealba ◽  
J A Shadduck ◽  
F Abbruscato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Enteric Infection ◽  
Intracellular Parasite ◽  
Encephalitozoon Cuniculi ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Parasite

scholarly journals A selector of transcription initiation in the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii.

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Soldati ◽  
J C Boothroyd
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Intracellular Parasite ◽  
Transcription Start ◽  
Transcription Start Sites ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Parasite ◽  
Sag1 Gene

The recent development of an efficient transfection system for the apicomplexan Toxoplasma gondii allows a comprehensive dissection of the elements involved in gene transcription in this obligate intracellular parasite. We demonstrate here that for the SAG1 gene, a stretch of six repeated sequences in the region 35 to 190 bp upstream of the first of two transcription start sites is essential for efficient and accurate transcription initiation. This repeat element shows characteristics of a selector in determining the position of the transcription start sites.

Chlamydia isopodii sp. n., an Obligate Intracellular Parasite of Porcellio scaber

Pathobiology ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Shay ◽  
Annemarie Bettica ◽  
G.M. Vernon ◽  
E.R. Witkus
Keyword(s):  
Intracellular Parasite ◽  
Porcellio Scaber ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Parasite

Acanthamoeba from human nasal mucosa infected with an obligate intracellular parasite

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Michel ◽  
Bärbel Hauröder-Philippczyk ◽  
Karl-Dieter Müller ◽  
Iris Weishaar
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Intracellular Parasite ◽  
Human Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Parasite

The occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii on raw leafy vegetables in Gaza - Palestine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuhair Dardona ◽  
Samia BOUSSAA ◽  
Adnan Al-Hindi ◽  
Ali aboumezzough ◽  
Mohamed Hafidi
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Intracellular Parasite ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Parasite ◽  
Flotation Technique ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
The Relationship

Toxoplasma gondii  a ubiquitous obligate intracellular parasite that can infect all warm-blooded animals, is one of the main pathogens causing foodborne diseases worldwide. In Gaza – Palestine, the leafy vegetables are frequently eaten raw.  The present study was carried out to investigate the occurrence of T. gondii oocyst in local leafy vegetables. For this purpose, fifty samples of each kind of six different leafy plants sold in markets, supermarkets, and retail sellers were randomly collected during the period from March to August 2019. , the three hundred samples were collected from six different species of leafy vegetables. The samples were examined microscopy through using a light microscope and after performing the flotation technique of Sheather's solution to easily detect the oocysts, the suspected samples were confirmed by using PCR technique. Upon analyzing the samples and using the PCR method, only 19 out of the 300 samples (6.33 %) were found to be contaminated, whereas by using Sheather's solution method, 35 out of the 300 samples (11.66%) were contaminated. Among the six various plants and according to the PCR method, mint held the highest rate of contamination (10.00 %), followed by both watercress and dill with a similar percentage (8.00%), parsley (6.00%), thyme (4.00%),  and finally, lettuce carrying the lowest rate (2.00%). Even though the sequence among those contaminated plants was found similar in the PCR and the Sheather's solution, the rates were different. With this method, mint stood at (18.00%), watercress (14.00%), dill (13.00%), parsley (10.00%), thyme (10.00%) and lettuce (6.00%). Moreover, the present study has reported that the relationship between the period of collection and T. gondii contamination is statistically significant. Whereby, the highest rate of contamination recorded was in July, followed by June, then August. Based on the findings of the present study, leafy vegetables are quite vulnerable to T. gondii contamination.

Documented Outbreaks of Toxoplasmosis: Transmission of Toxoplasma gondii to Humans

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 630-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES L. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Intracellular Parasite ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Parasite ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
The U.S

Toxoplasmosis, a disease of mammals and birds, is caused by the obligate intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii. Infection by the parasite is common (35–50% of the U.S. population are infected), but the disease, toxoplasmosis, is relatively rare and outbreaks of the disease are seldom seen. Documented outbreaks of toxoplasmosis are discussed to illustrate conditions that lead to outbreaks and how T. gondii is transmitted to humans. Recommendations are made of means to prevent introduction of the parasite into the environment and food supply as well as control mechanisms to prevent infection in humans and animals.

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