scholarly journals Association study of six candidate genes with major depressive disorder in the North-Western population of Pakistan

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0248454
Author(s):  
Naqash Alam ◽  
Sadiq Ali ◽  
Nazia Akbar ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas ◽  
Habib Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Western Population ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
North Western

People around the world are currently affected by Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Despite its many aspects, symptoms, manifestations and impacts, efforts have been made to identify the root causes of the disorder. In particular, genetic studies have concentrated on identifying candidate genes for MDD and exploring associations between these genes and some specific group of individuals. The aim of this research was to find out the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in 6 candidate genes linked to the neurobiology of major depressive disorder in the North-Western population of Pakistan. We performed a case-control analysis, with 400 MDD and 232 controls. A trained psychiatrist or clinical psychologists evaluated the patients. Six polymorphisms were genotyped and tested for allele and genotype association with MDD. There were no statistical variations between MDD patients and healthy controls for genotypic and allelic distribution of all the polymorphisms observed. Thus, our analysis does not support the major role of these polymorphisms in contributing to MDD susceptibility, although it does not preclude minor impact. The statistically significant correlation between six polymorphisms and major depressive disorder in the studied population was not observed. There are inconsistencies in investigations around the world. Future research, including GWAS and association analysis on larger scale should be addressed for further validation and replication of the present findings.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION STUDY OF SIX CANDIDATE GENES WITH MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER IN THE NORTH-WESTERN POPULATION OF PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazia Akbar ◽  
Naqash Alam ◽  
Sadiq Ali ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas ◽  
Habib Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Western Population ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
North Western

People around the world are currently affected by Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Despite its many aspects, symptoms, manifestations and impacts, efforts have been made to identify the root causes of the disorder. In particular, genetic studies have concentrated on identifying candidate genes for MDD and exploring associations between these genes and some specific group of individuals. The aim of this research was to find out the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in 6 candidate genes linked to the neurobiology of major depressive disorder in the North-Western population of Pakistan. We performed a case-control analysis, with 400 MDD and 232 controls. A trained psychiatrist or clinical psychologists evaluated the patients. Six polymorphisms were genotyped and tested for allele and genotype association with MDD. There were no statistical variations between MDD patients and healthy controls for genotypic and allelic distribution of all the polymorphisms observed. Thus, our analysis does not support the major role of these polymorphisms in contributing to MDD susceptibility, although it does not preclude minor impact. The statistically significant correlation between six polymorphisms and major depressive disorder in the studied population was not observed. There are inconsistencies in investigations around the world. Future research, including GWAS and association analysis on larger scale should be addressed for further validation and replication of the present findings.

Resequencing three candidate genes discovers seven potentially deleterious variants susceptibility to major depressive disorder and suicide attempts in Chinese

Gene ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 603 ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shitao Rao ◽  
Cherry She Ting Leung ◽  
Macro Hb Lam ◽  
Yun Kwok Wing ◽  
Mary Miu Yee Waye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Major Depressive

scholarly journals Drug Response-Related DNA Methylation Changes in Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Zhou ◽  
Miao Li ◽  
Xueying Wang ◽  
Yuwen He ◽  
Yan Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Depressive

Pharmacotherapy is the most common treatment for schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). Pharmacogenetic studies have achieved results with limited clinical utility. DNA methylation (DNAm), an epigenetic modification, has been proposed to be involved in both the pathology and drug treatment of these disorders. Emerging data indicates that DNAm could be used as a predictor of drug response for psychiatric disorders. In this study, we performed a systematic review to evaluate the reproducibility of published changes of drug response-related DNAm in SCZ, BD and MDD. A total of 37 publications were included. Since the studies involved patients of different treatment stages, we partitioned them into three groups based on their primary focuses: (1) medication-induced DNAm changes (n = 8); (2) the relationship between DNAm and clinical improvement (n = 24); and (3) comparison of DNAm status across different medications (n = 14). We found that only BDNF was consistent with the DNAm changes detected in four independent studies for MDD. It was positively correlated with clinical improvement in MDD. To develop better predictive DNAm factors for drug response, we also discussed future research strategies, including experimental, analytical procedures and statistical criteria. Our review shows promising possibilities for using BDNF DNAm as a predictor of antidepressant treatment response for MDD, while more pharmacoepigenetic studies are needed for treatments of various diseases. Future research should take advantage of a system-wide analysis with a strict and standard analytical procedure.

The association of oxytocin with major depressive disorder: role of confounding effects of antidepressants

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyi Xie ◽  
Yan Hu ◽  
Li Fang ◽  
Shijia Chen ◽  
Benson O.A. Botchway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Psychiatric Syndrome

Abstract Major depressive disorder is a genetic susceptible disease, and a psychiatric syndrome with a high rate of incidence and recurrence. Because of its complexity concerning etiology and pathogenesis, the cure rate of first-line antidepressants is low. In recent years, accumulative evidences revealed that oxytocin act as a physiological or pathological participant in a variety of complex neuropsychological activities, including major depressive disorder. Six electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, CNKI, and Wanfang) were employed for researching relevant publications. At last, 226 articles were extracted. The current review addresses the correlation of the oxytocin system and major depressive disorder. Besides, we summarize the mechanisms by which the oxytocin system exerts potential antidepressant effects, including regulating neuronal activity, influencing neuroplasticity and regeneration, altering neurotransmitter release, down regulating hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, and genetic effects. Increasing evidence shows that oxytocin and its receptor gene may play a potential role in major depressive disorder. Future research should focus on the predictive ability of the oxytocin system as a biomarker, as well as its role in targeted prevention and early intervention of major depressive disorder.

scholarly journals High-Coverage Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies Candidate Genes for Suicide in Victims with Major Depressive Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dóra Tombácz ◽  
Zoltán Maróti ◽  
Tibor Kalmár ◽  
Zsolt Csabai ◽  
Zsolt Balázs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Whole Exome Sequencing ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Whole Exome

scholarly journals Higher dose weekly fluoxetine in hemodialysis patients: A case series report

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Kelley M Kauffman ◽  
Jacqueline Dolata ◽  
Maria Figueroa ◽  
Douglas Gunzler ◽  
Anne Huml ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Case Series Report

Objective The antidepressant medication fluoxetine at 90 mg dosed weekly is as effective and safe as standard formulation fluoxetine 20 mg dosed daily in patients with major depressive disorder. Weekly fluoxetine has not been well studied in hemodialysis patients, and doses beyond 90 mg/week have not been described in this population. This case series, derived from a larger study on depression in hemodialysis patients, describes the use of weekly fluoxetine at dosages beyond 90 mg/week. Method Hemodialysis patients with depressive symptom severity scored ≥10 on the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and major depressive disorder confirmed with Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview were initially prescribed daily fluoxetine for two weeks and then transitioned to weekly fluoxetine. Dosage titration was made at the discretion of the prescribing clinician. Fluoxetine was continued for a total of 12 weeks. Results Four women, aged 24 to 65 years, on hemodialysis for 1 to 18 years, were started on weekly fluoxetine that was increased over several weeks up to 180 mg. Side effects included restlessness, dry mouth, sedation, and lightheadedness. Two patients ultimately had their weekly fluoxetine decreased back to 90 mg. However, all four continued weekly fluoxetine as part of poststudy aftercare and no longer met diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder, current episode. Conclusions Weekly fluoxetine at doses of 180 mg may be a reasonable treatment consideration for hemodialysis patients who have partial or insufficient antidepressant response. Side effects may limit tolerance of the 180 mg dose in some individuals. Future research should investigate longer term health outcomes of weekly fluoxetine in this population.

scholarly journals The genetic interacting landscape of 63 candidate genes in Major Depressive Disorder: an explorative study

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Lekman ◽  
Ola Hössjer ◽  
Peter Andrews ◽  
Henrik Källberg ◽  
Daniel Uvehag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Explorative Study

scholarly journals Having versus not having social interactions in patients diagnosed with depression or social phobia and controls

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249765
Author(s):  
Jeanette Villanueva ◽  
Andrea H. Meyer ◽  
Thorsten Mikoteit ◽  
Jürgen Hoyer ◽  
Christian Imboden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Sampling Methodology

Humans need meaningful social interactions, but little is known about the consequences of not having them. We examined meaningful social interactions and the lack thereof in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) or social phobia (SP) and compared them to a control group (CG). Using event-sampling methodology, we sampled participants’ everyday social behavior 6 times per day for 1 week in participants’ natural environment. We investigated the quality and the proportion of meaningful social interactions (when they had meaningful social interactions) and degree of wishing for and avoidance of meaningful social interactions (when they did not have meaningful social interactions). Groups differed on the quality and avoidance of meaningful social interactions: Participants with MDD and SP reported perceiving their meaningful social interactions as lower quality (in terms of subjective meaningfulness) than the CG, with SP patients reporting even lower quality than the MDD patients. Further, both MDD and SP patients reported avoiding meaningful social interactions significantly more often than the CG. Although the proportion of meaningful social interactions was similar in all groups, the subjective quality of meaningful social interactions was perceived to be lower in MDD and SP patients. Future research might further identify what variables influenced the reinforcement of the MDD and SP patients so that they engaged in the same number of meaningful social interactions even though the quality of their meaningful social interactions was lower. Increasing awareness of what happens when patients do or do not have meaningful social interactions will help elucidate a potentially exacerbating or maintaining factor of the disorders.

The Burden of Mental Disorders

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-32
Author(s):  
William W. Eaton ◽  
O. Joseph Bienvenu ◽  
Gerald Nestadt ◽  
Heather E. Volk ◽  
James C. Anthony
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
The World ◽  
Disease Study

This chapter describes seventeen important mental disorders and reviews studies of the prevalence of the disorders from around the world, presenting median and interquartile ranges for more than four hundred research studies. The range of prevalences is below 0.5% for eating disorders and schizophrenia, and above 5% for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, major depressive disorder, phobias, personality disorders, and dementia. The chapter discusses methods for judging the disability adjusted life years (DALYs) for the disorders and compares estimates to other diseases considered in the Global Burden of Disease study. Mental and substance use disorders account for more than 160 million of the total DALYs in the world, or about 7% of the total. Major depressive disorder is the leading causes of DALYs among the mental and substance use disorders.

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