scholarly journals Health of migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in detention in Tripoli, Libya, 2018-2019: Retrospective analysis of routine medical programme data

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252460
Author(s):  
Anna Kuehne ◽  
Elburg van Boetzelaer ◽  
Prince Alfani ◽  
Adolphe Fotso ◽  
Hitham Elhammali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers

Libya is a major transit and destination country for international migration. UN agencies estimates 571,464 migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in Libya in 2021; among these, 3,934 people are held in detention. We aimed to describe morbidities and water, hygiene, and sanitation (WHS) conditions in detention in Tripoli, Libya. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data collected between July 2018 and December 2019, as part of routine monitoring within an Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) project providing healthcare and WHS support for migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in some of the official detention centres (DC) in Tripoli. MSF had access to 1,630 detainees in eight different DCs on average per month. Only one DC was accessible to MSF every single month. The size of wall openings permitting cell ventilation failed to meet minimum standards in all DCs. Minimum standards for floor space, availability of water, toilets and showers were frequently not met. The most frequent diseases were acute respiratory tract infections (26.9%; 6,775/25,135), musculoskeletal diseases (24.1%; 6,058/25,135), skin diseases (14.1%; 3,538/25,135) and heartburn and reflux (10.0%; 2,502/25,135). Additionally, MSF recorded 190 cases of violence-induced wounds and 55 cases of sexual and gender-based violence. During an exhaustive nutrition screening in one DC, linear regression showed a reduction in mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) of 2.5mm per month in detention (95%-CI 1.3–3.7, p<0.001). Detention of men, women and children continues to take place in Tripoli. Living conditions failed to meet minimum requirements. Health problems diagnosed at MSF consultations reflect the living conditions and consist largely of diseases related to overcrowding, lack of water and ventilation, and poor diet. Furthermore, every month that people stay in detention increases their risk of malnutrition. The documented living conditions and health problems call for an end of detention and better protection of migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in Libya.

scholarly journals Oral health problems facing refugees in Europe: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiad Zinah ◽  
Heba M. Al-Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers

Abstract Introduction Europe has been experiencing a flow of refugees and asylum seekers driven by conflicts or poverty. Their oral health is often neglected despite its clear impact on quality of life. Objective To explore the status of oral health among refugees and asylum seekers groups by examining the available literature and to determine which evidence exists regarding the problems they face in terms of oral health. Methods The current paper followed PRISMA guidelines. A scoping review methodology was followed to retrieve 2911 records from five databases and grey literature. Twelve articles met the following inclusion criteria: experimental research concentrated on the oral and dental health of refugees and/or asylum seekers between 1995 and 2020 in English. Analysis was both descriptive and thematic, whilst a critical appraisal was applied using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). Results Seven studies (58,3%) were quantitative, while five studies (41,6%) were qualitative. In general, the quality of most of the studies (83.3%) was good. Limited access to oral health care services was shown with a higher prevalence of oral diseases compared to the native populations of the host countries. Approaches to improve oral health have been implemented in some studies and have shown positive outcomes. Conclusions Oral health care strategies should consider the oral health problems facing refugees in Europe, and oral health promotion campaigns are essential to give adequate guidance on how to access oral health care in the host countries.

scholarly journals The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on refugees and asylum seekers in Greece: A retrospective analysis of national surveillance data from 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 100958
Author(s):  
Elias Kondilis ◽  
Dimitris Papamichail ◽  
Sophie McCann ◽  
Elspeth Carruthers ◽  
Apostolos Veizis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers ◽  
The Impact

Treatment of mental health problems in refugees and asylum seekers

2018 ◽  
pp. 289-304
Author(s):  
Giulia Cossu ◽  
Antonio Preti ◽  
Mauro Giovanni Carta
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Network Support ◽  
War Zones ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers

Refugees from war zones and asylum seekers are exposed to a wide range of traumas, including persecution, humiliation, gender-based violence, human rights violations, and significant family losses. This results in a statistically higher risk of trauma-related mental disorders. However, refugees and asylum seekers are a heterogeneous population, as far as their gender, age, ethnic, cultural, educational and socio-economic background are concerned. There is no certainty that the Western-centred therapies will be effective in the treatment of the trauma-related mental disorders of refugees and asylum seekers. This chapter summarizes the currently available evidence on the mental health of refugees from war zones and asylum seekers, focusing in particular on the results of randomized controlled trials of psychosocial and other non-conventional interventions applied to refugees and asylum seekers. Culturally sensitive approaches, which activate same-cultural community network support, are more likely to contribute to the effectiveness of the care process.

The Nexus of Asylum Seeker Migrations and Asylum Policy: Longitudinal Analysis of Migration Trends in Norway

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Valenta
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Asylum Seeker ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Asylum Policy ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
Migration Control

There has been much focus on the increased influx of asylum seekers in Norway and in Europe in general. This article investigates links between the influx of asylum seekers and developments in asylum policies in Norway. In focus are the immigration trends of the four largest groups of asylum seekers in Norway in the period 2006–2012. It is assumed that developments in the arrival of asylum seekers are to a large extent influenced by the ways in which the four groups were treated by migration authorities in Norway. This analysis is based on policy survey and available statistics. The longitudinal analysis indicates that changes in rejection, approval and deportation rates correspond to a large extent with subsequent fluctuations in annual arrivals of asylum seekers. It is also maintained that the restrictions in social rights result in deteriorating living conditions, but as a tool of migration control such restrictions do not work in accordance with the intention. The findings are of clear relevance for on-going discussions on asylum seeker mobility and discussions on minimum standards for reception of asylum seekers.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM INDUSTRY WORKERS IN MALAYSIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zubir Yusof ◽  
Nik Ahmad Kamal Nik Mahmod ◽  
Nor Azlina A. Rahman ◽  
Ailin Razali ◽  
Niza Samsuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Occupational Health Services ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Small And Medium Industry

Occupational diseases are one of the major health problems related to workplace hazards. However, the epidemiological data for this problem is scarce especially among Small and Medium Industry (SMI) workers. These workers are vulnerable to occupational health problem due to lack of knowledge and implementation of health and safety in the workplace. In Malaysia, most of the SMI workers have limited coverage for basic occupational health services which may worsen their health. Thus, this article aims to provide a review on the burden of occupational health problems among them. The electronic and library searches were used to extract the information from both published and unpublished articles that were not limited to any year of publication until 2017. One hundred and ninety-six published articles and 198 unpublished articles were retrieved from the database. Only 19 published articles and 25 unpublished articles met the eligibility criteria. Prevalence data of occupational diseases/poisoning, including overall and body specific (musculoskeletal disorders) was extracted in raw data from the eligible studies. Prevalent statistics on occupational musculoskeletal diseases (1.3% - 97.6%), noise-induced hearing loss (29.4% - 73.3%), occupational skin diseases (10.5% - 84.3%), respiratory (1.9% - 92.2%) and occupational poisoning (14.9% - 17.7%) among the working population is different within published papers compared to unpublished ones. In Malaysia, there are no specific statistic that give a true picture of the burden of occupational diseases in the SMI. However, this review concludes that musculoskeletal diseases are significant occupational problems among SMI workers.

Migration and human rights: The law as a reinforcer of gendered borders

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-287
Author(s):  
Eva Brems ◽  
Lourdes Peroni ◽  
Ellen Desmet
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Domestic Labour ◽  
The Law ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers

Borders follow migrants even inside the territory of their State of destination. These ‘sticky’ figurative borders may flow directly from immigration norms and practice or indirectly from other areas of law. This Special Issue focuses on the gendered nature of these borders, as they rely on/reinforce socially constructed norms of masculinity and femininity. As a result, these figurative borders undermine the equal enjoyment of human rights of migrants, refugees and asylum seekers along gender lines. Specifically, gendered borders are analysed in relation to the themes of asylum, domestic labour and gender-based violence. The human rights of migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in these domains are analysed in an integrated and complex fashion. The analysis demonstrates that migrants, refugees and asylum seekers navigate and challenge not only sticky figurative borders, but also borders between different areas of law. The (non)interaction between these different areas of law may equally create or reinforce unequal human rights protection along gender lines. The law, across different areas and through the workings of diverse categories, definitions and standards, may thus work as a border-reinforcer.

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