scholarly journals Comparison of normal hindlimb lymphatic systems in rats with detours present after lymphatic flow blockage

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260404
Author(s):  
Yuiko Suzuki ◽  
Yukari Nakajima ◽  
Toshio Nakatani ◽  
Mayumi Okuwa ◽  
Junko Sugama
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymphatic Vessel ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Lymphatic Drainage ◽  
Lymphatic Flow ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging System ◽  
Normal Rat ◽  
Flow Blockage

In the present study, we aimed to identify the normal hindlimb lymphatic systems in rats and compare them with the detours after lymphatic flow blockage. The lymphatic systems of the hindlimbs of normal rats were investigated via lymphography using a near-infrared fluorescence imaging system. The lymphatic vessels were stained using Evans Blue. The lymphatic flow was blocked through lymphatic vessel ligation combined with inguinal and popliteal lymph node dissection. Detours that appeared after 30 days were visualized using lymphography and immunostaining with anti-podoplanin antibodies. Three main results were obtained in the present study. First, the deep medial system, the superficial medial system, a connection between the superficial and deep medial lymphatic systems, and the superficial lateral system, were elucidated. Second, three types of detours, namely the detour of the lateral abdomen, the detour to the lymphatic vessel near the midline of the abdomen, and the detour to the contralateral inguinal lymph node, were identified after lymphatic flow blockage. Lastly, detours were located in the fatty layer above the panniculus carnosus muscle and their lumina were wide. The histology suggested that the detour was a pre-collecting lymphatic vessel. Lymphatic routes in the rat hindlimbs after lymphatic flow blockage were different from those of the normal rat lymphatic system. It was suggested that the detour is a pre-collecting lymphatic vessel and that encouraging its development may be a new method of simple lymphatic drainage.

scholarly journals Tissue-like phantoms for near-infrared fluorescence imaging system assessment and the training of surgeons

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 014007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec M. De Grand ◽  
Stephen J. Lomnes ◽  
Deborah S. Lee ◽  
Matthew Pietrzykowski ◽  
Shunsuke Ohnishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Near Infrared Fluorescence ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging System ◽  
Training Of Surgeons ◽  
System Assessment ◽  
Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging

scholarly journals Minimally invasive method for determining the effective lymphatic pumping pressure in rats using near-infrared imaging

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (5) ◽  
pp. R281-R290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler S. Nelson ◽  
Ryan E. Akin ◽  
Michael J. Weiler ◽  
Timothy Kassis ◽  
Jeffrey A. Kornuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Pressure Cuff ◽  
Research Platform

The ability to quantify collecting vessel function in a minimally invasive fashion is crucial to the study of lymphatic physiology and the role of lymphatic pump function in disease progression. Therefore, we developed a highly sensitive, minimally invasive research platform for quantifying the pumping capacity of collecting lymphatic vessels in the rodent tail and forelimb. To achieve this, we have integrated a near-infrared lymphatic imaging system with a feedback-controlled pressure cuff to modulate lymph flow. After occluding lymphatic flow by inflating a pressure cuff on the limb or tail, we gradually deflate the cuff while imaging flow restoration proximal to the cuff. Using prescribed pressure applications and automated image processing of fluorescence intensity levels in the vessels, we were able to noninvasively quantify the effective pumping pressure (Peff, pressure at which flow is restored after occlusion) and vessel emptying rate (rate of fluorescence clearance during flow occlusion) of lymphatics in the rat. To demonstrate the sensitivity of this system to changes in lymphatic function, a nitric oxide (NO) donor cream, glyceryl trinitrate ointment (GTNO), was applied to the tails. GTNO decreased Peff of the vessels by nearly 50% and the average emptying rate by more than 60%. We also demonstrate the suitability of this approach for acquiring measurements on the rat forelimb. Thus, this novel research platform provides the first minimally invasive measurements of Peff and emptying rate in rodents. This experimental platform holds strong potential for future in vivo studies that seek to evaluate changes in lymphatic health and disease.

Intraoperative Sentinel Node Mapping in the Colon: Potential and Pitfalls

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Currie
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Surgical Care ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping ◽  
Lymphatic Drainage ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Lymph Node Mapping

Sentinel lymph node mapping (SLNM) may play a significant role in future delivery of colon cancer surgery because of an increase in early-stage, node-negative disease due to national bowel cancer screening programmes. Traditionally, colon lymphatic drainage has not been thought relevant as the operative approach cannot be tailored. Recent advances in local and endoscopic risk-reducing interventions for colonic malignancy have caused a rethink in approach. SLNM was initially attempted with blue dye techniques with limited success. Technological improvement has allowed surgeons to use near-infrared (NIR) light and NIR active tracers such as indocyanine green. This review provides an overview of the current status of intraoperative lymph node mapping in the colon, identifies challenges to the delivery of the techniques, and discusses potential solutions that may help SLNM play a role in improving the delivery of surgical care for patients with colon cancer.

scholarly journals Nano-engineered VEGF-C ameliorates gut lymphatic drainage, portal pressure and ascites in experimental portal hypertension

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savneet Kaur ◽  
Dinesh M Tripathi ◽  
Pinky Juneja ◽  
Impreet Kaur ◽  
Sumati Rohilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Lymphatic Vessel ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Lymphatic Drainage ◽  
List Type ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Lymphatic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Compensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

AbstractObjectiveGut lymphatic vessels are crucial in maintaining abdominal fluid homeostasis. We studied these vessels in clinical cirrhosis and explored effects of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), a pro-lymphangiogenic factor, in experimental portal hypertension.DesignVascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (vegfr3)-positive lymphatic channels were enumerated in duodenal (D2) biopsies from cirrhotic patients. Vegfr3 antibody-tagged lipid nanocarriers were used to formulate novel nano-engineered (E-VEGF-C) molecule for targeted lymphangiogenesis of gut lymphatic vessels. The uptake of E-VEGF-C was evaluated in lymphatic endothelial cells (LyECs) in vitro and in vivo. The effects of E-VEGF-C were tested in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic animal models of portal hypertension. Animals given nanocarriers alone served as vehicle. Mesenteric lymphatic vessel numbers/proliferation and drainage were analyzed. Abdominal ascites, hepatic and systemic hemodynamics was measured. Liver, duodenum, mesentery and plasma were examined.ResultsIn D2 biopsies, number of dilated vegfr3+ lymphatic vessels was significantly increased in decompensated as compared to compensated cirrhosis and correlated with presence of ascites. E-VEGF-C was efficiently taken up by the mesenteric LyECs. E-VEGF-C treated rats displayed a marked increase in the proliferation of mesenteric lymphatic vessels and drainage as compared to CCl4-vehicle. Ascites and mesenteric inflammation were markedly reduced in E-VEGF-C treated cirrhotic rats. Portal pressures were attenuated in both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic portal hypertensive rats treated with E-VEGF-C as compared to respective vehicle groups.ConclusionE-VEGF-C molecule enhances mesenteric lymphangiogenesis and improves lymphatic vessel drainage, attenuating abdominal ascites and portal pressures. Targeted gut lymphangiogenesis may serve as an emerging therapy for portal hypertension.Significance of the StudyWhat is already known about this subject?Gut lymphatic vessels play crucial roles in maintaining fluid and immune homeostasis in the abdomen.An increased but dysfunctional gut lymphangiogenesis occurs to compensate for lymphatic insufficiency in patients with gut inflammatory diseases.Therapies aimed at enhancing lymphangiogenesis with growth factors such as VEGF-C constitute an effective strategy to improve lymphatic drainage and ameliorate inflammation in certain pathologies.Gut lymphatic vessels remain poorly characterized in patients with cirrhosis.What are the new findings?Dilated vegfr3+ lymphatic vessels are significantly increased in patients with decompensated as compared to compensated cirrhosis and correlated with presence of ascites.A nanoengineered pro-angiogenic molecule, E-VEGF-C with specificity for uptake by the gut lymphatic endothelial cells molecule enhances mesenteric lymphangiogenesis.E-VEGF-C improved lymphatic vessel drainage, attenuating abdominal ascites and portal pressures.How might it impact on clinical practice in the foreseeable future?Gut lymphangiogenesis is proposed as an innovative strategy for the management of ascites and portal hypertension.

scholarly journals Lymphatic Drainage of Thymocytes to the Circulation in the Guinea Pig

Blood ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAHIKO KOTANI ◽  
KANJI SEIKI ◽  
AKIRA YAMASHITA ◽  
ISOO HORII
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Lymphatic Drainage

Abstract 1. An extensive network of lymphatic vessels coming from the thymus of the guinea pig and carrying thymocytes to the general circulation has been demonstrated. 2. Local accumulations or infiltrations of cells at the surface of the lobule or in the interlobular septa have been observed through which thymocytes appear to leave the thymus. 3. Irregular, tortuous canaliculi, resembling a lymph sinus in a lymph node, seem to play an important role in transporting thymocytes from these accumulations to the typical lymphatic vessels. 4. The output of thymocytes via lymphatic vessels to the general circulation is about 12.1 x 106 per day.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document