scholarly journals Quality and yield of yam tubers cultivated with green manure in the Northeastern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-280
Author(s):  
Marlon Da Silva Garrido ◽  
Ana Cristina Fermino Soares ◽  
Rômulo Simões Cezar Menezes ◽  
Everardo Valadares de Sá Barreto Sampaio ◽  
Erik Micael da Silva Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Market Quality ◽  
Green Manures ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sunn Hemp

Yam (Dioscorea cayennensis Lam.) is a promising crop for small growers in the Northeast of Brazil, but productivities are limited due to low fertilization rates. Green manure could be an alternative due to its low cost and high availability. However, there is little information available regarding the effects of green manures on the productivity of yam. The quality and yield of yam tubers, “da costa” variety, were evaluated under application of three different green manures and a control treatment: 1) yam intercropped with sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.); 2) yam intercropped with pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.); 3) yam intercropped with a combination of sunn hemp and pigeon pea; and 4) conventional yam crop system. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design, with four repetitions. The data was submitted to analysis of variance and averages compared by Tukey´s test at 5%. Percentage values were transformed into arc sen (x/100)0.5. Sunn hemp and the combination of sunn hemp with pigeon pea produced the highest green manure biomasses (3.8 and 3.6 t DM ha-1, respectively) versus 2.1 t ha-1 with the use of only pigeon pea. However, the N concentration was higher in pigeon pea than in sunn hemp (26 and 16 g kg-1). Intercropping with pigeon pea led to the highest yield for total tubers (33.1 t ha-1), for market quality (32.2 t ha-1) and standard exportation quality tubers (23.0 t ha-1).

scholarly journals Soil macrofauna in green manures preceding cotton growing

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elen Regina Caceres de Souza ◽  
Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Teodoro ◽  
Thiara de Azevedo Tezolin ◽  
Alfredo Raul Abot ◽  
Francisco Eduardo Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Density ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Green Manures ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Cotton Crop ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

The objective of this work was to evaluate the abundance of the soil macrofauna in four green manure species, before the cotton crop. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four treatments: Mucuna pruriens (gray mucuna), Canavalia ensiformes (pork bean), Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea) and Crotalaria juncea (crotalaria). The macrofauna was captured by means of collections with collections using pitfall traps. The data were processed through the cluster analysis to verify the similarity among green manure species as to the occurrence of soil macrofauna. The orders Orthoptera, Coleoptera L (Larval), Hymenoptera and Coleoptera (adult), respectively, had the highest local relative abundance. There was a significant effect of the cover plants on the taxonomic groups and relative density of the soil macrofauna. Green manures were more determinant in the abundance and relative density of the soil macrofauna than the region climate. Up to 60 days after sowing the cotton crop, there was a beneficial influence of the green manures on the soil macrofauna.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Padi Sawah Organik dengan Berbagai Macam Aplikasi Pupuk Hijau Glirisidia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marti Winarni
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Green Manures ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Treatment Factor

The object of the study was to obtain the types of application of Glirisidia green manures on the growth and yield of organic rice lowland. The experimental pot experiment was carried out in a randomized block design consisting of one factor and three replications. The treatment factor was 10 various application of Glirisidia leaves. The treatments are: 100% fresh Glirisidia leaves + 0% compost; 60% fresh Glirisidia leaves + 40% compost; 40% fresh Glirisidia leaves + 60% compost; 100% wind-dried Glirisidia leaves + 0% compost; 60% of wind-dried Glirisidia leaves + 40% compost; 40% wind-dried Glirisidia leaves + 60% compost; 100% sun-dried Glirisidia leaves + 0% compost; 60% of the sun-dried Glirisidia leaves + 40% of compost; 40% of the sun-dried Glirisidia leaves + 60% compost; and 0% Glirisidia leaves + 100% compost. The results showed that the various application of Glirisidia leaves increased the grain yield 34, 09% compared to the application of 0% Glirisidia leaf + 100% compost. The grain/ hill of yield could be improved by application of 100% fresh Glirisidia leaves + 0% compost (164,47 g grain/hill), 100% of wind-dried Gliricidia leaves (165,55 g grain/ hill) + 0% compost, or 100% sun-dried Gliricidia leaves + 0% compost (169,14 g grain/ hill). Keywords—: organic rice lowland; green manure; various application of Glirisidia leaves. 

scholarly journals Adubação verde com espécies espontâneas da caatinga no cultivo do rabanete em sucessão a rúcula

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Whenia Benevides Ramalho ◽  
Paulo César Ferreira Linhares ◽  
Janilson Pinheiro de Assis ◽  
Alany Moisa Bezerra de Almeida ◽  
Lauvia Moesia Morais Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Green Manures ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Aerial Roots ◽  
Intense Activity ◽  
The Cost

<p>O rabanete é uma planta de ciclo curto e o ambiente exerce grande interferência na qualidade de suas raízes O efeito residual da adubação anterior em cultivos subsequente é de suma importância, uma vez que a fertilização do solo em uma atividade tão intensa, como a olericultura, aumentaria o custo de produção sempre que fosse implantada uma nova cultura. Este trabalho foi conduzido na fazenda experimental Rafael Fernandes, pertencente à Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró-RN, no período de julho a novembro de 2010. Objetivou-se avaliar a adubação verde com espécies espontâneas da caatinga no cultivo do rabanete em sucessão ao cultivo da rúcula. O rabanete assim como a rúcula foi plantado em parcelas de 1,2 x 1,2 m sendo avaliado o efeito residual das espécies espontâneas da caatinga (Jitirana, flor-de-seda e mata-pasto) nas quantidades (0; 6,0; 12,0; 18,0; 24,0 e 30,0 t ha-1). Após a retirada do primeiro cultivo, semearam-se sementes de rabanete nas parcelas referente aos tratamentos acima citados. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com três repetições, no esquema fatorial 6 x 3, sendo seis quantidades de adubos verdes e três tipos de adubos verdes (jitirana; mata-pasto e flor-de-seda). A cultivar de rabanete plantado foi a Crimson Gigante. As características avaliadas do rabanete foram: altura de planta, diâmetro de raiz; número de folhas; produtividade comercial e raízes mais parte aérea. O efeito residual da quantidade 23 t ha-1 de adubo verde promoveu maior incremento na produtividade comercial e de raízes mais parte aérea, cujos valores máximos foram de 1,5 e 2,26 kg m-2 de canteiro, respectivamente.</p><p><strong><em>Green manuring with spontaneous species of the savanna in radish cultivation in succession to</em></strong><strong> </strong><strong><em>rocket</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The radish is a short-cycle plant and the environment has great interference as its roots the residual effect of previous fertilization in subsequent crops is extremely important, since soil fertilization in such an intense activity, such as horticulture, increase the cost of production when a new culture was implanted. This study was conducted at the experimental farm Rafael Fernandes, belonging to the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Arido, Mossoró-RN, in the period from July to November 2010. The objective was to evaluate green manures with spontaneous species of the savanna in radish cultivation succession to the cultivation of arugula. Radish as well as the rocket was planted in plots of 1.2 x 1.2 m being evaluated the residual effect of spontaneous species of caatinga (scarlet starglory, fleur-de-silk and kill pasture) in the quantities (0, 6.0 ; 12.0; 18.0; 24.0 and 30.0 t ha-1). After removal of the first crop, seeded radish seeds in the portions regarding the above mentioned treatments. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications, in a factorial 3 x 6, six amounts of green manures and three types of green manures (scarlet starglory, kill grass and flower-de-silk). The cultivar planted radish was the Crimson Giant. The evaluated Radish characteristics were: plant height, root diameter; number of sheets; business productivity and more aerial roots. The residual effect of the amount 23 t ha-1 of green manure promoted greater increase in business productivity and more aerial roots that maximum values were 1.5 and 2.26 kg m-2 site, respectively.</p>

scholarly journals Organic polyculture of passion fruit, pineapple, corn and cassava: the influence of green manure and distance between espaliers

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastião Elviro de Araújo Neto ◽  
Pedro Arruda Campos ◽  
Leonardo Barreto Tavella ◽  
Antônio Jussier da Silva Solino ◽  
Irene Ferro da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Arachis Pintoi ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sunn Hemp ◽  
Organic Fruit ◽  
Green Manure Crops

The organic fruit crop should incorporate the principles of sustainable agriculture, with a guarantee of productivity coupled with ecological diversity, using techniques of policultive with regional species. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the green manure crops [Canavalia ensiformis (jack beans), Crotalaria spectabilis (sunn hemp), Pueraria phaseoloides (tropical kudzu), Arachis pintoi (peanut forage) and spontaneous plants] and distance between espaliers on the yields of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa (passion fruit), Ananas comosus (pineapple), Zea mays (maize), Manihot esculenta (cassava) and biomass in organic polyculture in the state of Acre, Brazil. The randomized block design experiment comprised plots encompassing the space between the rows of passion fruits (espaliers located 3 m or 4 m apart), and subplots that contained the green manure crops. Green biomass yield by jack beans, sunn hemp and tropical kudzu was greater than that provided by peanut forage and spontaneous plants. The polyculture of passion fruit, pineapple, maize and cassava presented a high overall yield (44462 kg ha-1). The land-use efficiency of the polyculture system was between 2.45 (with sunn hemp) and 2.77 (with tropical kudzu) times greater than that achieved by individual monocultures. The yields of passion fruit (with tropical kudzu as cover crop) and pineapple (with spontaneous plants as green manure) were enhanced by some 72 and 34%, respectively, when cultivated in plots comprising 3 m-spaced espaliers in comparison with plots containing 4 m-spaced espaliers.

scholarly journals Weed suppression by green manure in an agroecological system

Revista CERES ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 546-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Maria Garicoix Recalde ◽  
Leandro Flávio Carneiro ◽  
Daniella Nogueira Moraes Carneiro ◽  
Guilherme Felisberto ◽  
Jaqueline Silva Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Pennisetum Americanum ◽  
Green Manures ◽  
Crotalaria Juncea ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cassava Crop

ABSTRACT Green manure promotes efficient suppression of weeds, but green manure species can exhibit distinct behaviors, depending on the environmental conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of soil mulching and weed suppression by spring/summer green manure species grown in the spring/summer season, at different growth stages and after management (cut), for 90 days during the cassava crop cycle. The study was carried out in the 2010/2011 season, in a system managed under agroecological principles. The treatments consisted of different green manure species and arrangements: Crotalaria juncea, Cajanus cajan, Canavalia brasiliensis, Canavalia ensiformis, Pennisetum americanum, Crotalaria juncea and Pennisetum americanum intercropped; Mucuna aterrima, Sorghum bicolor, a mixture of all the green manures in study and a control plot under fallow. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. The evaluations of the soil cover either by the green manures or weeds were performed at 45, 90 and 105 days after the emergence of the green manures. The cassava crop was planted under reduced tillage system at 11 days after the cut of the green manures. The percentage of soil covered by weeds and the dry matter produced were evaluated at 30, 60 and 90 days after planting. The results showed that the green manures had a suppressive effect on weeds during their life cycle, as well as during the first months after its management (cut), composing the mulch.

scholarly journals Cycle pruning programmed on the grain yield of arabica coffee

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Corona Baitelle ◽  
Abraão Carlos Verdin Filho ◽  
Sílvio de Jesus Freitas ◽  
Guilherme Bessa Miranda ◽  
Henrique Duarte Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
Plagiotropic Branches ◽  
Productive Development

ABSTRACT The cycle pruning programmed is a reinvigoration technique widely employed in Conilon coffee. This strategy may also be adopted for Arabica coffee to increase its crop longevity and yield. In this scenario, the present study proposes to examine the influence of the cycle pruning programmed on the vegetative and productive development of Arabica coffee. The experiment was developed in the field as a randomized-block design with four replicates. Treatments were tested in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement consisting of four stem densities (4000, 8000, 12000 or 16000 stems ha-1) and two management strategies for the removal of plagiotropic branches (annual or biennial removal of branches which had reached 70% or more of their production capacity). For some variables, the treatments were organized as a 4 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in which the last factor corresponded to two regions of data collection in the plant (upper or lower). For all factorial arrangements, an additional treatment (control) was employed corresponding to traditional pruning (recepa). Annual or biennial removal of plagiotropic branches which had attained 70% or more of their production capacity can be adopted with no losses to crop yield. The cycle pruning programmed improves the distribution of branches, increases canopy area and prevents the occurrence of the “naked neck” phenomenon, observed in control treatment. Additionally, it provides better agronomic and productive performance; therefore, it can be used as a substitute for recepa.

scholarly journals Soil uses in the sugarcane fallow period to improve chemical and physical properties of two latosols (oxisols)

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Fernandes ◽  
José Eduardo Corá ◽  
Adolfo Valente Marcelo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Fallow Period ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sunn Hemp ◽  
In The Beginning

Sugarcane production should be integrated with crop diversification with a view to competitive and sustainable results in economic, social and environmental aspects. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of different soil uses during the sugarcane fallow period on the chemical and physical properties of eutroferric Red Latosol - LVef (Oxisol) and Acric Latosol - LVw (Acric Oxisol), in Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, Brazil (21º14'05'' S, 48º17'09'' W, 600 m asl). A randomized block design was used with five replications and four treatments, consisting of different soil uses (crops) in the sugarcane fallow period: soybean only, soybean/fallow/soybean, soybean/millet/soybean, and soybean/sunn hemp/soybean. After two soybean crops, the LVef chemical properties remained at intermediate to high levels; while those of the LVw, classified as intermediate to high in the beginning, increased to high levels. Thus, the different soil uses during the sugarcane fallow period allowed the maintenance of LVef fertility levels and the improvement of those of the LVw. Two soybean crops increased macroporosity in the 0.0-0.1 m layer of the LVef; reduced soil aggregates in the 0.0-0.1 and 0.1-0.2 m layers of both soils, and reduced aggregate stability in these two layers of the LVw. Planting pearl millet or sunn hemp between the two soybean growing seasons promoted the formation of larger soil aggregates in the surface layer (0.0-0.1 m) of the LVw.

scholarly journals COCONUT MEAL INCLUSION IN HIGH CONCENTRATE SHEEP DIETS AFFECTS FEED DIGESTIBILITY AND INTAKE1

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 692-701
Author(s):  
PAULA FABRINY MAUÉS DA SILVA ◽  
SARAH OLIVEIRA SOUSA PANTOJA ◽  
FELIPE NOGUEIRA DOMINGUES ◽  
ANIBAL COUTINHO DO RÊGO ◽  
CRISTIAN FATURI
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Coconut Meal

ABSTRACT Coconut meal can be an affordable low-cost alternative to noble ingredients such as corn and soybean meal in sheep diets. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of coconut meal inclusions, when used as a corn and soybean meal replacement, on the intake, digestibility, and nitrogen balance of sheep diets. Twenty-four male Santa Inês lambs with body weights (BW) of 26.6 ± 3.2 kg were used in the study. The animals were housed in metabolic cages and distributed in a completely randomized block design, with three treatments and eight replications. The animals received a total mixed ratio of 30% roughage (elephant grass) and 70% concentrate. The animals were fed on two experimental diets with 11% and 22% coconut meal inclusion and a control diet (without coconut meal). Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC) intake as a percentage of BW were negatively influenced by the inclusion of coconut meal. The ether extract (EE) intake increased but did not differ between the 11% and 22% coconut meal diets. Furthermore, the digestibility of DM, CP, EE, and ADF did not differ between the two evaluated diets. The inclusion of coconut meal reduced NDF digestibility and increased that of NFC. The level of inclusion of coconut meal in the diet must be based on the EE content in the meal; keeping the EE intake below 0.16% of the BW helped to avoid limited intake of feed.

scholarly journals Respons Pertumbuhan dan Rendemen Minyak Klon Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth) terhadap Aplikasi Berbagai Dosis Urea (Growth Response And Yield Of Patchouli Clones (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) On Dose Urea Various Applications)

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Retno Ayu Diah Pangestu ◽  
M. Tahir ◽  
Fatahillah Fatahillah
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Right

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) is a plant that produces essential oils and important foreign exchange earner for Indonesia. Using superior clones  with the right fertilizer application will increase the yield of patchouli oil. The research aims to obtain patchouli plants that have the best response of urea fertilization application and optimum dosage of urea for patchouli plant growth. The study was conducted at the Politeknik Negeri lampung’s teaching farm in December 2018 until May 2019. The experiment was conducted using a factorial randomized block design (RBD), consisting of two treatment factors, namely the type of urea clone. The first factor is the type of clone consisting of 2 levels, namely NPL 9 clone and Lhokseumawe clone. The second factor is the treatment of urea doses consisting of 4 levels, namely control, 250 kg.ha-1, 300 kg.ha-1, and 350 kg.ha-1. Variables observed included plant’s height, bough, diameter, number of leaves, stalk angle, chlorophyll content, wet weight of plant, wind dry weight of plant, and yield. The results of research showed  NPL 9 clone had a superior appearance and 350 kg.ha-1 of urea dose  was the optimal dose compared to other doses and could increase patchouli yield 2,3% compared to the control treatment.

Establishment Techniques on Yield and Economics of Pigeon Pea [Cajanus cajan (L.)] in North Western Zone of Tamil Nadu

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sivakumar ◽  
A. Krishnaveni ◽  
M. Pandiyan ◽  
N. Tamilselvan
Keyword(s):  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Western Zone ◽  
North Western

Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of establishment techniques on yield and economics of red gram [Cajanus cajan (L.)] under irrigated condition at Regional Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Paiyur - 635 112,Tamil Nadu, India during Kharif season of 2013-14 and 2014-15 respectively in randomized block design with four replications. The treatments are line sowing/dibbling of seeds, sowing behind the country plough, sowing in polybag and transplanting at 25 and 40 DAS, sowing in portrays and transplanting in 25 and 40 DAS. The redgram variety LRG 41 was used for study. The results revealed that, dibbling of seeds in lines recorded higher grain yield of 2351 kg ha-1, net income of Rs.99495/- and B:C ratio of 3.39. Thus, dibbling of seeds in lines recorded 6% higher over sowing in poly bag and transplanting at 25 DAS and 27% higher yield over sowing behind the country plough. Considering yield and economics, line sowing seems to better option for the farmers followed by sowing in polybags and transplanted in 25 DAS. Under transplanted situation, transplanting of seedlings at 30 DAS was more suitable where the monsoon was delayed for 30 to 45 days under rainfed situation. 

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