Medium Density Fibreboard Manufactured from Blends of White Cypress Pine and Non-Durable Wood Species Shows Increased Resistance to Attack by the Subterranean Termite C. lacteus

Holzforschung ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Evans ◽  
S. Dimitriades ◽  
R.B. Cunningham ◽  
C.F. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Wood Species ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Termite Resistance ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Termite Attack ◽  
Cypress Pine

Summary Medium density fibreboards consisting of blends of the naturally durable wood species white cypress pine (Callitris glaucophylla) and non-durable wood species were manufactured in a commercial plant and subjected to a bioassay using the subterranean termite species, Coptotermes lacteus. A board composed of 30% cypress pine, 30% slash pine (Pinus elliottii) and 40% of the naturally durable hardwood species spotted gum (Corymbia maculata) was also manufactured and bioassayed against C. lacteus. The aims were to determine (i) whether boards containing cypress pine possessed increased resistance to termite attack compared to a control manufactured entirely from non-durable wood species; (ii) the relationship between the cypress pine content of boards and their resistance (if any) to termite attack; (iii) whether the termite resistance of boards containing cypress pine could be further enhanced by the addition of spotted gum fibre. There was an inverse relationship between the cypress pine content of MDF specimens and mass losses of the specimens during the bioassay; the percentage mass losses of specimens containing 11.4, 16.2 and 34.2% cypress pine being 20.3, 13.4 and 8.8%, respectively, compared to 32.8% for the control, which consisted of non-durable slash pine (80%) and hoop pine (Araucaria cunninghamii) (20%) fibre. There was strong evidence that the inverse relationship between the cypress pine content of boards and mass losses during the bioassay was linear, although a statistically significant quadratic (curvilinear) effect was also apparent. The addition of spotted gum fibre to boards did not increase their resistance to termite attack. Cypress pine heartwood contains a variety of extractives that are either toxic or repellent to termites, and the increased termite resistance of MDF containing cypress pine compared to the control is probably due to the insecticidal effect of such chemicals on C. lacteus. The incorporation of cypress pine fibre into MDF shows promise as an alternative to chemical biocides for increasing the resistance of MDF to termites. However, the response of termites to heartwood extractives varies between species, and therefore further experimentation is needed to test the resistance of MDF containing cypress pine fibre to attack by greater range of wood destroying termites under test conditions that more closely simulate field conditions.

scholarly journals Blended species plywood (white cypress pine and hoop pine): Effect of veneer thickness on susceptibility to attack by the subterranean termite Coptotermes acinaciformis

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 4655-4671
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Fitzgerald ◽  
Robert L. McGavin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
Termite Resistance ◽  
Loss Measurement ◽  
Visual Damage ◽  
Hoop Pine ◽  
Minimal Damage ◽  
Cypress Pine

Blended species plywood blocks comprising of 24 different veneer configurations of naturally durable white cypress pine and non-durable hoop pine were exposed to the subterranean termite Coptotermes acinaciformis in a field trial in Australia. Three thicknesses of cypress (1.8, 2.8, and 3.0 mm) and hoop pine (1.0, 1.5, and 3.0 mm) veneer were included. Blocks were assessed for termite damage using a visual damage rating and mass loss measurement. Blocks using all hoop pine veneers received substantial damage; however, blocks that had cypress face and back veneers had improved termite resistance, particularly for the 1.0-mm hoop pine core veneers. When cypress longbands were blended with hoop pine crossbands that created alternating layers, minimal damage was sustained in the hoop pine veneers; however, the damage increased with increasing hoop pine veneer thickness. All cypress veneers received essentially no termite damage, and cypress veneer thickness did not influence the severity of hoop pine veneer damage. The trial indicated that the plywood made with hoop pine core veneers, cypress pine face, and back veneers offered some termite resistance if the hoop pine veneer thickness was kept thin. Alternating cypress and hoop pine further improved the termite resistance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Discoloration and Subterranean Termite Resistance of Four Furfurylated Tropical Wood Species after One-Year Outdoor Exposure

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 900
Author(s):  
Yusuf Sudo Hadi ◽  
Deded Sarip Nawawi ◽  
Imam Busyra Abdillah ◽  
Gustan Pari ◽  
Rohmah Pari
Keyword(s):  
Wood Species ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Outdoor Exposure ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
Protection Level ◽  
Tropical Wood ◽  
Minimal Weight ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Termite Attack ◽  
One Year

The discoloration and resistance to subterranean termite attack of four furfurylated fast-growing tropical wood species were evaluated after outdoor exposure for 1 year in Bogor, Indonesia. For comparison purposes, imidacloprid-preserved and untreated wood samples were also prepared. Discoloration of all treated samples was measured before and after the furfurylation process. The wood specimens were then placed vertically to three-fourths of their length in the ground for 1 year, at which point they were evaluated for resistance to subterranean termite attack. After furfurylation, wood samples were darker in color than untreated wood, while imidacloprid-preserved wood was lighter. After 1-year exposure, furfurylated wood samples appeared to have the highest resistance to subterranean termite attack. These samples had minimal weight loss, indicating a substantial protection level. Imidacloprid-preserved wood had less resistance to termite attack, but was more resistant than untreated wood.

scholarly journals Resistance of Particleboards Made from Fast-Growing Wood Species to Subterranean Termite Attack

Insects ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 532-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dede Hermawan ◽  
Yusuf S. Hadi ◽  
Esi. Fajriani ◽  
Muhamad Y. Massijaya ◽  
Nurwati Hadjib
Keyword(s):  
Wood Species ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Termite Attack

IDENTIFIKASI JENIS JAMUR PATOGEN UNTUK PENGENDALIAN RAYAP TANAH Coptotermes sp.

PERENNIAL ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Astuti Arif ◽  
. Syahidah ◽  
Sitti Nuraeni
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
The World ◽  
Identification Of Fungi ◽  
Screening And Identification ◽  
Termite Attack ◽  
Penicillium Brevicompactum ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Fungi have a great diversity and wide distribution at the world. It can be used as the alternative technology for controlling of subterranean termite attack, particularly genus Coptotermes knowned as the wooden destructive organism, by using entomophatogenic fungi. For the purpose of the study, several isolate sources were taken from some locations. The results show that eight numbers of pathogenic fungi was founded by screening and identification of fungi taken from 19 numbers of isolate sources. The pathogenic fungi were Beauveria sp., Penicillium brevicompactum, P. rubrum, Paecilomyces fulvus, Fusarium verticolloides, Pythium sp., and Aspergillus sp. Key words: Jamur entomopatogen, Coptotermes sp.

scholarly journals Avian Breeding Season Diversity and Community Composition in Camden White Gum and Slash Pine Plantations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J Messick ◽  
Christopher E Comer ◽  
Michael A Blazier ◽  
T Bently Wigley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
The United States ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Planted Forests ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Short Rotation Woody Crops ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations

Abstract In the southern United States, some landowners have established plantations of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) and are managing them on short rotations (<15 years) to provide wood for fiber and other potential uses. Establishment of short-rotation woody crops dominated by nonnative species has implications for resident fauna in the United States that are largely unknown. We compared avifauna abundance, diversity, and community composition in newly established Camden white gum (Eucalyptus benthamii) plantations with slash pine (Pinus elliottii) plantations of the same age and height (one to two and six to seven years old, respectively) in southwestern Louisiana, USA. Species richness, diversity, and community composition in newly established eucalyptus plantations and six- to seven-year-old pines were similar. More birds were observed, and bird detections varied less in eucalyptus plantations. Indigo buntings (Passerina cyanea) and other shrub-associated species were detected more often in eucalyptus stands. In contrast, species that inhabit herbaceous-dominated communities, such as eastern meadowlarks (Sturnella magna), or that were associated with a dense graminoid community (e.g., Bachman’s sparrow [Peucaea aestivalis]) were detected less often in eucalyptus. Overall, breeding bird communities in eucalyptus plantations one to two years postestablishment differed little from plantations dominated by slash pine. Study Implications Compared with slash pine (Pinus elliottii Englem) plantations of similar age and height (one to two years and six to seven years old, respectively) we found one- to two-year-old eucalyptus (Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden & Cambage) plantations supported similar avian species richness and diversity to six- to seven-year-old pine stands. Furthermore, we found these eucalyptus plantations (E13) supported an avian community that was intermediate to similar aged pine (S13) and pine of similar height (S08). However, avian communities will likely change as eucalyptus plantations age (Christian et al. 1997). Continued monitoring and assessment of community composition, richness, and abundance is important for determining the magnitude of this change. Future investigations focused on nest success, fecundity, postfledging monitoring, and survivorship compared with other types of planted forests and native cover types would help us better understand eucalyptus plantation effects on avifauna demographics (Van Horne 1983, Martin 1998, Jones 2001, Wood et al. 2004, Sage et al. 2006, Riffell et al. 2011).

scholarly journals Color change and termite resistance of fast-growing tropical woods treated with kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) smoke

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Sudo Hadi ◽  
Muh Yusram Massijaya ◽  
Dodi Nandika ◽  
Wa Ode Muliastuty Arsyad ◽  
Imam Busyra Abdillah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
Subterranean Termites ◽  
Schleichera Oleosa ◽  
Termite Attack ◽  
Wood Resistance ◽  
Tropical Woods ◽  
Anthocephalus Cadamba

Abstract Smoke treatment can be used to enhance wood resistance to subterranean termite attack. In this study, kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) wood was pyrolyzed to produce charcoal. The smoke produced as a by-product of pyrolysis was used to treat sengon (Falcataria moluccana), jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), mangium (Acacia mangium), and pine (Pinus merkusii) wood samples for 1, 2, or 3 weeks. Following the smoke treatment, the wood specimens were exposed to subterranean termites (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) according to the Indonesian standard 7207-2014 in a laboratory. The color change caused by smoke treatment was observed, and chemical analysis of smoke was also done. The results showed that chemical compounds of kesambi smoke predominantly consisted of acetic acid, phenol, ketones, amines, and benzene. The color of smoked wood became darker, less yellow, and a little redder, while a longer smoking period produced a darker color which was more resistant to termite attack. Smoke treatment enhanced the resistance of wood to subterranean termite attack, and the resistance levels were not significantly different based on the duration of the smoke treatment.

Karyotype of Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii) Using Patterns of Fluorescence in situ Hybridization and Fluorochrome Banding

1995 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Doudrick ◽  
J. S. Heslop-Harrison ◽  
C. D. Nelson ◽  
T. Schmidt ◽  
W. L. Nance ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Fluorochrome Banding

Breeding for improved growth and juvenile corewood stiffness in slash pine

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1886-1893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Li ◽  
Dudley A. Huber ◽  
Gregory L. Powell ◽  
Timothy L. White ◽  
Gary F. Peter
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Improvement Programs

The importance of integrating measures of juvenile corewood mechanical properties, modulus of elasticity in particular, with growth and disease resistance in tree improvement programs has increased. We investigated the utility of in-tree velocity stiffness measurements to estimate the genetic control of corewood stiffness and to select for trees with superior growth and stiffness in a progeny trial of 139 families of slash pine, Pinus elliottii Engelm. grown on six sites. Narrow-sense heritability estimates across all six sites for in-tree acoustic velocity stiffness at 8 years (0.42) were higher than observed for height (0.36) and diameter at breast height (DBH) (0.28) at 5 years. The overall type B genetic correlation across sites for velocity stiffness was 0.68, comparable to those found for DBH and volume growth, indicating that family rankings were moderately repeatable across all sites for these traits. No significant genetic correlations were observed between velocity stiffness, DBH, and volume growth. In contrast, a significant, but small, favorable genetic correlation was found between height and velocity stiffness. Twenty percent of the families had positive breeding values for both velocity stiffness and growth. The low cost, high heritability and nearly independent segregation of the genes involved with in-tree velocity stiffness and growth traits indicate that acoustic methods can be integrated into tree improvement programs to breed for improved corewood stiffness along with growth in slash pine.

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