scholarly journals Influence of the crystalline structure of cellulose on the production of ethanol from lignocellulose biomass

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Smuga-Kogut ◽  
Kazimiera Zgórska ◽  
Daria Szymanowska-Powałowska
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Cellulose Fibres ◽  
Cellulosic Materials ◽  
Cellulose Structure ◽  
Rye Straw ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract In recent years, much attention has been devoted to the possibility of using lignocellulosic biomass for energy. Bioethanol is a promising substitute for conventional fossil fuels and can be produced from straw and wood biomass. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium pretreatment on the structure of cellulose and the acquisition of reducing sugars and bioethanol from cellulosic materials. Material used in the study was rye straw and microcrystalline cellulose subjected to ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium pretreatment. The morphology of cellulose fibres in rye straw and microcrystalline cellulose was imaged prior to and after ionic liquid pretreatment. Solutions of ionic liquid-treated and untreated cellulosic materials were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis in order to obtain reducing sugars, which constituted a substrate for alcoholic fermentation. An influence of the ionic liquid on the cellulose structure, accumulation of reducing sugars in the process of hydrolysis of this material, and an increase in ethanol amount after fermentation was observed. The ionic liquid did not affect cellulolytic enzymes negatively and did not inhibit yeast activity. The amount of reducing sugars and ethyl alcohol was higher in samples purified with 1-ethyl-3-methy-limidazolium acetate. A change in the supramolecular structure of cellulose induced by the ionic liquid was also observed.

scholarly journals Catalytic Performance of Sulfonated Carbon Catalysts for Hydrolysis of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Anis Kristiani ◽  
Kiky Corneliasari Sembiring ◽  
Yosi Aristiawan ◽  
Fauzan Aulia ◽  
Luthfiana Nurul Hidayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Fermentable Sugar ◽  
Carbon Catalysts ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Utilizing lignocellulosic biomass into valuable products, such as chemicals and fuels, has attracted global interest. One of lignocellulosic biomass, palm oil empty fruit bunch (EFB), has major content of cellulose (30-40%), which is highly potential to be a raw material for fermentable sugar production. In this research, a series of sulfonated carbon catalysts with various concentrations of sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 10-30 v/v%) solutions have been successfully prepared and applied for a single stage of heterogeneous acid-catalyzed hydrolysis over microcrystalline cellulose and EFB under moderate temperature condition and ambient pressure. The catalysts’ physical and chemical properties were characterized by using a Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA), X-ray diffractometer, surface area analyzer, and Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer. The characterization results showed that sulfonated carbon had relatively similar physical properties with the parent of active carbon. The hydrolysis activity of sulfonated carbon catalysts gave various Total Reducing Sugar (TRS). The effects of sulfate loading amount in catalyst samples and various ionic liquids were investigated. The hydrolysis of pure microcrystalline cellulose powder (Avicel) using 30%-sulfonated carbon (30-SC) catalyst in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl) ionic liquid at 150°C yielded the highest TRS of 16.11%. Subsequently, the catalyst of 30-SC was also tested for hydrolysis of EFB and produced the highest TRS of 40.76% in [BMIM]Cl ionic liquid at 150°C for 4 h. The obtained results highlight the potential of sulfonated carbon catalysts for hydrolysis of EFB into fermentable sugar as an intermediate product for ethanol production.

Facile Preparation of Highly Crystalline Nanocellulose by Using Ionic Liquid

2015 ◽  
Vol 1087 ◽  
pp. 106-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Tan Xiao ◽  
Wei Lai Chin ◽  
Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Crystalline Structure ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cellulose Structure ◽  
Sustainable Resources ◽  
High Crystallinity ◽  
Heat Treated

In recent decades, dependence on fossil fuels resources has shifted into derivation of cellulose based materials to replace the non-renewable resources. Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant feedstock on earth and is one of the promising renewable and sustainable resources. In the present study, simple preparation of nanocellulose particles by using ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate) has been introduced by investigating the influence of reaction temperature (room temperature and heat treated at 90°C). The resultant samples were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Interestingly, it was found that the high crystallinity sample could be synthesized at temperature of 90°C. The reason might be attributed to ionic liquid enter into the space between cellulose chains and caused cellulose molecules progressively swelled up when heated. Consequently, amorphous regions of cellulose were dissolved by ionic liquid and crystalline parts of cellulose were leave in the cellulose structure. From the XRD data, it could be observed that sharper crystalline peak and higher crystallinity index (CrI) present within heat-treated samples which corresponded to higher crystalline structure of cellulose I. While the broader peak and lower CrI of untreated cellulose samples indicated lower crystalline structure of cellulose I. Pretreatment of cellulose with ionic liquid can provides a facile approach for the preparation of nanocellulose particles with high crystallinity.

scholarly journals Optimization ofArundo donaxSaccharification by (Hemi)cellulolytic Enzymes fromPleurotus ostreatus

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossana Liguori ◽  
Elena Ionata ◽  
Loredana Marcolongo ◽  
Luciana Porto de Souza Vandenberghe ◽  
Francesco La Cara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Screening Design ◽  
Commercial Enzymes ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

An enzymatic mixture of cellulases and xylanases was produced byPleurotus ostreatususing microcrystalline cellulose as inducer, partially characterized and tested in the statistical analysis ofArundo donaxbioconversion. The Plackett-Burman screening design was applied to identify the most significant parameters for the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreatedA. donax. As the most significant influence during the enzymatic hydrolysis ofA. donaxwas exercised by the temperature (°C), pH, and time, the combined effect of these factors in the bioconversion byP. ostreatuscellulase and xylanase was analyzed by a 33factorial experimental design. It is worth noting that the best result of 480.10 mg of sugars/gds, obtained at 45°C, pH 3.5, and 96 hours of incubation, was significant also when compared with the results previously reached by process optimization with commercial enzymes.

scholarly journals Acid Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Materials for The Production of Second Generation Ethanol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane Daniella Silva ◽  
João Pedro Cano ◽  
Fernanda Maria Pagane Guereschi Ernandes ◽  
Crispin Humberto Garcia-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Sugar Release ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Second Generation Ethanol

Abstract Brazil is one of the countries with the largest agricultural production in the world. Therefore, it is capable of generating large amounts of agro-industrial waste that can be used as biomass for the production of biofuels. Second generation ethanol is a renewable energy alternative, capable of replacing fossil fuels. Within this context, the objective of the present work was to study the effect of diluted acid hydrolysis in different types of lignocellulosic residues and the consequent production of 2G ethanol from these hydrolysates using different fermenting microorganisms. The acid concentration that released the highest content of fermentable sugars from the acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials was 5.0% of sulfuric acid and the contact time with the biomass was 15 min. while heating in autoclave. The material that showed the highest sugar release after acid hydrolysis was cassava residues, with 131.09 g.L− 1 of reducing sugars. The fermentations were carried out with microorganisms alone and also in consortium. The largest production of 2G ethanol was from the hydrolyzate of soybean hulls, of 47.70 g.L− 1 of ethanol by the consortium of Zymomonasmobilis and Candida tropicalis, during 8 h of fermentation and showed productivity of 5.96 g.L− 1.h− 1.

Use of cellobiohydrolase-free cellulase blends for the hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose and sugarcane bagasse pretreated by either ball milling or ionic liquid [Emim][Ac]

2013 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 551-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Sposina Sobral Teixeira ◽  
Ayla Sant’Ana da Silva ◽  
Han-Woo Kim ◽  
Kazuhiko Ishikawa ◽  
Takashi Endo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals CFD Simulations of Microreactors for the Hydrolysis of Cellobiose to Glucose by β-Glucosidase Enzyme

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 790
Author(s):  
Virginia Venezia ◽  
Valeria Califano ◽  
Giulio Pota ◽  
Aniello Costantini ◽  
Gianluca Landi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Model Following ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Mass Transfers ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass-derived compounds represents a valid strategy to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels, with geopolitical and environmental benefits. In particular, β-glucosidase (BG) enzyme is the bottleneck in the degradation of cellulose because it catalyzes the hydrolysis of cellobiose, a known inhibitor of the other cellulolytic enzymes. However, free enzymes are unstable, expensive and difficult to recover. For this reason, the immobilization of BG on a suitable support is crucial to improve its catalytic performance. In this paper, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed to test the hydrolysis reaction in a monolith channel coated by BG adsorbed on a wrinkled silica nanoparticles (WSNs) washcoat. We initially defined the physical properties of the mixture, the parameters related to kinetics and mass transfers and the initial and boundary conditions thanks to our preliminary experimental tests. Numerical simulation results have shown great similarity with the experimental ones, demonstrating the validity of this model. Following this, it was possible to explore in real time the behavior of the system, varying other specified parameters (i.e., the mixture inlet velocity or the enzymatic load on the reactor surface) without carrying out other experimental analyses.

scholarly journals Eco-Friendly Ca-Montmorillonite Grafted by Non-Acidic Ionic Liquid Used as A Solid Acid Catalyst in Cellulose Hydrolysis to Reducing Sugars

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Miao Yang ◽  
Dongshen Tong ◽  
Haiyan Yang ◽  
Kai Fang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽  
Solid Catalyst ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

An effective and friendly method was developed for the production of reducing sugars (RS) from the hydrolysis of cellulose over the solid catalyst of Ca-montmorillonite (Mt) grafted by non-acidic ionic liquid (Mt-IL) in water. The effect of mass ratio, water dosage, reaction temperature, and time were investigated in a batch reactor. Raw Mt showed only a 7.9% total reducing sugars (TRS) yield for the catalytic hydrolysis of cellulose in water. As the Mt was grafted by -SO3H and IL, the TRS yield greatly increased under the same reaction conditions. The highest TRS yield of 35.7% was obtained on the catalyst of Mt grafted by non-acidic IL at 200 °C with the mass ratio of catalyst to cellulose of 0.2 for 120 min. The high TRS yield for Mt-IL should be attributed to the synergistic effect of the dissolution of cellulose by IL and the exposed metal ions on the layer with water. Although the yield of TRS on Mt-IL decreased gradually with recycling runs, the decrease after the first run was not very serious compared to the fresh catalyst. This work provides a promising strategy for efficient cellulose hydrolysis into fine chemicals by Mt with non-acidic IL.

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