scholarly journals Choosing the Right Path: Image Schema Theory as a Foundation for Concept Invention

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria M. Hedblom ◽  
Oliver Kutz ◽  
Fabian Neuhaus
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Path Following ◽  
Schema Theory ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
Creative Thought ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Image Schema ◽  
The Right

AbstractImage schemas are recognised as a fundamental ingredient in human cognition and creative thought. They have been studied extensively in areas such as cognitive linguistics. With the goal of exploring their potential role in computational creative systems, we here study the viability of the idea to formalise image schemas as a set of interlinked theories. We discuss in particular a selection of image schemas related to the notion of ‘path’, and show how they can be mapped to a formalised family of microtheories reflecting the different aspects of path following. Finally, we illustrate the potential of this approach in the area of concept invention, namely by providing several examples illustrating in detail in what way formalised image schema families support the computational modelling of conceptual blending.

scholarly journals Image Schema-Based Instruction in English Grammar

2016 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Mayu Shintani
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Private University ◽  
Schema Theory ◽  
Grammar Teaching ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Image Schema ◽  
Based Instruction

Cognitive linguistics has been aimed at revealing the very nature of language for the last several decades. One of the field’s most significant contributions has been the abstraction of the general patterns, or image schemas, underlying grammatical concepts. In this paper, we propose that English grammar-teaching methods adopting image schema theory offer strong benefits for language teaching. As schematic explanations given to learners are more visible and comprehensible than ordinary verbal-based ones, this method offers a clearer and more engaging way to understand the target grammar. We also present data collected from experiments conducted with more than 400 native Japanese-speaking students at one national and one private university that support the effectiveness of this method. 認知言語学は産声をあげてここ数十年の間，人間の言語の真の姿を明らかにすることに専心してきた。この学問分野がつまびらかにしてきた数々の言語現象のうち，最も有益な成果のひとつにイメージ図式理論の構築があげられる。イメージ図式とは文法および語彙構造のひな形となるものである。本論文は認知言語学のイメージ図式理論を応用した英文法教材の学習効果を一国立大学と一私立大学に学ぶ400人以上の日本人学部生を対象に行った実験結果をもとに実証的な知見から論じている。

scholarly journals The Role of the “Path” and the “Container” Image Schemas in Political Discourse in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. p123
Author(s):  
Dr. Raphael Francis Otieno
Keyword(s):  
Political Discourse ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Schema Theory ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Image Schema

The study of conceptual interaction has attracted the attention of many scholars in Cognitive Linguistics. Primarily, the analysis has focused on the role of image-schemas in the construction of metaphors. This study explores the PATH and the CONTAINER image-schemas and the role they play in conceptual formation of metaphors in political discourse in Kenya. The study presents the PATH and its subsidiary image schemas of Verticality, Process and Force-Motion and the CONTAINER image-schema and the subsidiary image-schemas of Excess and In-Out. The analysis reveals that both the PATH and the CONTAINER image-schemas structure the relationship between the source domains (journey and container) and the target domain (politics) by activating subsidiary image-schemas in metaphors of politics in Kenya. The study further reveals that image-schemas provide the axiological value (positive or negative) of metaphorical expressions in political discourse. A positive political environment is a key ingredient for green growth and knowledge economy. The study contributes to the field of metaphor in political discourse by examining the politicians’ conceptualization of politics as a journey, which consists of four structural elements (a source, a destination, contiguous locations which connect the source and the destination and a direction) and as a container, which consists of an interior, an exterior and a boundary. The study used the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) as a tool to establish conceptual metaphors used during the 2005 Draft Constitution referendum campaigns in Kenya and the Image-Schema Theory to account for the presence of image-schemas in political discourse in Kenya. Lakoff and Johnson’s (1980) Conceptual Metaphor Theory is the locus classicus of the image schema theory.

scholarly journals From Simple Metaphors to Conceptual Blending: The Mapping of Analogical Concepts and the Praxis of Translation

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-81
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. McElhanon
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Optimality Principles

I have five goals for this paper. First, I will demonstrate the influence that the understanding of metaphor has had on the praxis of translation. Second, I will introduce and apply more recent insights in human conceptual processes, in particular those of image-schemas, conceptual metaphors and conceptual blends. Third, I will introduce optimality principles and relate them to the suggested conceptual blends. Fourth, I will present some translations of conceptual blends and then suggest optimality principles for translating conceptual blends and evaluate the translations by them. Finally, I will suggest areas that require further research. This study is exploratory and suggestive. Hopefully, readers will wish to broaden their understanding of cognitive linguistics and refine what is presented here.

scholarly journals Dynamic conceptualizations of threat in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLIVIA KNAPTON
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Schema Theory ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Clinical Models ◽  
Image Schema

abstractObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe mental health problem of a heterogeneous nature. To add to discussions around defining coherent subtypes of OCD, this paper uses qualitative, cognitive linguistic analysis to show how episodes of OCD can be differentiated based on their underlying conceptualizations of threat. Spoken narratives of OCD episodes told by people with OCD were analyzed using image schema theory and cognitive approaches to deixis in discourse. Through an exploration of the participants’ subjective experiences of time, space, and uncertainty in their recounted OCD episodes, the findings demonstrate that perceptions of threats fluctuate as OCD episodes unfold, and that it is the perceived movement (or not) of the threat that induces distress. Moreover, the dynamism of the threat is conceptualized differently for different subtypes of OCD. This variation can in part be explained by the role of two image schemas in structuring OCD episodes: the SOURCE–PATH–GOAL image schema and the CONTAINER image schema. It is argued that the blanket notion of threat as often investigated in clinical models of OCD is not sensitive enough to capture these shifting perspectives. It is thus recommended that threat perception in OCD is researched as a dynamic, evolving, and highly subjective experience.

Case assignment and image schemas

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tore Nesset
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Case Assignment ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Prepositional Phrases ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Image Schema ◽  
Locative Case

The notion of image schema has received a great deal of attention in cognitive linguistics. In this paper, image schemas are applied to an analysis of case assignment in Russian temporal adverbials. My focus will be on prepositional phrases headed by v ‘in’ followed by a noun phrase in the accusative or the second locative case. This approach, it is argued, facilitates the formulation of simple generalizations. While the paper focuses on data from a single language, the proposed analysis has wider ramifications for the study of case, since it is argued that that image schema-based analyses have quite general advantages over those couched in terms of distinctive features.

scholarly journals Image Schemas and Conceptual Blending in Diagrammatic Reasoning: The Case of Hasse Diagrams

2021 ◽  
pp. 297-314
Author(s):  
Dimitra Bourou ◽  
Marco Schorlemmer ◽  
Enric Plaza
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Spatial Reasoning ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Diagrammatic Reasoning ◽  
Order Logic ◽  
Qualitative Spatial Reasoning ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
Hasse Diagrams ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Diagram Design

AbstractIn this work, we propose a formal, computational model of the sense-making of diagrams by using the theories of image schemas and conceptual blending, stemming from cognitive linguistics. We illustrate our model here for the case of a Hasse diagram, using typed first-order logic to formalise the image schemas and to represent the geometry of a diagram. The latter additionally requires the use of some qualitative spatial reasoning formalisms. We show that, by blending image schemas with the geometrical configuration of a diagram, we can formally describe the way our cognition structures the understanding of, and the reasoning with, diagrams. In addition to a theoretical interest for diagrammatic reasoning, we also briefly discuss the cognitive underpinnings of good practice in diagram design, which are important for fields such as human-computer interaction and data visualization.

Metaphors of Eucharistic Presence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Shaver
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Proper Sense ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ecumenical Theology

One of the most challenging questions for Christian ecumenical theology is how the relationship between the eucharistic bread and wine and Jesus Christ’s body and blood can be appropriately described. This book takes a new approach to controverted questions of eucharistic presence by drawing on cognitive linguistics. Arguing that human cognition is grounded in sensorimotor experience and that phenomena such as metaphor and conceptual blending are basic building blocks of thought, the book proposes that inherited models of eucharistic presence are not necessarily mutually exclusive but can serve as complementary members of a shared ecumenical repertoire. The central element of this repertoire is the motif of identity, grounded in the Synoptic and Pauline institution narratives. The book argues that the statement “The eucharistic bread and wine are the body and blood of Christ” can be understood both as figurative and as true in the proper sense, thus resolving a church-dividing dichotomy. The identity motif is complemented by four major non-scriptural motifs: representation, change, containment, and conduit. Each motif with its entailments is explored in depth, and suggestions for ecumenical reconciliation in both doctrine and practices are offered. The book also provides an introduction to cognitive linguistics and offers suggestions for further reading in that field.

scholarly journals A conceptual blending analysis of a metaphorical advertisement: applications in elt

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Elisa Mattos de Sá
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
English Language ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Meaning Construction ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
Conceptual Integration ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
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Advances in Cognitive Linguistics have focused on the centrality of meaning and conceptual structure in human language (Evans & Green, 2006; Geeraerts, 2006), placing phenomena such as metaphor as central to human cognition (Lakoff, 2006; Lakoff & Johnson, 1980). This paper analyzes the process of meaning construction of a metaphorical print advertisement in which cognitive operations of conceptual integration (cf. Fauconnier & Turner, 2002) can be mapped through the interplay between verbal and nonverbal language. Seeing that adverts can provide learners with real-life communicative opportunities for language development due to theirup-to-date language, cultural-bound content, and creative discourse techniques (Mishan, 2005; Picken, 2000; 1999), this paper additionally provides four pedagogical applications of the chosen advertisement in English Language Teaching, drawing on the principles of the theoreticalframework presented.

Italian split intransitivity and image schemas

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 77-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya I. Stolova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Single Parameter ◽  
Romance Languages ◽  
Semantic View ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Mismatch Problem ◽  
Auxiliary Selection ◽  
Image Schema ◽  
Split Intransitivity ◽  
Intransitive Verbs

This paper explores the choice between the auxiliaries BE and HAVE with Italian intransitive verbs. Most attempts to account for split intransitivity in Italian, as well as in other Romance languages, can be roughly grouped into two categories: the syntactic perspective and the semantic view. In this article I propose that instead of attempting to identify one single parameter responsible for the choice between BE and HAVE, the Romanists should, as our colleagues in other language families have already done, consider the auxiliary selection in terms of a combination of motivations related to the speakers’ conceptualization of the event and to their access to the relevant image schema. This proposition prompts us to reassess the conclusions previously reached by researchers working with aphasic subjects. In addition, it fosters integration between cognitive linguistics and neuroscience by providing a solution to the so-called “Granularity Mismatch Problem.”

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