Developing waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio percentile curves for Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2–18 years using Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) method

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 983-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Muhammad Aslam ◽  
Saima Altaf ◽  
Sajid Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Percentile Curves ◽  
Lms Method ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

AbstractObjectivesChildren from different countries and with different ethnic backgrounds have a distinct pattern of central fat deposition. Therefore, it is essential to develop population-specific percentiles of waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and waist-to-height ratio exponent (WHtR (exp)) for the evaluation of central obesity. The objective of this study was to develop age-and-gender-specific smoothed WC and WHtR percentile curves for the Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2–18 years.MethodsA cross-sectional data-set from a multi-ethnic anthropometric survey was considered. A sample of 10,668 healthy subjects (boys = 51.92%; and girls = 48.08%), aged 2–18 years was studied. Height (cm) and WC (cm) of each subject was measured under standard procedure and WHtR & WHtR (exp) were calculated. Age-and-gender-specific smoothed curves were obtained using the lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) method and compared with percentile curves obtained from different countries.ResultsExcept few early ages, the WC values increased with age in both sexes. Both boys and girls had approximately similar WC during 6–11 years of age and after age of 11, the boys had larger WC than the girls had. For WHtR, the centile curves showed a continuous decrease by 16 years of age and then increased gradually. WHtR of the girls in various ages were having similar or higher than those of the boys. In comparison of WC 50th and 90th percentiles with other countries, it was found that except few ages, the Pakistani children had larger WC than the other reference populations and the results of WHtR were also comparable to the other nations.ConclusionsWe present new reference data of WC, WHtR and WHtR (exp) using a representative sample of the Pakistani children aged 2–18 years. These reference values can be used provisionally for early detection of central obesity and its associated risks in the Pakistani children.

scholarly journals Reference curves for BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio for Azorean adolescents (Portugal)

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rute Santos ◽  
Carla Moreira ◽  
Jonatan R Ruiz ◽  
Susana Vale ◽  
Luisa Soares-Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentile Curves ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Reference Curves ◽  
Lms Method ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Objectively Measured

AbstractObjectiveThere are no percentile curves for BMI, waist circumference (WC) or waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) available for Portuguese children and adolescents. The purpose of the present study was to develop age- and sex-specific BMI, WC and WHtR percentile curves for a representative sample of adolescents living in the Portuguese islands of Azores, one of the poorest regions of Europe, and to compare them with those from other countries.DesignCross-sectional school-based study. Weight, height and WC were objectively measured according to standard procedures. Smoothed percentile curves were estimated using Cole's LMS method.SettingAzores, Portugal.SubjectsProportionate stratified random sample of 1500 adolescents, aged 15–18 years.ResultsResults showed some sex differences in the shape of the BMI curves: in girls, the upper percentile values tend to decrease by the age of 16 and 17 years; whereas in boys, the upper percentiles tend to be flat between 15 and 16 years and then increase until the age of 18 years. In both sexes, the upper percentile values of both WC and WHtR decreased slightly by the age of 16 years and then increased steeply. In both sexes, the Azorean values for the 50th and 90th WC percentiles were higher than those reported for adolescents from the majority of other countries.ConclusionsThe reference curves presented herein provide baseline data for the long-term surveillance of Azorean adolescents, as well as for national and international comparisons.

scholarly journals Reference Curves of Selected Circumferential Parameters for Czech Children Aged 6 to 11 Years

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 908
Author(s):  
Jancikova Vendula ◽  
Pridalova Miroslava ◽  
Kaplanova Tereza
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Percentile Curves ◽  
Reference Curves ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

(1) Background/objective: the globally discussed current issue is the increasing body weight of the population. This trend is observed in all age categories. Pediatricians and anthropologists use BMI percentile curves to determine the optimal body weight of children, based on which the child is categorized in the category of underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese. Medical or anthropological examinations also use some methods to determine the amount of body fat. In addition to evaluating amounts of body fat, it is important to assess its distribution. The distribution of fat in the body, especially in terms of disproportionate distribution, is a risk factor for health complications, especially in terms of metabolic and health risk. Part of monitoring children’s growth is also measuring and evaluating circumferential parameters, such as abdominal circumference, gluteal circumference, and waist circumference. This study aimed to define age- and gender-specific reference curves for waist circumference (WC), abdominal circumference (AbC), and gluteal circumference (GC) in Czech children. (2) Methods: data on children’s circumferential parameters were collected via anthropometric measurements. The research sample consisted of 2093 children aged 6–11 years (boys, n = 1008; girls, n = 1085). Only children with parental informed consent were included. The statistical analysis was performed separately by age and gender using SPSS v. 22. Anthropometric data were summarized by mean and standard deviation. The percentile curves of WC, AbC, and GC were calculated (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, P97) in R 3.4.2 software (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) using the gamlss package. (3) Results and conclusions: the study developed age- and gender-specific percentile curves of WC, AbC, and GC for Czech children aged 6–11 years. All parameters increased with age in both boys and girls. Generally, the boys had higher WC and AbC than did girls, but girls had higher GC than did boys. Female and male median WC percentiles (M) increased from the age of 6. Both girls’ and boys’ median percentiles showed a continuous increase. We found similar trends in the median GC and AbC percentile curves. All percentile curves showed similar trends in both sexes, but the 90th and 97th WC percentiles in boys were exceptions: from the age of 10, they exceeded the values of girls, reaching their peak at the age of 11 followed by a decrease in the case of the 97th percentile and a plateau in the case of the 90th percentile. This study serves as a reference to enrich the methods of evaluation of somatic and medical status in Czech children. Up–to–date percentile curves would be a practical addition to the BMI percentiles for the screening and evaluation of overweight and obese conditions and the related risks of abdominal obesity in the pediatric population.

scholarly journals Waist circumference in 6–12-year-old children: The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (21_suppl) ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Morten Fredriksen ◽  
Angelica Skår ◽  
Asgeir Mamen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Parental Education Level ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Aims: With overweight and obesity increasing worldwide, it has become ever more important to monitor the development and distribution of adiposity in children. This study investigated how the measurements of waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in children 6–12 years old relate to earlier studies. Methods: In 2015, 2271 children (boys, n = 1150) were measured for height, weight, and WC. Parental education level was used as a measure of socioeconomic status. Results: A significant increase in WC with age was revealed for both sexes ( p < .0001). Boys at 10 and 12 years had a larger WC than girls; otherwise no difference between sexes was found. The WHtR decreased with age for girls ( p < .0001); 14% of the sample displayed a WHtR ≥ 0.50. Comparison with earlier studies showed a higher WC and WHtR despite no change in weight and body mass index. Conclusion: WC and WHtR are recommended as tools for identifying central obesity in children. The results indicate increased WC in 6–12-year-old children compared with earlier findings.

scholarly journals Percentile Curves for Body-Mass Index, Waist Circumference, Waist-To-Height Ratio and Waist-To-Height Ratio(Exp) in Croatian Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Zvonar ◽  
Lovro Štefan ◽  
Mario Kasović
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
School Students ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentile Curves ◽  
Percentile Curve ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Purpose: The main purpose of the present study was to establish percentile curves for body-mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and WHtR(exp) in adolescents. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 1036 secondary-school students aged 15 to 18 years from eight randomly selected schools (55.3% girls). BMI, WC, WHtR and WHtR(exp) were calculated using standardized measuring protocol. The sex- and age-specific smoothed percentile curves with 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentile for each anthropometric measure were constructed using Cole’s LMS method. Results: In boys, both BMI and WC percentile curves increased by age, yet the 95th percentile curve for WHtR and WHtR(exp) decreased by age. In girls, the 95th percentile curve for BMI remained unchanged through the age of 15 to 18 years, yet the 90th and 95th percentile curves for WC and WHtR decreased by age. Conclusion: This is the first study in Croatia to establish combined BMI, WC, WHtR and WHtR(exp) percentile curves and add some new insight on anthropometric measures in 15- to 18-year-old adolescents.

scholarly journals Gender-associated differences in the prevalence of central obesity using waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio, and that of general obesity, in Slovak adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Csongová ◽  
Katarína Volkovová ◽  
Martin Gajdoš ◽  
Radana Gurecká ◽  
Ivana Koborová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

scholarly journals Glycated hemoglobin HbA1c, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio in overweight and obese adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Elysa Nur Safrida ◽  
Neti Nurani ◽  
Madarina Julia
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background Central obesity has been associated with a high risk of insulin resistance. Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio are anthropometric indices for determining central obesity and have been associated with increased blood pressure, cholesterol, and insulin levels. In adults, fat distribution around the waist is a valid predictor of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)levels, and is currently recommended by experts as a diagnostic tool for diabetes. Central obesity measurement has advantages over fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance tests, as it is simple and inexpensive to perform.Objective To assess for correlations between HbA1c level and waist circumference as well as waist-to-height ratio and to assess factors potentially associated with HbA1c levels in overweight and obese adolescents.Methods This cross-sectional study was done in four junior high schools in Yogyakarta, which were obtained by cluster sampling. Overweight and obese students who were generally healthy were included in the study. Subjects underwent waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio measurements, as well as blood tests for HbA1clevels.Results Sixty-seven children participated in the study, with 48 girls (71.6%) and 19 boys (28.4%). Waist circumference and HbA1c levels were not significantly associated (r=0.178; P=0.15). However, waist-to-height ratio and HbA1c levels had a weak positive correlation (r=0.21; P=0.04). Linear regression analysis revealed that waist-to-height ratio had a significant association with HbA1c level (P=0.02), but age, sex, and nutritional status did not.Conclusion Waist-to-height ratio is correlated with HbA1c levels in overweight and obese adolescents.

scholarly journals Age- and Gender-Specific Smoothed Waist Circumference Percentiles for Kuwaiti Adolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert T. Jackson ◽  
Nawal Al-Hamad ◽  
Prasanna Prakash ◽  
Mona Al-Somaie
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

Using height-corrected definition of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-438
Author(s):  
Chunming Ma ◽  
Qiang Lu ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Fuzai Yin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Anthropometric Indexes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Hypertension In Children ◽  
Gender Specific

Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MS) is common among children and adolescents. Age- and gender-specific references or age-, gender- and height-specific references were used in pediatric MS definitions. More recently, an increasing number of studies documented that the ratio of waist circumference (WC) to height (WHtR) and blood pressure to height (BPHR) were easy anthropometric indexes for detection of obesity and hypertension in children and adolescents. For these reasons, height-corrected MS definition was proposed. WHtR and BPHR were used as alternatives to WC and BP in the definition of MS. In the present review, we discuss the possibility of the height-corrected MS definition for identifying MS in children.

1603-P: Changes in Age- and Gender-Specific All-Cause Mortality Rates and Ratios in People with T2DM in Hungary between 2001-2016: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1603-P
Author(s):  
GYORGY JERMENDY ◽  
ZOLTAN KISS ◽  
GYÖRGY ROKSZIN ◽  
IBOLYA FÁBIÁN ◽  
ISTVAN WITTMANN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific
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