scholarly journals Gender-associated differences in the prevalence of central obesity using waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio, and that of general obesity, in Slovak adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Csongová ◽  
Katarína Volkovová ◽  
Martin Gajdoš ◽  
Radana Gurecká ◽  
Ivana Koborová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Developing waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio percentile curves for Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2–18 years using Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) method

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 983-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Muhammad Aslam ◽  
Saima Altaf ◽  
Sajid Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Percentile Curves ◽  
Lms Method ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

AbstractObjectivesChildren from different countries and with different ethnic backgrounds have a distinct pattern of central fat deposition. Therefore, it is essential to develop population-specific percentiles of waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and waist-to-height ratio exponent (WHtR (exp)) for the evaluation of central obesity. The objective of this study was to develop age-and-gender-specific smoothed WC and WHtR percentile curves for the Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2–18 years.MethodsA cross-sectional data-set from a multi-ethnic anthropometric survey was considered. A sample of 10,668 healthy subjects (boys = 51.92%; and girls = 48.08%), aged 2–18 years was studied. Height (cm) and WC (cm) of each subject was measured under standard procedure and WHtR & WHtR (exp) were calculated. Age-and-gender-specific smoothed curves were obtained using the lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) method and compared with percentile curves obtained from different countries.ResultsExcept few early ages, the WC values increased with age in both sexes. Both boys and girls had approximately similar WC during 6–11 years of age and after age of 11, the boys had larger WC than the girls had. For WHtR, the centile curves showed a continuous decrease by 16 years of age and then increased gradually. WHtR of the girls in various ages were having similar or higher than those of the boys. In comparison of WC 50th and 90th percentiles with other countries, it was found that except few ages, the Pakistani children had larger WC than the other reference populations and the results of WHtR were also comparable to the other nations.ConclusionsWe present new reference data of WC, WHtR and WHtR (exp) using a representative sample of the Pakistani children aged 2–18 years. These reference values can be used provisionally for early detection of central obesity and its associated risks in the Pakistani children.

scholarly journals Waist circumference in 6–12-year-old children: The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (21_suppl) ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Morten Fredriksen ◽  
Angelica Skår ◽  
Asgeir Mamen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Parental Education Level ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Aims: With overweight and obesity increasing worldwide, it has become ever more important to monitor the development and distribution of adiposity in children. This study investigated how the measurements of waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in children 6–12 years old relate to earlier studies. Methods: In 2015, 2271 children (boys, n = 1150) were measured for height, weight, and WC. Parental education level was used as a measure of socioeconomic status. Results: A significant increase in WC with age was revealed for both sexes ( p < .0001). Boys at 10 and 12 years had a larger WC than girls; otherwise no difference between sexes was found. The WHtR decreased with age for girls ( p < .0001); 14% of the sample displayed a WHtR ≥ 0.50. Comparison with earlier studies showed a higher WC and WHtR despite no change in weight and body mass index. Conclusion: WC and WHtR are recommended as tools for identifying central obesity in children. The results indicate increased WC in 6–12-year-old children compared with earlier findings.

scholarly journals Assessment of Obesity using Anthropometric Markers among University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-221
Author(s):  
Astha Astha ◽  
Bindu Krishnan ◽  
Anup Kharde
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
High Positive Correlation

Over the past few decades there has been an increase in the central or abdominal obesity. Endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance with metabolic syndrome and a higher cardiometabolic risk are directly linked to abdominal obesity. A better understanding of the epidemiology of obesity would provide insights to its mitigation. This cross sectional study was designed to identify Central obesity, General obesity and Normal Weight central obesity among young adults using the following surrogate markers Waist circumference (WC), Waist hip ratio (WHR), Waist height ratio (WtHR) and BMI. After due informed written consent, 300 young adults with equal representation of both sexes (150 each) studying MBBS, Dentistry and Physiotherapy stream in a private university were selected. Various anthropometric measures like weight, hip circumference and waist circumference and height were measured according to WHO STEPS instrument. BMI based on Asia- Pacific cut -off values was used to define general obesity. Central obesity was defined by a Waist Circumference of  80 cm in females and  90 cm in male’s .For waist to height ratio a value of  0.5 in both genders was used. For waist to hip ratio the cut off value used was 0.85 in females and 0.90 in males. An individual with normal weight according to BMI but having central obesity fits into Normal Weight Central obesity category. Average age of the participants was 20.6 1.31 years. General Obesity was more among males with 46% prevalence as compared to 25.33%among females. In contrast, the prevalence of central obesity was more among females. The prevalence of Normal weight central obesity was more among females, varying from 4% to 17% using different types of anthropometric measures for central obesity. A high positive correlation was observed between BMI with WC, WtHR and WHR. (p=0.0001) Current practice of taking only BMI into consideration for defining obesity in our country needs serious re-evaluation considering the increasing prevalence of abdominal obesity and its long term impact.

scholarly journals Glycated hemoglobin HbA1c, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio in overweight and obese adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Elysa Nur Safrida ◽  
Neti Nurani ◽  
Madarina Julia
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background Central obesity has been associated with a high risk of insulin resistance. Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio are anthropometric indices for determining central obesity and have been associated with increased blood pressure, cholesterol, and insulin levels. In adults, fat distribution around the waist is a valid predictor of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)levels, and is currently recommended by experts as a diagnostic tool for diabetes. Central obesity measurement has advantages over fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance tests, as it is simple and inexpensive to perform.Objective To assess for correlations between HbA1c level and waist circumference as well as waist-to-height ratio and to assess factors potentially associated with HbA1c levels in overweight and obese adolescents.Methods This cross-sectional study was done in four junior high schools in Yogyakarta, which were obtained by cluster sampling. Overweight and obese students who were generally healthy were included in the study. Subjects underwent waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio measurements, as well as blood tests for HbA1clevels.Results Sixty-seven children participated in the study, with 48 girls (71.6%) and 19 boys (28.4%). Waist circumference and HbA1c levels were not significantly associated (r=0.178; P=0.15). However, waist-to-height ratio and HbA1c levels had a weak positive correlation (r=0.21; P=0.04). Linear regression analysis revealed that waist-to-height ratio had a significant association with HbA1c level (P=0.02), but age, sex, and nutritional status did not.Conclusion Waist-to-height ratio is correlated with HbA1c levels in overweight and obese adolescents.

scholarly journals Is Waist-to-Height Ratio Superior to Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Predicting the Incidence of Hypertension?

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Tian Yang ◽  
Wen-Qian Yu ◽  
Hao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Relative Power ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Incident Hypertension ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Background: It is still controversial which anthropometric indicator could be the best predictor of the incident hypertension. Objectives: To examine the relative power of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), skinfold thickness, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHTR) in predicting the incidence of hypertension in Chinese adults. Method: Data were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Overweight was defined as BMI ≥23 kg/m2 and general obesity as BMI ≥27.5 kg/m2. Abdominal obesity was defined by WC values ≥90 cm for males and ≥80 cm for females. Skinfold thickness, WHR, and WHTR were divided into low and high groups according to receiver operating characteristics. Cox regressions and nomograms were employed to compare the relative power of 5 indicators in predicting incident hypertension. Results: When all indicators were analyzed simultaneously, the best predictor of incident hypertension was general obesity (p < 0.001, adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.9, 95% CI 1.6–2.2). The results stratified by sex showed that BMI and WC were the more powerful predictors of hypertension in males (adjusted HR 1.8 and 1.3, 95% CI 1.4–2.3 and 1.1–1.5, respectively) as well as in females (adjusted HR 2.0 and 1.4, 95% CI 1.6–2.4 and 1.2–1.6, respectively). Conclusions: BMI and WC may predict incident hypertension better than skinfold thickness, WHR, and WHTR in the Chinese population.

scholarly journals The Influence of Anthropometric Indices and Intermediary Determinants of Hypertension in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5646
Author(s):  
Sally Sonia Simmons ◽  
John Elvis Hagan ◽  
Thomas Schack
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Hypertension is a major public health burden in Bangladesh. However, studies considering the underlying multifaceted risk factors of this health condition are sparse. The present study concurrently examines anthropometric parameters and intermediary factors influencing hypertension risk in Bangladesh. Using the 2018 World Health Organisation (WHO) STEPwise approach to non-communicable disease risk factor surveillance (STEPS) study conducted in Bangladesh and involving 8019 nationally representative adult respondents, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between anthropometrics, other intermediary factors and hypertension. The regression results were presented using the odds ratio (OR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The risk of hypertension was higher among females and males who were 40 years and older. However, among females, those who were age 60 years and older were more than twice and thrice more likely to be hypertensive compared to those in the younger age groups (18–39, 40–59). Females who were obese (body mass index [BMI], waist to hip ratio [WHR], waist to height ratio [WHtR]) or had high waist circumference [WC] were twice as likely to be hypertensive. Males and females who were physically active, consuming more fruits and vegetables daily and educated had lower odds of developing hypertension. Key findings suggest that the association between anthropometric indices (body mass index [BMI], waist to hip ratio [WHR], waist to height ratio [WHtR]), waist circumference [WC]), other intermediary determinants (e.g., education, physical activity) and hypertension exist across gender and with increasing age among adults in Bangladesh. Developing appropriate public health interventions (e.g., regular assessment of anthropometric parameters) for early identification of the risk and pattern of hypertension through appropriate screening and diagnosis is required to meet the specific health needs of the adult Bangladesh population.

scholarly journals Waist-to-height ratio, waist circumference and BMI as indicators of percentage fat mass and cardiometabolic risk factors in children aged 3–7 years

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Sijtsma ◽  
Gianni Bocca ◽  
Carianne L'Abée ◽  
Eryn T. Liem ◽  
Pieter J.J. Sauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio
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