Maternal obesity influences the endocrine cord blood profile of their offspring

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Carvalho Mocarzel ◽  
Guillermo Coca Velarde ◽  
Roberto de Azevedo Antunes ◽  
Renato Augusto Moreira de Sá ◽  
Asim Kurjak
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the endocrine cord blood characteristics of offspring from obese mothers with those of offspring from healthy controls.MethodsCross-sectional case control study. Setting: University medical centers. Patient(s): Offspring from obese mothers (n = 41) and healthy controls (n = 31). Intervention(s): Cord blood withdrawal from neonates. Main outcome measure(s): Cord blood total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), blood glucose (GL) and insulin (Ins).Result(s)Fetal GL and TGs were reduced in the offspring of obese women when compared to those in the offspring of the controls. The mean cord blood GL level was 47.8 mg/dL standard deviation (SD 33.1) in the offspring of the obese group vs. 57.9 mg/dL (SD 12.5) in the offspring of the control group, and the mean cord blood TG level was 26.5 (SD 33.6) in the offspring of the obese group vs. 34.6 (SD 12.3) in the offspring of the control group. Maternal obesity was also associated with reduced levels of TC and HDL-C in the pregnant women.ConclusionThe observed results suggest that GL and TGs in the cord blood of the offspring of obese mothers were significantly lower than those in the offspring of the control group.

scholarly journals Impact of Maternal Obesity and Mobile Phone Use on Fetal Cardiotocography Pattern

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1813-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaheera Saadia
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Development ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: The fetal heart rate (FHR) is a good marker of fetal well-being during labour. Cardiotocography is used to record the FHR and uterine contractions and can detect possible fetal hypoxia. Mobile phones use, and obesity is suggested to influence the FHR and cardiovascular development. AIM: The present study aimed to study the differences in FHR pattern between fetuses of obese vs non-obese groups when using a mobile phone. METHODS: We conducted a clinical trial to test the impact of mobile phone use on FHR using a single mobile phone with Specific Absorption Rate rating of 0.99 W/kg for 10 minutes. Data from this clinical trial were analysed to compare the FHR pattern between fetuses of obese women (exposed group) vs those of non-obese women (control group). The two study groups (obese vs non-obese) were compared regarding four FHR patterns: baseline FHR, variability, acceleration and deceleration scores. Data were analysed by SPSS software version 23.0 using the independent-samples t-tests. RESULTS: Sixty-nine women were included in the final analysis (obese group: n = 22 and non-obese group: n = 47). Fetuses of the obese women had significantly higher baseline FHR and less FHR variability scores when compared with fetuses of the non-obese women (mean difference 2.9 and 3.18, respectively). CONCLUSION: Fetuses of obese women had abnormal FHR pattern compared with fetuses of non-obese women. The use of mobile phone slightly influenced the FHR variability score. These results highlight the importance of proper management of obesity in women within the childbearing period.

scholarly journals Changes of Bile Acids and Energy Expenditure after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixin Yin ◽  
Weijie Chen ◽  
Liangbo Dong ◽  
Shengnan Zhou ◽  
Qiang Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background and aims: Our aims were to investigate changes of bile acids and resting energy expenditure (REE) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and the role in metabolic homeostasis.Methods: From December 2019 to May 2020, a total of 77 T2DM patients with gallbladder polyps were included in our study. Among them, 40 patients who underwent LC were enrolled into cholecystectomy group, 37 patients who did not undergo LC were enrolled into control group. Preoperative and 6-months postoperative demographic data, body weight, food intake, effects on diabetes control, and biomedical variables were recorded and compared.Results: The mean level of total bile acids (TBA) was higher than that in control group (P=0.033) and increased significantly after LC compared to baseline (P=0.029). The resting energy expenditure (REE) level in cholecystectomy group was higher than that in control group (P=0.032) and increased compared to the baseline (P=0.011). The utilization of carbohydrate increased significantly after LC (P<0.001) while the utilization of fat decreased (P<0.001). The mean level of FPG (P=0.004), A1C (P<0.001) and HOMA-IR (P=0.045) decreased after LC, as defined, the total effectiveness rate was 45%. The mean level of total cholesterol (P=0.003) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased (P= 0.021), whereas the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased (P<0.001). Conclusions: The level of REE and TBA increased after LC in patients with T2DM, the glucose and lipid metabolism improved.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900027823. Registered 30 November 2019, http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx.

Biochemical and nutritional indices as cardiovascular risk factors among Iranian firefighters

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazli Azabdaftari ◽  
Reza Amani ◽  
Mohammad Taha Jalali
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Administrative Staff ◽  
Nutritional Indices ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Aim Limited cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk data are available for firefighters worldwide. This comparative study was aimed at investigating the biochemical and nutritional indices of firefighters in Iran. Materials and methods Individuals’ anthropometric measurements, including weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences, were measured and the percent of body fat (BF%) was also obtained. Blood sampling was done in order to determine lipid profile, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), lipoprotein a (Lp(a)) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) concentrations. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) were also measured. Results The mean ages of firefighters and administrative staff were 42.45 ± 6.75 and 44.64 ± 5.83 y, respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 45% and 24% in firefighters and 54% and 23% in administrative staff, respectively. High waist-to-hip and waist-to-stature ratios were detected in 26.4% and 81.3% of firefighters versus 33.3% and 89.7% of the control group, respectively. No significant differences were observed between the mean of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and FBS concentrations. The mean of Lp(a) was significantly higher among firefighters ( P<0.05). About half of the subjects in both groups had TC >5.17, TG >1.69, HDL-C <1.03 nmol/L and Lp(a) >25 mg/dL. There were no significant differences between the SBP and DBP of subjects. There was no significant difference in smoking habits between the two groups. Conclusions Considering the high prevalence of overweight and obesity, high TC, TG and Lp(a) and low HDL-C concentrations among all firefighters, it seems necessary to provide fitness-promotion and nutritional education programs for the prevention of obesity-related chronic diseases such as CVD.

scholarly journals Endocrine Consequences of Long-Term Intrathecal Administration of Opioids

2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 2215-2222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Abs ◽  
Johan Verhelst ◽  
Jan Maeyaert ◽  
Jean-Pierre Van Buyten ◽  
Frank Opsomer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Intrathecal Administration ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Nonmalignant Pain ◽  
The Mean

Intrathecal administration of opioids is a very efficient tool in the long-term control of intractable nonmalignant pain. However, despite the well known role of opioids in endocrine regulation, few data are available about possible effects on hypothalamic-pituitary function during this treatment. Seventy-three patients (29 men and 44 women; mean age, 49.2 ± 11.7 yr) receiving opioids intrathecally for nonmalignant pain were enrolled for extensive endocrine investigation. At the time of hormonal determination, the mean duration of opioid treatment was 26.6 ± 16.3 months; the mean daily dose of morphine was 4.8 ± 3.2 mg. The control group consisted of 20 patients (11 men and 9 women; mean age, 54.2 ± 14.0 yr) with a comparable pain syndrome but not treated with opioids. Decreased libido or impotency was present in 23 of 24 men receiving opioids. The serum testosterone level was below 9 nmol/L in 25 of 29 men and was significantly lower than that in the control group (P &lt; 0.001). The free androgen index was below normal in 18 of 29 men and was significantly lower than that in the control group (P &lt; 0.001). The serum LH level was less than 2 U/L in 20 of 29 men and was significantly lower than that in the control group (P &lt; 0.001). Serum FSH was comparable in both groups. Decreased libido was present in 22 of 32 women receiving opioids. All 21 premenopausal females developed either amenorrhea or an irregular menstrual cycle, with ovulation in only 1. Serum LH, estradiol, and progesterone levels were lower in the opioid group. In all 18 postmenopausal females significantly decreased serum LH (P &lt; 0.001) and FSH (P = 0.012) levels were found. The 24-h urinary free cortisol excretion was below 20 μg/day in 14 of 71 opioid patients and was significantly lower than that in the control group (P = 0.003). The peak cortisol response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia was below 180 μg/L in 9 of 61 opioid patients and was significantly lower than that in the nonopioid group (P = 0.002). The insulin-like growth factor I sd score was below −2 sd in 12 of 73 opioid patients and was significantly lower than that in the control group (P = 0.002). The peak GH response to hypoglycemia was below 3 μg/L in 9 of 62 subjects and was significantly lower than that in the control group (P = 0.010). Thyroid function tests and PRL levels were considered normal. No metabolic disturbances were recorded, apart from significantly decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P = 0.041) and elevated total/high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (P = 0.008) in the opioid group compared to the control group. Supplementation with gonadal steroids improved sexual function in most patients. In conclusion, of all patients receiving intrathecal opioids, the large majority of men and all women developed hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, about 15% developed central hypocorticism, and about 15% developed GH deficiency. These findings suggest that further investigations are required to determine the need for systematic endocrine work-up in these patients and the necessity for substitutive therapy.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiome Alterations in Patients With Carotid Atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingfeng Chen ◽  
Qian Qin ◽  
Su Yan ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Hang Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Gut Microbes

Carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) is a reflection of systemic atherosclerosis and the main pathological processes of cardiovascular disease (CVD), namely, carotid intima–media thickening, carotid plaque formation, and carotid stenosis. Accumulating evidence indicates that the gut microbiota plays an important role in CVD and gut–brain disorders, but the associations of the composition and metabolites of the gut microbiome with CAS have not been studied comprehensively. We performed a gut microbiome genome-wide association study in 31 patients with CAS and 51 healthy controls using whole-genome shotgun sequencing. We found that several risk factors (waist circumference, body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and inflammatory markers (white blood cell count and absolute value of neutrophils) were significantly higher in the CAS group than in the control group. In addition, 21 species and 142 pathways were enriched in the CAS group, and 10 species and 1 pathway were enriched in the control group. Specifically, Bacteroides eggerthii, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most abundant species in the CAS group, whereas Parabacteroides unclassified, Prevotella copri, Bacteroides sp 3_1_19, and Haemophilus parainfluenzae were the most abundant species in the control group. Finally, we found that most gut microbes and microbial pathways that were enriched in the CAS group had significant positive correlations with clinical characteristics, whereas the microbes and pathways enriched in healthy controls had significant negative correlations with clinical characteristics excluding high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In addition, the associations between gut microbes and some microbial pathways (short-chain fatty acid, lipopolysaccharide, and menaquinol biosynthesis) were identified. Our results indicate the existence of a cyclic pathway that elevates the circulating concentrations of trimethylamine-N-oxide in patients with CAS but reduces its concentrations in healthy controls.

scholarly journals GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE AS AN INDICATOR OF OBESITY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Vinodhini V M ◽  
Sudhan Kb
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Hepatic Insulin Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

ABSTRACTObjective: Obesity, characterized by an increase in excessive fat accumulation, represents a social problem worldwide and has been recognizedas a major underlying factor in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a cell-surface protein contributing tothe extracellular catabolism of glutathione. Elevated GGT is strongly associated with obesity and excess deposition of fat in the liver, termed nonalcoholicfatty liver disease, which is thought to cause hepatic insulin resistance and contribute to the development of systemic insulin resistanceand hyperinsulinemia. Therefore, we have investigated the serum GGT levels in obese individuals and the correlation of serum GGT with bodymass index (BMI) and waist circumference.Methods: The study was carried out in 100 obese patients and 100 non-obese individuals.Results: Patients with obesity showed a significant increase in GGT levels when compared to the control group. The mean levels of BMI, WC, totalcholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), very LDL-cholesterol, total protein, and aspartate aminotransferase werefound to be significantly elevated in the obese individuals compared to controls. The mean levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol showed asignificant decrease in the obese participants.Conclusion: Elevated liver enzymes, although in normal ranges, especially at upper quartiles as observed in our study, may play a central role inearly diagnosis of fat overflow to the liver. The findings of our study suggest that serum GGT levels may be a simple and reliable marker of visceral fataccumulation.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Gamma-glutamyl transferase, Insulin resistance, Metabolic syndrome, Obesity.

Carotid intima media thickness in obese children: is there an association with hyperlipidemia?

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehra Esra Önal ◽  
Levent Soydan ◽  
Hatice Eren Öztürk ◽  
Çiğdem Sağ ◽  
Tamay Gürbüz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
The Mean

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate the association between hyperlipidemia and carotid intima media thickness in obese children, compared to non-obese ones.Two hundred (110 girls, 90 boys) children aged between 6 and 15 years participated in this study. The obese group included 53 girls, 47 boys whose body mass indices (BMI) above 95th percentile, the control group included 57 girls, 43 boys who had normal weight. Fasting total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were measured. Carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) was performed with neck ultrasound.The median thickness of right, left and mean carotis intima media were statistically higher in the study group, compared to the control group. The mean cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C levels of the study group were statistically higher, compared to the control group. There was no relationship between BMI and left carotis intima media thickness, but there was statistically significant relationship between BMI and right, mean cIMTs in the study group. There was no correlation between serum lipid levels and cIMTs in the study group. The mean atherogenic index of the study group was statistically higher, compared to the control group. There was no statistical correlation between atherogenic index and cIMTs in both of the groups.We observed that obese children had higher carotis intima media thicknesses. Carotis intima media thickness related to obesity can play an important role in future pre-atherosclerotic changes. Large population based studies are required to confirm this associaton.

Effect of dietary probiotic, antibiotic or combination on broiler performance, cecum microbial population and ileal development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elbaz ◽  
Said El-sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance

Objective: To investigate the effect of antibiotics and/or probiotics on broiler performance, some serum metabolites, cecum microflora composition, and ileum histomorphology under the Egyptian conditions. Design: Randomized controlled experimental study. Animals: Two hundred forty 1-day-old Ross (308) chicks were reared till 35 days of age. Procedures: The birds were randomly allocated into four main groups: a control diet without additives (CON); probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus) supplemented diet (PRO); antibiotic (Avilamycin) supplemented diet (ANT) and a mix group (AP) that received antibiotic in the diet form 1 to 4 days of age and treated during the rest of the experimental period with probiotics. Results: Chickens fed on probiotic or antibiotic diets had linear improvement in live body weight (LBW) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the control group, while the best LBW and FCR were in the AP group. An improvement in the nutrient digestibility was observed in the probiotic added groups (PRO and AP). Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents decreased when antimicrobial (probiotic or antibiotic) supplementations were used, while there was an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents, serum total protein, and albumin levels. Among all groups, cecum Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli counts decreased; however, there was an increase in Lactobacillus count compared to the control group. In probiotic supplemented groups (PRO and AP), a significant (P<0.05) improvement in ilea architecture. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Using probiotic after initial treatment with an antibiotic in broiler diets had a positive effect on broiler growth performance, gut health (improved cecum microbial populations and ileum histomorphology), and nutrient digestibility.

scholarly journals High-fat diet-induced obesity and impairment of brain neurotransmitter pool

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Ranyah Shaker M. Labban ◽  
Hanan Alfawaz ◽  
Ahmed T. Almnaizel ◽  
Wail M. Hassan ◽  
Ramesa Shafi Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Brain Neurotransmitter ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Lean Group

AbstractObesity and the brain are linked since the brain can control the weight of the body through its neurotransmitters. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity on brain functioning through the measurement of brain glutamate, dopamine, and serotonin metabolic pools. In the present study, two groups of rats served as subjects. Group 1 was fed a normal diet and named as the lean group. Group 2 was fed an HFD for 4 weeks and named as the obese group. Markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, glutathione, glutathione-s-transferase, and vitamin C), inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6 and IL-12), and leptin along with a lipid profile (cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein levels) were measured in the serum. Neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate were measured in brain tissue. Fecal samples were collected for observing changes in gut flora. In brain tissue, significantly high levels of dopamine and glutamate as well as significantly low levels of serotonin were found in the obese group compared to those in the lean group (P > 0.001) and were discussed in relation to the biochemical profile in the serum. It was also noted that the HFD affected bacterial gut composition in comparison to the control group with gram-positive cocci dominance in the control group compared to obese. The results of the present study confirm that obesity is linked to inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemic processes, and altered brain neurotransmitter levels that can cause obesity-related neuropsychiatric complications.

Effects of an Off-Site Walking Program on Energy Expenditure, Serum Lipids, and Glucose Metabolism in Middle-Aged Women

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiko Furukawa ◽  
Keiko Kazuma ◽  
Masako Kawa ◽  
Mitsunori Miyashita ◽  
Kyohko Niiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Nurse Managers ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Walking Program ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Blood Profiles

The present study aims to identify the effects of systematic walking on exercise energy expenditure (EEE) and blood profiles in middle-aged women. Fifty-two female nurse managers, aged 32 to 57 years (42.0 ± 6.2), were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG) and a control group (CG) for a 12-week study of the walking program. EEE was measured using a microelectronic device. Blood profiles were assessed before and after the walking program. The mean EEE (kcal/kg/d) in the IG and CG was 4.73 ± 1.02 and 3.88 ± 0.81 ( P = 0.01), indicating an increase of 1.17 ± 0.98 and 0.46 ± 0.68 from baseline ( P = 0.01), respectively. The mean change in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the IG and CG was 1.8 ± 8.3 mg/dL and −2.9 ± 7.0 mg/dL ( P = 0.051); that in insulin was −4.5 ± 7.5 μU/dL and −0.6 ± 4.3 μU/dL ( P = 0.046), respectively. These results show that systematic walking increases EEE and improves blood profiles.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document